Iingxaki zeMosoblbank: ukurhoxiswa kwelayisenisi. Yintoni eya kwenzeka kwibhankini?

Emuva ngo-1992, phantsi kwegama elithi "Vatan" eDagestan, ibhanki yenziwa, eyagqithwa yaya kuthi idluliselwe kwisixeko saseFranszino, kuMmandla waseMoscow. Emva koko kwabizwa ngokuba nguMosoblbank. NgoNovemba 2011, i-Central Bank yaseRashiya yavimbela ukuba amkele iiphozithi kubantu abangenawo abanini-nxaxheba bebhanki ezintandathu kwiinyanga. Kodwa leziko lemali liye lagqitha le myalelo. Yinike isabelo ngasinye isabelo sayo, ngaphandle kokuchazela nabani na okwenzekayo kuMosoblbank.

Ukuqala kweengxaki

Ukuphuculwa kobutyebi bebhanki, eyafunyanwa ngokubonga ngokuphakamisa iimali, ukhangela ingqalelo kwiBhanki Ephakathi YaseRussia kunye ne-arhente, eqinisekisa ukhuseleko lweentlawulo. Ngomhla kaJanuwari 2012, kwaqala ukuqinisekiswa okukhulu, okwangokunceda ukuchonga ezi ngcikivo. Emva koko, i-bhanki yaqhubeka ikhangisa imali yabathengi, iwanikela enye yeerhafu ezikhangayo. Ngo-2013, uMosoblbank, ngokukodwa kweempapasho ezigunyazisiweyo, wakwazi ukungena kwiibhanki ezithembekileyo ezingama-30.

Kodwa ekuqaleni kukaMeyi 2014 kumaphephandaba kwakukho ulwazi malunga ne-ruble ezigidi ezingama-60 eziye zaxothwa kwii-akhawunti, kuba ezi zicwangciso zobuqhetseba zisetyenzisiwe. Nangona ukuba ulawulo lufake umgwebo ukukhusela idumela, iingxaki zeMosoblbank sele ziqalisile. Ngo-Meyi 19, kwaziwa ukuba i-CBR ithathe isigqibo malunga nemfuneko yokungenelela kwimicimbi yebhanki. Sekunjalo nge-21 kwinyanga leyo, kwenziwa isigqibo sokwenza inkqubo yokubuyiselwa kwayo.

Iinqunto ze-Bypass

Ekuqaleni kokuqala kuka-2013, uMosoblbank wanikezwa umyalelo wokuthintela imisebenzi - kwakungenakwenzeka ukuba avule amasebe amatsha kwiinyanga ezintathu, kwaye kwinyanga ezintandathu imisebenzi yakhe kunye nabantu bemvelo kunye nemali yayinqandekile. Nangona kunjalo, ulawulo lweziko lezemali lenza inkqubo ekhethekileyo, ngenxa yamabali amabini agcinwa, kwakukho amaphepha amabhalansi afanayo. Oko kukuthi, yonke imisebenzi yayifihla kwiBhanki Ephakathi YaseRussia, iingxaki zeMosoblbank zifihla ixesha elide.

Ngenxa yoko, le nkampani yezemali yakwazi ukutsala iibhiliyoni eziyi-100 kubantu bayo kwiingxelo zayo. Ewe, i-1/5 kuphela yale mali yayibonakala kwiingxelo ezinikeziwe. Kukunzima ukuqonda ukuba ziphi iimali ezisele. Imali ityalwe kwiinkampani zenkxaso, kwiikliniki, kumashishini athile. Ibhanki yayineemitha ezili-70 zeekhilomitha ezili-1. I-real estate kwi-capital kunye nemimandla, izabelo ezinkulu zomhlaba, izindlu ezinentliziyo yaseMoscow.

