I Vietnam War

Le mfazwe e Vietnam yenye ngquzulwano inkulu zomkhosi ukuthatha indawo kwisiqingatha sesibini kwinkulungwane yama-20. Kwi-United States kunye Vietnam inkcubeko ke washiya yamanyala wathabatha kwimbali yakutshanje kula mazwe indawo ebalulekileyo.

Imfazwe emazantsi of Vietnam njengoko abangekho. Emva koko wangenela kuyo North Vietnam, kunye nenkxaso ka-China kunye USSR, i-USA kunye namanye amazwe amaninzi. Ngoko, kwelinye icala kwakukho ngumzabalazo ngokuhlanganisa le iinxalenye ezimbini Vietnam ukudala kwindawo ayahlukahlukenanga, yaye kwelinye - yokulondoloza ukuzimela emazantsi eli lizwe.

Kamsinya nje iziganeko zenzeka, imfazwe edibene ngaxeshanye Wahamba iimfazwe zamakhaya e Cambodia kunye eLaos. Besilwa yonke into eyenzeka kwiminyaka 1950-1975 kuMzantsi-mpuma Asia, ukuba igama yeSibini Indochina War.

Oonobangela of the Vietnam imfazwe zazilula ngokwaneleyo. Isigqibo sokwahlulwa Umongameli yobukomanisi North Vietnam inkxaso yiSoviet Union. US woyika ukuba ingahlakazeki ngakumbi impembelelo yiSoviet Union, yaye naziphi na iziseko zomkhosi kufutshane eUnited States yena.

Ukongeza, kukho izizathu politiko. Ubukho isiseko yomkhosi wamanzi eVietnam uya kuvunyelwa ukuba babeke esweni indlela ulwandle eJapan ukuya eTshayina ukusuka Indian Ocean, ngokunjalo iindlela ulwandle ezinkulu Europe-Far East.

Control (emkhosini, ezoqoqosho okanye ezopolitiko) kuzo zonke Vietnam wayeza kuvumela nempembelelo ngcembe kumazwe angabamelwane - iLaos kunye Cambodia, yaye ngabo - to Malaysia, Thailand, iBurma (Myanmar), kwakunye ukuqinisekisa inani izakhono ezongezelelweyo xa kuthe ekwakusiliwa China.

Imfazwe Vietnam phakathi kwabantu beli lizwe ekuthiwa Melika, okanye Liberation. Ngelo xesha ke iye yaba civil, apho walwa iqela lezopolitiko ngokuchasiweyo ilizwe ngokwayo omnye komnye, kwaye ke xa kukho umzabalazo nabahlala waseMelika bababamba amandla emazantsi.

Ngowe-1955, xa Vietnam akhululwa ezivela kumagunya isiFrentshi, yaye bayeka ukuba ithanga, oko ahlukana kubini. Inxalenye esemntla eSoviet Union inkxaso, njengoko kwaba phantsi kolawulo Communist Party, kwaye United States Kwandile kulawulwa. Ngokutsho eGeneva Agreement ilizwe eya kuhlanganiswa, nto leyo ithetha ukuba ihambo ngakumbi ukhetho.

Le isisombululo kokulahlwa ngumongameli emazantsi - Ngo Din Zemom. Njengoko impendulo walandelwa ngumbutho we-National Liberation Front of South Vietnam enye neenkokeli lizwe Communist Party. Ngako oko, Ngo Din Zem yafumana inkxaso eUnited States, wayikhupha imikhosi kwi 60s ekuqaleni ukuya kummandla eMzantsi Vietnam.

Kulapha wegqitha kwiMfazwe Vietnam de Agasti 1964 yaye emva koko erhuqelwe apha kunye nenxalenye esemantla yelizwe. Konke oku kuye kwaba ixesha elide. Icala American liligunya ubugcisa bale mihla, kodwa ngenxa Vietnamese, le umzabalazo nkwetlembetano inkululeko nokuzimela lizwe labo. Oku koko wabanika ukuzithemba, isibindi kunye ukuthanda lithemba lokuphumelela.

Kwaba kuphela ngo-1973 Januwari 27 amaqela usayine isivumelwano uxolo Paris, emisela sokuyeka-mlilo kummandla Vietnam. Nangona ngokupheleleyo Imfazwe Vietnam yaphela enyanisweni ngowe-1975, xa imikhosi South Vietnamese ngoAprili 30, wanikezela isixeko kweSaigon.

Kuphela ngo-1976 yaba ukwamkelwa-siseko karhulumente entsha, ngoku ebizwa Socialist Republic of Vietnam. Ho Chi Minh waba ngumongameli wayo wokuqala.

Ngexesha iminyaka kumzabalazo ochasene Vietnamese walahlekelwa isixa esikhulu izixhobo, iimbumbulu kunye nabantu, kuquka enoxolo. Kodwa yomnika indleko i-US Air Force eVietnam zazinzima kakhulu: 2 255 moya ntaka, kubandakanywa umlilo utshaba, 1737. Nangona kunjalo, embi kakhulu ilahleko imijukujelwa anti-moya, sihlangulwe eSoviet Union.