Ifakela - yintoni na le nto? Iimfundiso kunye ntonye "ufakelo"

Ukuqwalasela into enjalo njenge "unit", ingakumbi, kuba umisela ukuba yahlulahlulwe yaba neentsingiselo ezintathu ezahlukeneyo kakhulu. Ezi nqobo zifikelela kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo zezinto ezenziwa luluntu kwaye intsingiselo eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo. Kuba engenangxelo kule kota kufuneka siqwalasele nganye kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo.

ukufakwa

Wokuqala kwaye elula - i ufakelo (kwimeko-software yekhompyutha). Ufakelo - lihambisana elithi "ufakelo", nto leyo eye kunakuhlanga nzululwazi. Zonke iinkqubo ziye ithengiswe, abe nembono zixinaniswe. Ukuze iposi kamva kwikhompyutha yakho kunye nokuphunyezwa yonke imithetho, kufuneka kubekho inani imisebenzi yobugcisa (ufakelo). Ekuhambeni kwexesha lethu, oku kwenzeka ngokuzenzekelayo, ngokusebenzisa iinkqubo ezikhethekileyo, ezo seyinikiwe yokusebenza kwinkqubo yekhompyutha. Le nkcazelo usebenza abaqhubi kunye plug-in, izinto ezo ngokwawo na iinkqubo, kodwa ziquka ingcamango efanayo. Ezinye archivers kwakhona i fitters abo ukuphumeza inkqubo enjalo. Le impendulo elula umbuzo wokuba yintoni setting. Amaxabiso zimbini zilandelayo kuhle ukuba siziphonononge ngokweenkcukacha, ekubeni azinayo 100% ntonye -x, kodwa kunokuba amaxabiso ezifanayo, ezifanelekileyo kuphela kwimeko ethile.

inkqubo engqondweni

Xa psychology, igama elithi "ufakelo" kubaluleke ngokukhethekileyo. Ufakelo - i motor izangoma zingqondweni (ukulungela bomntu indlela ethile kwimeko elinikiweyo). Ntoni na? Kukholelwa ukuba esekelwe kumava wazuza ubukhulu becala ebuntwaneni, umntu ngamnye utsalela in ienjini asabela wakhe ongumzekelo ethile. Ke kaloku kamsinya nje isiganeko kwenzeka, nto leyo icwangciselwe kwi indlela ethile, loo mntu usebenzisa kuyo. Ngamagama alula, olu fakelo - le yinto engekhoyo, "iiglasi" apho abantu babone kwihlabathi elibangqongileyo. Kuyinto into luluvo - umbono yangaphakathi kunye nokuqonda into eyenzekayo, kwaye injongo, njengoko kuboniswa kuphela xa adalwe iimeko zangaphandle. ufakelo Psychological enza kulo mzekelo ibhulorho yokungena phakathi ezingqondweni (ienjini) leyinene. Le nto iye yaziswa kwi kwingcingane le sisazinzulu German L. Lange ngo-1888. Kodwa kuphuhliswa ngokupheleleyo kusetyenziswa imifuniselo amaninzi, DN Uznadze kunye nabafundi bakhe. Ukususela ngoko, i "ufakelo" waba, kucizwa yenza iisayikholojisti ezinkulu ezininzi. Ngoku, le ngcamango unako lungohlulwa lube zezi ntlobo zilandelayo.

Ufakelo kuhlobo bengqondo

• sentlalo motor (ilungele isenzo);
• unit sensor (ukukulungela ukwamkela);
• isicwangciso loluntu (ukulungela ukuba amanyathelo kunye umbono);
• unit yengqondo (Sifiso iiphatheni ezithile zokucinga);
• kwentamo ufakelo (ufakelo kwiimeko ezenzeka ngamava kanye).

