I-Pine sawfly: iindlela zokulwa

I-pine sawfly iyinto enobungozi kuzo zonke iintlobo zemithi ye- coniferous. Ihlala emahlathini apho iintlobo ezinjalo zezihlahla zidibana khona. Isasazeka ngokukhawuleza, iyakwazi ukuthintela indawo enkulu yamaphecana ehlathi. Izinambuzane zenza umonakalo omkhulu emithini.

Afunyanwa nje kuphela eRashiya (inxalenye yaseYurophu, iSiberia, iCaucasus), kodwa nakwiJapan nakwamanye amazwe ase-Asia. KwaseMntla Melika, kuqhutywe izibhamu xa i-beetle yahlutha imimandla emikhulu yemithi ye-coniferous. Indawo apho inambuzane ingazange ibonwe khona - iArtictic.

Ingqalelo yintoni inkathazo ye-disest?

Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zeenambuzane:

• Iqhekeza eliqhelekileyo;

• Red pine sawfly.

Nangona ulwahlulo lwangaphandle, umonakalo kwiinambuzane kubangela okufanayo, kuba baneempawu ezifanayo. Ukwahlukana kuphela ukuveliswa. I-sawfly yesiqhelo inika ubuncinane izizukulwana ezimbini ngexesha lehlobo lasehlotyeni, ngaloo ndlela kubangele ingozi.

Ukubona ukuba yiyiphi inambuzane eyonakalisa umthi, kuyimfuneko ukwazi ukuba i-sawfly ipine ibonakala njani. Ubukhulu be-larva abukho ngaphezu kwama-2.5 centimitha. Umbala unokungafani nokukhanya okwesibhakabhaka kuya kuluhlaza. Inhloko ibomvu. Kukho imilenze yamanga emanga, ephawulwe ngamabala amnyama.

Izibungu ze-sawfly ebomvu zihluke kumbala wethole nentloko. Banomthunzi omnyama omnyama onomgca omhlophe wesiganeko ngasemva, amabala amnyama kunye namabala okukhanya angabonwa kwicala. Intloko ikhanya, emnyama.

Ukubonakala komntu omdala

Ukubonakala kweentsholongwane ezindala zeentlobo zombini ze-sawflies ziphantse zifana. Ukwahlukana kubakho kuphela phakathi kwesetyhini kunye nendoda.

Ibhinqa inobumba obukhanyayo, ngamanye amaxesha, umbala wethole. Kukho amabala amnyama kuwo wonke umjikelezo. Ubungakanani buncinane, ubude abudluli 1 cm.

Ukubonakala kwentombi ye-sawfly kuyafana kakhulu ne-pupa yale nambuzane. Kukhoko lombala ofanayo oluphuzi, kwaye ubude abukho ngaphezu kweyentimitha enye.

Amadoda atywe mnyama, ngaphandle kweepaws (ubomvu obomvu). Amadevu afana ne-wavest wave in shape.

Inambuzane eyingozi ingabonakala njani?

Iingqayi zezilwanyana zibeka amaqanda ngendlela ekhethekileyo, njengokungathi zigawula iinaliti. Ngaloo ndlela, amaqanda ngokukhawuleza awela ezintanjeni ezithambileyo zomthi. Ukuba ukhangeleka kakuhle, unako ukubona ama-bulge (galls) kwiimithi zepineyini ezichaphazelekayo le nkathazo.

Ngokuxhomekeke kwiimeko zezulu nge-Aprili-ekuqaleni kukaMeyi, izibungu zivela kwiiqanda, eziqala ukutshabalalisa iinaliti ezincinane kumacala, kwaye abantu abadala bayidla. Babambelele kwiipakethi, ezihambayo ukusuka kwelinye isebe ukuya kwelinye. Iingcali zenzululwazi ziye zaqikelela ukuba enye i-larva iyakwazi ukutshabalalisa ngokupheleleyo i-needine ye-40 kwiipineyini.

Ukuphuhliswa kwezibungu kuthatha ixesha elide kwaye kubandakanya amanyathelo ama-6. Ngokomyinge, zivuthwa ngeenyanga eziliqela, zize zifake emagatsheni omthi, kwaye emva kweentsuku eziyi-15 i-sawfly ipine ibonakala ekukhanyeni.

Kodwa oku akusoloko kwenzeka. Ngokuqhelekileyo izibungu zihlahla i-trunk kwi-litha yeengca, i-moss, izilingo ze-pine eziwileyo. Ukuguqulwa ngokucophelela kuyo kwaye igxininiswe ekugqibeleni. I-larva inokuhlala kweli lizwe iminyaka engama-2, kwaye ayifuni isidlo esongezelelweyo. Abanye abantu banokufihla emagqabini omthi kwisiseko sayo.

Yimonakalo yintoni eyenziwa yinkangala?

I-Lesnichestvo, apho i-coniferous tree ityalwe khona, igama elithi "pine sawfly" liyaziwa. Amanyathelo okulwa nawo ahlukeneyo, into ephambili kukufumana ingxaki ngexesha, kungenjalo umonakalo ovela kwiinambuzane unokuba lukhulu.

