Iingcango zomlilo: Standard kunye neentlobo

Doors emakhayeni abo uluntu isebenzisa kangangeenkulungwane ezininzi. Noko ke, ukuba phambi kokuba le nto iye bujolise kuphela ukukhusela indlu ekuhlaselweni bangaphandle, kodwa ngoku imisebenzi emnyango zidla ngokuba banzi kakhulu. Kwaye enye yezinto ezibalulekileyo - ukuba ngumqobo emlilweni. Modern iingcango umlilo (GOST, iimfuno zalo ezisisiseko kunye nezindululo iya kuxoxwa kamva) unako ubuncinane ekulibaziseni ixesha elalana bamalangatye evulekileyo gumbi, ngaloo ndlela unika abantu ithuba lokuba ashiye kwisakhiwo okanye, ukuba oko kunokwenzeka, linda uncedo ngaphandle kwi inkonzo yomlilo. Eyona engcono ukuba umlilo uyilo emnyango - amadangatye block kwigumbi elivuthayo ngaphambi kokufika iinkonzo zokulwa umlilo.

imithetho basic

Imiqathango esisiseko elawula iimfuno iingcango umlilo - GOST. Namhlanje, amaxwebhu emininzi enjalo, yaye ngamnye kubo sichaza parameters ezithile zoyilo emnyango.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo xa kukhethwa iingcango iimpawu ezichaza umlilo ungquzulwano. Xa ukumakisha izakhiwo lichazele aljibra ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• "E" - imbonakalo neentanda emnyango, okanye ukulahleka ingqibelelo lobume lonke ithuba emlilweni ngqo emva kwexesha elimiselweyo sexesha. Umzekelo, "E30" kuthetha ukuba intshabalalo iya kuqalisa emva kwemizuzu engama-30 olulophu.
• «Mna» - iipropati ilahleko okanye ubushushu yokutsha izinto zokwambathisa ezikhoyo.
• «R» - umda izinto ezibonisa ingqibelelo legqatyana emnyango. Emva kwexesha elithile uqala deformation okanye kwintshabalalo.

Types of kweminyango umlilo

Phambi kokuba ukumisa ukhetho kwi naluphi na ukhetho mnye, kubalulekile ukufunda ngenyameko abo benza ezi ntlobo ze iingcango umlilo. GOST, isniphu, okanye amanye amaxwebhu asemthethweni alawula ukuhlelwa lwezoyilo umnyango ezintathu.

• Relative ukuba izinto ukusuka apho kwenziwe, iingcango singenziwa ngomthi, intsimbi, neglasi (le yokugqibela Kulula kakhulu njengoko kubonakala umthombo amadangatye omlilo ubunzulu).
• zingenziwa abangatshatanga kunye kabini iingcango Uhlobo-mlilo.
• Ngokutsho neqondo yokumelana iingcango emlilweni 3 iintlobo - 1st, 2 and 3.

Xa imveliso iimveliso ezifana iingcango emlilweni, GOST ilawula iimfuno zobugcisa kuxhomekeke nayiphi na iingcango njengesiqhelo, yaye ukongezelela koko abeke phambili iimfuno phezu parameters ukumelana nomlilo, umlo ilangatye. Le ongundoqo ixesha lokuba isakhiwo kufuneka kufudunyezwe kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu kunye fusible ngakumbi. Ukongeza, ukusuka ubushushu deformation ephakamileyo kufuneka ibhekiswe ngaphandle okanye ngaphakathi.

zobukhulu

market ukwakhiwa Namhlanje a lot of abenzi ukuvelisa iingcango umlilo. Ubukhulu GOST R53303-2009 ilawula hlobo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, xa ukumelana umlilo kuvavanywa nayiphi na enye ubukhulu ethile emnyango umenzi. Iziphumo zeemvavanyo echazwe protocol kule modeli sisebenza phantsi nokumelana ezithile zobukhulu, esisusela ekwandisweni + 10% ukuya -30% ububanzi ubude. Ukusondeza kuyenzeka ukuya ku-5 cm kwicala okukhulu ukuya kwi-10 cm ngaphantsi.

Ngamafutshane, le nomvelisi iingcango umlilo GOST ivumela ukuvelisa ukutenxa ye + 10% ukuya -30% ubungakanani emnyango, nto leyo iye ihlolwe futhi.

