Igama le Dinosaurs. Izithombe ezinamagama

Kwinqanaba ngalinye eloyisile uMhlaba wayekho izilwanyana ezithile, uba uhlobo 'elite' ixesha lakhe. Ezi abantu aba amazwi okugqibela yendaleko, kwakunye kakhulu ogqibeleleyo, eyona ezikrelekrele none- ngalo mzuzu. Kweli nqaku siza kuthetha ngayo iidayinaso - izirhubuluzi, okukhoyo on Earth kwiminyaka million 200 eyadlulayo, okanye ngaphezulu kanye, amagama abo.

Le abenzi bemilingo labalawuli

Igama Dinosaur liguqulelwe ngokusuka kwisiGrike njenge "malovane ezoyikekayo." ezirhubuluzayo yaMandulo benifudula langoku isithsaba indalo, enkcochoyini yophuhliso izirhubuluzi. Ke walawula ibhola kwiminyaka engaphezu kwe million 100, nguyena iinkosi ekuzibonakaliseni ilizwe. Ezi izidalwa baninzi, zahlukile. Akukho umphefumlo ngexesha ayikwazanga azinakufaniswa malovane ezimbi.

Drama imvelaphi, Vuka kunye kukutshabalala iidayinaso yachulumancisa ukuyila uluntu ukususela ngoko, abantu baye bafunda malunga ubukho ekuthiwa-Great Age of Izirhubuluzi. Ezi zilwanyana olusafundayo ngenyameko, ukuqokelela izixhobo bafumana amatye ngakumbi nangakumbi. Ngomhla ezibangela kokufa iidayinaso ubukhosi, kude kube ngoku, zange sakhiwa uluvo olunye, kwaye ngoku kwesi sihloko esoloko ezibengezelayo mpikiswano zenzululwazi.

A bit of KABLOOM

Dinosaurs (imifanekiso kunye namagama thaca kwinqaku), kwakunye nezilwanyana mihla, akukwazeki zesayensi zazivelela. Ukuze ukuba ulahlekile ezahlukeneyo iimpuku, iinyoka, iindlovu, iikati, amasele, amabhungane, Izazi ekugqibeleni zonke izilwanyana bohlulwa ngamaqela ezithile, njengoko bawandlale "ezishelfini". Ngalinye kula maqela idibanisa zidalwa, efana omnye komnye kubume nemvelaphi.

Iqela ezingundoqo nezilwanyana ngohlobo lwazo, Edibanisa nobuninzi abantu ezifanayo. iintlobo Related zib kwisizukulwana, okanye superfamily. Induku, ke, inamathele entsatsheni; usapho - in units; imikhosi - kwiiklasi, kunye neeklasi - kwiintlobo. Umzekelo, iimbono zethu kunye nawe - indoda enengqondo, nto leyo uhlobo babantu usapho iinkawu. Siya kuba umyalelo obeku-, ezincancisayo, yaye bamele iklasi ekuyo okuninzi kwe uhlobo usinga. Nantsi alula!

Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba ngaphandle KABLOOM ukwenze nje akunakwenzeka. Kungenjalo, ungafumana udidekile, ngenxa yokuba ngoku ihlabathi kukho izigidi ezininzi kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zezilwanyana, yinto amoeba, umbungu, kunye ukubhabha, kunye nabantu. Ngokufanayo, Systematics isebenza izirhubuluzi ebizwa Dinosaurs. Iintlobo kunye namagama ezi zidalwa eyayihlala zaphawula ezahlukeneyo, eyahlukileyo kakhulu. Yonke ukubonisa ngokufutshane kakuhle eli ukuziphatha okanye isilwanyana ubomi, kwakunye neempawu kobume bayo.

Nje ungazaphuli ulwimi!

Njengoko umthetho, amagama ezilwanyana ezithile zenzululwazi isandi engaqhelekanga engumshumayeli elula, kwaye abanye babo nzima ukubiza. Oku kuyaqondakala: ngokwemveli bunikezelwa Latin okanye iilwimi zamaGrike. Ngokomzekelo, igama idayinaso ngokuqhelekileyo ibonisa iinkalo isakhiwo sangaphandle ezi izirhubuluzi okanye ulwalamano lwentsapho izilwanyana kwi ingcali (nzulu, wezilwanyana, a paleontologist) wayesazi ngoko nangoko apho uhlobo yena uniphethe.