Ingozi ibangela zombini izibungu kunye nabantu abadala. Nangona owokuqala esidla iinaliti emacaleni, eshiya i-middle untouched, iyancipha, ijika ibe yintshona kwaye ekugqibeleni iwa. Ukongezelela, iimbumba zabantu abadala ziyidla ngokupheleleyo, kwaye ukuba kukho ukungabikho kokutya, ziyakwazi ukufikelela emagqabini kunye namahlumela amancinci. Kwaye oku sele kukhokelela ekubanjeni ukuba amagatsha esithsaba ayomisa. Emva kwesikhashana isityalo siyancipha, siqala ukupheka, okukhokelela ekufeni komthi.

Ukuba i-sawfly ipineli ifinyelela encinci yepine, ke iyafa kwiminyaka emine. Ngokuqhelekileyo kwenzeka ukuba ngaphezu kwenkcenkca echazwe ngumthi obuthathaka uhlaselwa ezinye iintlekele. Kule meko, i-pin ifa ngexesha lokubanda.

Pine sawfly: indlela yokulwa nokuphumelela emahlathini

Kwihlathi le-coniferous, kunzima kakhulu ukujongana nalolu hlobo lwenkunkuma. Kodwa kunjalo iindlela zokususa inambuzane zi:

1. Ukusetyenziswa kwamathanga akhethekileyo. Kwinqanaba elingaphantsi lomgqomo unobumba obuncinci beglue usetyenziso, olungenakulungele ukuma kunye nokuxhatshazwa kumanzi. Ngexesha apho izibungu zihla ukuze zenze i-cocoon, ziwela kwisicatshulwa.

2. Ukutshiza kweMichiza ye-HIV kunye nemithi.

3. Ukuba ummandla wonakalo ukhulu, ukuqhutshwa kwendlela yokuqhubela i-aircraft kwenziwa.

4. Ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi zentsholongwane ("Virine-diprion"). Xa uyisebenzisa, i-pH yesiqhelo kufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo.

I-dangerfly ipayipi ipayipi: amanyathelo okulawulwa kwezinambuzane kwi-backard

Ukuba ufumene le nkathazo embi kwi-dacha, kufuneka ugcine imithi. Umzabalazo uza kuba ngale ndlela:

1. Ukutshala ecaleni kwipayipi ekhuselwe yi-pine yi-tomato. Ama-enzyme aveliswa yilo sityalo ayalahla inambuzane.

2. Ukumba umthi osulelekileyo.

3. Ngaphambi kokutyala i-pine encinci, kucetyiswa ukuba uthele isisombululo se-ash okhethekileyo ngamanzi emthonjeni.

4. Ukucoca nge-tincture yesardadi, utamatisi, umhlonyane, ucuba.

5. Ukusetyenziswa kwezinto eziphilayo.

6. Ukuba ipineyini encinane, qokelela izibungu ngesandla. Njalo ugqoke iiglavu neebhola. Inambuzane kwimeko yengozi ibuyisela igazi layo, nto leyo ingabangela ukuba isisombululo esiphezulu kubantu.

Izindlela zokuthintela

Ukuba ubuncinane umthi omnye ehlathini uthatywe yi-sawfly yepine, iindlela zokulwa kufuneka zithathwe ngokukhawuleza. Kodwa akusoloko ihamba kakuhle. Indlela ngayinye ilungileyo kwisicelo ngexesha elithile (ukuvuthwa kwezibungu, ukubunjwa kwe-pupa, ixesha lokuzalisa, njl.). Ngoko ke, kungcono ukuba ungavumeli ukubonakala kweentlobo ezinobungozi. Ngenxa yoko, kukho iindlela ezikhuselekileyo zokukhusela:

• Kwiintlobo ezininzi ukusabalala kwe-sawfly yepine kuncedwa yizulu elihle. Ukuba ababikezeli baqikelela ukuba kushushu kunye noomile ngoMeyi noJuni, ngokuqinisekileyo ngama-80%, kunokuthiwa imithi iya kulwa ne-disest. Ukuba kukho imvula eyaneleyo kulezi nyanga, awukwazi ukukhathazeka ngemithi yemiphini. Kwiindawo eziphakamileyo eziphezulu, izibungu ze-insect ziyabhubha.

• Ukuba kunokwenzeka, kungcono ukuhluma amahlathi axutywayo (coniferous and deciduous). Ubukho beentlobo zibenza kube nzima kubantu abadala ukukhangela ukutya.

• I-sawfly ye-Pine-into enhle kakhulu yeentaka. Yakha izindlu zeentaka, zinike iindleko zeentaka, ezizendalo zendalo zamahlathi.

I-Pine sawfly iyanda ngokukhawuleza kwaye iyathintela inani elikhulu lemithi. Kubalulekile ukulwa nalo ukuze kuphephe ukupheliswa kwamaphecana ehlathi.