Umzekelo omhle isenzeko kwegalelo ngokwasengqondweni, xa umntu inikwa ukufunda isicatshulwa, leyo ufaka ngokukodwa ilizwi kunye ulandelelwano engalunganga iileta (hayi zesiqhelo - nerodinarny, sisifundileyo - povevtsovanie). Xa ufunda esi sicatshulwa isicwangciso kakuhle yesininzi, kangangokuba loo iimpazamo akangeniswanga waphawula. Ubuchopho Uyabubona ilizwi elibhaliweyo ngokuqinisekileyo ezichanekileyo, njengoko olu lingelo yangaphambili ilizwi ngaphezu kanye wadibana kuyo ngendlela efanelekileyo.

isicwangciso Psychological - umba unzima kwaye ebanzi kakhulu. Oku nabo amagama afana "aim", "ukuziphatha", "umnqweno" ngokusondeleyo. Indima ebalulekileyo nendima xa ukusilela kwenzeka psyche yabantu. Zonke izigulo yengqondo enxulumene ikakhulu nje nge impendulo engeyiyo - ufakelo engalunganga, okanye mgaqo, kunye umsebenzi wofakelo ukuba ayingqinelani yokwenene.

Kuyacaca engineering

Ufakelo - oku kuyinxalenye yenkqubo, apho izixhobo inxaxheba kwi ngokusisigxina ezisisigxina babemile, wandula ke wayiphakamisa ngezenzo. Le mbono yokuhlala zombini imveliso kunye nezisombululo zobunjineli. Wonke umntu uyayazi lo binzana njenge "ufakelo izixhobo" - kulo mzekelo, oko kuba ikhompyutha okanye imoto okanye imveliso xa iyonke, njl Kodwa nkcazelo ingentla zonke iintlobo ufakelo efanayo.

isityalo amandla

Le ngcamango, Kakade ke, eso intsingiselo lobugcisa ilizwi. Kodwa eyama, asinto ibe nentsingiselo ekhethekileyo, yaye ngenxa yoko bathi ingqalelo ekhethekileyo. Kulo mzekelo, ukufakelwa - oku indlela yokucakaca imoto. Ukwakhiwa ukuba abe ezahlukeneyo ngokupheleleyo, ngokuxhomekeke kumgaqo yintshukumo yenkqubo ebulalayo, kodwa kunjalo iquka injini elijikelezayo. Kodwa hayi kuphela moya ogqunywe kule kota. Le mveliso ifumaneka kuzo zonke iindlela eziqhutywa. Nangona eli binzana nenye intsingiselo azikho nje ithandwa njengokuba eyama kuyimfuneko ukuqwalasela iintlobo zezityalo lwamandla kokungena generic.

Types of ephehla

Nezingenayo ifane kuye injini, esenokuba igesi, idizili okanye ipetroli.

Uyakwazi ukugcina umahluko yokuba ukuqhutywa, kodwa qiniseka ukuba siqwalasele indlela ethile (moya, imoto uloliwe,). Iintlobo nezingenayo zahlukahlukene kakhulu, nkqu ing elimxinwa.

zokwakha

Enye indawo apho igama elithi "ufakelo" na ukusetyenziswa rhoqo yonke imihla. Unawo nayo indawo kuba amandla-izityalo oomatshini yokwakha. Ngokungafaniyo moya, eli binzana lwenzelwe ukwakha kuphela injini ngokwayo, kunokuba inkqubo-injini elijikelezayo. Ngako oko, kukho ezi ndidi zilandelayo iinjini basafunda lwangaphakathi yokutsha, Iimoto zombane, AC ne DC, actuators womoya, actuators hydraulic, zidibene drives. Ngokubanzi, oku ngendlela elula iiyunithi moya, umnatha amalungu elinye.

Izithethantonye

Ngenxa yoko, ukufakelwa - ingqiqo ebanzi, ebandakanya amacandelo ezahlukeneyo zezinto ezenziwa luluntu. Ukuqwalasela le mizekelo ingasentla, cinga ntonye zelizwi. Ukuba sithetha malunga psychology of olu qwalaselo, injongo reaction, ezixhasayo, uluvo. Ukuba uthetha malunga nobuchwepheshe, le injini, izixhobo, izixhobo, indlela, umatshini. Xa lwenkqubo le ufakelo.

ulwimi Russian mkhulu yaye unamandla. Ngenxa yokuba akumangalisi ukuba igama elinye "ufakelo" bafumana iintsingiselo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo kumaxabiso azo. Mazingabhidaniswa omnye nomnye. Kakade ke, kuyimfuneko ukuba ukwahlula ngokucacileyo phakathi kwabo na. ukusetyenziswa eyiyo kwamagama yenza kube nzima ukuqhuba kuphela nokuqondana phakathi kwabantu, kodwa ebomini noxolo.