Sele amasango okanye iingcango kodwa?

Yintoni design ubukhulu nga kuthathelwa ingqalelo i okwenziwe ngemigca exweseneyo umlilo? Kuthekani ubungakanani kwiminyango ithi, xa iingcango umlilo efakiweyo namasango? Standard uchaza ukuba ziyilwa njani na nemilinganiselo ingundoqo (kwimarike iimveliso ziqinisekisiweyo aziyi kuba nako ukunika iimveliso kunye imilinganiselo ezinkulu okanye ezincinane) kunye iingcango eziqinisekisiweyo evela kumenzi ethile. Ukususela ekuqaleni ubukhulu isakhelo iqala emnyango, ecaleni kwe -30% ukuya isakhiwo kunye nemilinganiso zincinane isigqibo ingongoma utshintsho ukusuka emnyango ukuya izivingco. A Ukulungiswa + 10% ukuya emnyango kunye imilinganiso inkulu iya kumisela mzuzu utshintsho kweminyango kwesango.

indawo yokufaka kunokwenzeka

Ukufakelwa iingcango umlilo (GOST kunye isniphu siqulathe ulwazi olupheleleyo) kunokwenzeka kuphela kwiindawo ezithile. Ekubeni njongo iphambili izakhiwo ezinjalo - zokhuselo lomlilo lwabantu kunye nepropati, iingongoma eziphambili lowo kwindawo kuthathwa iindawo nokonyuka ingozi yomlilo. kwishishini le ngingqi kukuba izitora, iikhorido, swi engundoqo kulawulo lweshishini elo. Kwizakhiwo ofisi iyavakala ukufaka loo iingcango apho amaxwebhu ezibalulekileyoName.

izinto efakiwe

Ngokutsho uninzi abasebenzisi, bahlupheka kakhulu ukumelana nomlilo door umlilo yesinyithi. GOST - uxwebhu olusisiseko umgangatho - inyanzelisa ukusetyenziswa ngenxa ukwenziwa kwibakala ngentsimbi exutyiweyo. Imfuneko yokusebenzisa iikhompawundi non-eziyityhefu kunye nezinto eliyinjubaqa njengoko Ipeyinti kunye usambathisa. Olwaneleyo nolubalulekileyo ekuya kuthi yaye uyasikhusela esihle emlilweni kwaye iinkuni iingcango umlilo, pre-buzane iikhompawundi ezikhethekileyo imenza komlilo.

Ngokubanzi, ubugcisa bale mihla kwenza kube lula ukwenza isicelo nokuveliswa iingcango, iiprofayili aluminiyam kunye lokubolekwa yokugcina thermal, multi-umaleko yeglasi engangenwa. Ngokuqhelekileyo, izakhiwo sixhaswe profiles aluminiyam babonelelwa ifanitshala esemgangathweni ophezulu.

Eyona engundoqo amanqanaba ngokwenziwa yeengcango

Le nkqubo kwezobuchwepheshe ngesiqhelo ekwi ngezigaba ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• izinto ziza kwenziwa kamva yoyilo emnyango avavanywa kuwo;
• izinto ezisisiseko uyilo enziwa ngokuhambelana ngqongqo nemigangatho GOST;
• iingcango umlilo GOST 30247.0-94 lithethelela ukuveza zonke iintlobo iimvavanyo.

ilementi yoyilo ngamnye uneempawu zawo ezithile. Ukuvelisa isakhelo ucango kusetyenziswa ngentsimbi iprofayile bent. Ngokwenkcukacha, kunyanzelekile phambi zisembundwini wawo. izibambo zenziwa ngentsimbi wawutyabeka kunye sisincoko ekhethekileyo Polymer, nto leyo eza kuvula ixesha nokuba kwafuneka ukushushubeza emnyango. Ityala lock kufuneka ezingatshiyo. Kuba nokuveliswa yeencindi kusetyenziswa insimbi.

Kwaphuhliswa yaye zisetyenziswa kakhulu ekwenziweni iingcango iteknoloji ekhethekileyo ngentsimbi izicelo zokwambathisa fillers, iteyiphu thermal, kwandiswa ukusuka umsi ashushu, ukuba irabha ezitywine umsi ebandayo.

Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiye ilayisenisi ukufaka emnyango?

Phambi kokuba unike kuqala kwinkampani ethile ukwenzela ufakelo iingcango umlilo, kuyimfuneko ukuba ufumanise ukuba kufuneka ilayisenisi umsebenzi onjalo enoba. Ekubeni lo msebenzi kufuneka wenziwe ziingcali kunye nomgangatho ophezulu, iphepha-mvume, kakade, kuyimfuneko. Ngexa client akafane abone isethi epheleleyo mvume, akuthandeki ukuba sithembele ngokupheleleyo umabi. Kunikezelo olu hlobo nezibambiso ababandakanyeka inkonzo yomlilo. Kamva, le sakhiwo (isikhululo mlilo) kufuneka umkhondo, ngokomgangatho ukuthi ukusebenza eyenziwa yi ukufakelwa iingcango umlilo, ukuba zonke iimfuneko kunye iinkcukacha ezichazwe CCITT kunye SNP waphawula.

Zonke iimfuno, ke, ukuba yahlulwe kabini: zomthetho kunye nezo umthengi ubeka kahle.

Iimfuno zamaxwebhu zolawulo (GOST, isniphu)

Imimiselo elawula ufakelo lweendibano ucango lomlilo, ayikho. Noko ke, kuba ufakelo aqhelekileyo yeengcango zentsimbi kunye ezithile bokuqonda kunye awohluke yolu xwebhu liphuhlise sele, kwaye oko - GOST. Ukufakelwa iingcango umlilo kufuneka kwenziwe iiankile zokwakha sangqa ubuncinane-10 mm. Umgama phakathi iziqalelo lokuvala osecaleni - hayi ngaphantsi kwe-700 mm. Awuphathe isakhiwo emnyango kufuneka ukuzicwangcisa usebenzisa isixhobo se inqanaba kunye ilothe. Ukutenxa nezamazembe le bhokisi ukuba akukho ngaphezulu kwe-1.5 mm-1 m ubude nganye. unit Door kufuneka sifakwe ukuvulwa uzilungiselele symmetrically kuthelekiswa ukuvulwa nkqo. amalungu Ukwakhiwa izikhewu kufuneka igcwaliswe amagwebu.

iimfuno nguMthengi umabi

Okokuqala, yinto iphakheji eziyimfuneko zamaxwebhu. Ezi ziquka:

• uxwebhu enika ilungelo lokwenza umsebenzi ekufakelweni kwezinto iingcango lomlilo (ilayisensi);
• Isiqinisekiso ukhuseleko emlilweni ;
• ulinikele emnyango.

Kuyimfuneko ukuba ucango kakuhle oluhlengahlengisiweyo kufutshane, amandla ekufuneka ibe ucango self-wokuvala. Kuyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa ukuba ekhethekileyo non-ukutsha yayisetyenziselwa ukufakelwa zokulwa umlilo amagwebu. Yenza kube lula ngokwaneleyo, kuba inombala epinki. Le amagwebu nawuphi na umbala kufuneka itshintshwe. Iyafumaneka zokuhlaziya kufuneka ibe yindawo apho parameters iingcango eziphambili kunye nomakhi wayo. Ngaphezu koko, lo ucango lomlilo metal (GOST ingenayo ingcaciso) kufuneka uvumelane snugly le bhokisi. Eziphawulekayo ukuze isishwankathelo olubonakalayo lomdlalo - ukuba umsebenzi mgangathweni ukufaka ucango. Irabha itywina kufuneka zixinaniswe kancinci. Umbala kufuneka uniform, intumescent tape baxhoma ngokomgangatho, kwaye ucango kufuneka ivalwe closers ngaphandle amaqhuma.

Ukuba agents yanelisekile, oko esayinwa isenzo kokufaka ucango.

Sebenzisa and Care

Ukunyamekela ucango lomlilo akukho eyahlukileyo kwinkonzo kuyilo eqhelekileyo, oko azilawulwa yi GOST. iingcango umlilo Wooden, kanye nentsimbi, kufuneka isetyenziswe umphefumlo wathi. Afaneleke ezakhiwe indawo, umsebenzi wayo ophambili kuzaliseka ebudeni umlilo. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, ucango dismantle nefakiweyo omnye.