Le ntlanzi-necilishe kunye Ndiyinkalanzinzi omkhulu

Igama Dinosaurs, kwiimeko ezininzi uyinxenye - "Zavriev": Allosaurus, Brontosaurus, ichthyosaur, Tyrannosaurus, njl Ngokomzekelo, igama "Brontosaurus" liguqulelwe njenge ngxilimbela, licilikishe enkulu (jonga umfanekiso ngezantsi). Ukongeza, Brontesom igama elinye Cyclopes - Anaki Greek ngentsomi. Igama "ichthyosaur" liguqulelwe ulwimi isiGrike njenge "ihtios" intlanzi-necilishe - intlanzi, i "Zavriev" - licilikishe. Kulo mzekelo, igama le isirhubuluzi zaselwandle usibonisa inkangeleko yayo.

Sobakozub

Ngamanye amaxesha amagama malovane embi ukufumana igama elithi "Dont 'okanye' Don '. It bubonakala ngezinyo. Ngokomzekelo, ezinye zezona kakuhle yaziwa eli qela zezi Dinosaurs Cynodont. Oku namacikilishe azizityhakala, ezo iminyanya ezanyisayo mihla. Igama ezi iidayinaso liphuhlisa eyona ngesakhiwo kwenkqubo yamazinyo, kwaye bubonakala sobakozub "tsinos" - dog "Uyez Unokufa" - ngezinyo.

dayinaso flying

Igama iidayinaso wazithabathela esibhakabhakeni, ine- candelo inxalenye engaqhelekanga - dactyl. Liguqulwe lithatyathwa kwigama lesiLatini "daktilos" kuthetha umnwe. Yenkwenkwezi ebhabhayo idayinaso idumileyo, Kakade ke, a pterodactyl. Xa inguqulelo Russian yale paltsekryl: yamandulo lesiGrike elithi "pteron" - le iphiko.

Ngoobani zuhii?

Ngokufuthi igama ledayinaso ubandakanya igama elingaqhelekanga "zuhiya". Enyanisweni, apha kakhulu, akukho nto kunzima. Le nxalenye candelo lidla ifakiwe kwisihloko izirhubuluzi zokubasa: mesosuchia, eozuhiya, pseudosuchian, pastozuhiya njl Ngoko ke uthambise iingwenya zamandulo okanye izilwanyana ezifana phezu kwabo, njengoko igama elithi "zuhos" Greek yamandulo - ukrebe.

Tiran phakathi Dinosaurs

Kakade ke, akunakwenzeka ukuba ngoyaba iidayinaso zehlabathi kakhulu ithandwa - Tyrannosaurus Rex. Yena kunye nezalamane zakhe - a Dinosaurs karhataka. Amagama ala izirhubuluzi bathetha ukongama zabo phezu kwezinye izilwanyana, ngokungathi ngokubekwa ezi malovane. Igama elithi "Tyrannosaurus" liguqulelwe ulwimi isiGrike njengoko cikilishe-Nkosi "tiranos" - nkosi, nkosi.

umthi Family izirhubuluzi

Njengoko usazi, izirhubuluzi bamele iklasi eyahlukileyo ekuyo zahlulwe subclasses ezahlukeneyo. Le yamandulo kakhulu kwaye iqela kakhulu abangekaphuhli izirhubuluzi i anapsid subclass. Paleontologists ziye zagqiba ukuba akukho anapsid ummeli akazange aphile ngokuvisisana kwixesha langoku, nabokugqibela abameli babo icinyiwe nokuba 200 yezigidi kwiminyaka eyadlulayo!

Ukususela anapsid ingcambu isebe bahlukana, ebizwa Synapsid. Le subclass ye ezirhubuluzayo yamandulo, paleontologists zithetha ookhokho bethu - iminyanya ezanyisayo mihla, apho umntu akhoyo. Ngelishwa, Synapsid kwakhona icinyiwe, yaye akazange aphile ngokuvisisana zebhola inzala yakhe.

Le yenye subclass izirhubuluzi yamandulo, wahlukana esisekweni yamandulo buti - subclass anapsid. Eli sebe wohlulwe abanye ababini - archosaurs kunye lepidosauria. Iqela lokuqala luquka iingwenya, iidayinaso ophaphazelayo, nomhlaba, kwaye yesibini - basekhona tuatara usaphila, namacilikishe ndyoka. Ngu lepidosauria sele extinct zasemanzini dinosaur iintamo elide, nabizelwa plesiosaurs.