Izizathu zokucoceka

Abaninzi ngelo xesha kwakubonakala ngathi akukho nto yokulungisa zonke iingxaki zeMosoblbank, kwakulula kakhulu ukurhoxisa ilayisenisi yakhe. Kodwa abanini beli ziko batyalomali imali ebiwe kwiimpahla ezinzima ukuphumeza. I-arhente, ejongene nokubuyiswa kweentlawulo zabantu, kufuneka zibuyele kwiifomethi inani elincinci kwiiruble - eziyi-100 ezigidigidi, kwaye akunakwenzeka ukuba ihlawule.

Yingakho ukugcina imali kwagqitywa ukuba kungcono ukuhlambulula iMosoblbank. Ukukhutshwa kwelayisenisi kwakungekho kwisithuba sokusombulula zonke iingxaki. Kodwa kwinkqubo yokubuyisa ulawulo lwalelwa ukuba kubuyisele ixabiso kwixabiso lemali.

Inkqubo yokulungiswa kwakhona

Ngokwezigqibo zeCentral Bank yaseRashiya, iBhanki ye-SMP kufuneka ijongane nenkqubo yokubuyiselwa kweziko lemali elikhathazayo. Uya kusebenza kunye ne-arhente ebandakanyekayo kwi-inshurensi ye-deposit. Ngendlela, iBhanki ye-SMP ayiphathiswe yile nkampani yezimali kuphela, kodwa nayo i-Inversionbank kunye ne-Bhanki-yeBhanki yezeMali. Abanikazi bamaziko onke beentsapho zaseMalchevsky.

Ukuqhuba inkqubo yokubuyiselwa, iBhanki ye-SMP, eyabakho abazalwana baseRonghenberg, icebole umbolekisi we-rubliki ezingama-98.6 zesiRashiya iminyaka elilishumi. Ngaphantsi kwesicwangciso se-CBR, zonke iingxaki ze-Mosoblbank kwafuneka zixazululwe emva kokuba iBhanki ye-SMP ibe neengxenye ezaneleyo zokwenza izigqibo ezibalulekileyo.

Enyanisweni, i-sanator ingathanda ukubona ukuba ibhanki ekuqaleni kwenkqubo yokubuyisela yayilungile, kuba ibhanki inenani elininzi lamatyala kunye nexabiso elibi, iindleko ezininzi eziye zagqithiswa. Kodwa, ngakolunye uhlangothi, iBhanki ye-SMP ibhale iziqinisekiso ezivela kubanye abanini-mali abanamalungelo aseMosoblbank malunga nokuba khona kwepropati yabo, engayifumana inxalenye yeembopheleleko.

Ukugqitywa kwabathengi

Ewe, emva kokufunda ngeengxaki, abatyali-zimali baqala ukuzibuza ukuba kuya kwenzeka ntoni kuMosoblbank. Ngokutyalomali kwizinga elikhangayo, baqala ukwesaba ukuba abayi kukwazi ukubuyisela imali yabo. Uninzi kunje, abatshababelo abasandul 'ukuvela baqala ukuxhalabisa. Xa kuvula idiphozi, abasebenzi bebhanki banikezelwa ukuthenga izabelo zeli ziko, ngokwelo cwangciso, malunga ne-3% yenani labo lilonke lithengiswa. Kwaye i-97% ine-SMP Bank. Abemi batyiswa kakhulu kukuba akukho mntu unyanzelekile ukuthenga izabelo ezithengwa ngabanye.

Kodwa abatyalo-mali abaqhelekileyo abanalo izizathu ezikhethekileyo zokukhathazeka. Iingxaki zeMosoblbank zicetyiswa ngokukhawuleza, iintlawulo kwiziko lemali sele liqalisile.

Yeka imisebenzi

Isizathu esona sizathu sokuba abathengi banomdla kwizinto ezenzeka kuMosoblbank kukumiswa kwexeshana kwintlawulo kunye nokukhutshwa kweentlawulo. Nangona kunjalo, ayizange ihlale ixesha elide, ngoJuni imisebenzi yaqalisa kwakhona. Nangona kunjalo, abathengi abaninzi banamava ngokungenangqiqo ngenxa yokuvalwa kweefisi zebhetri. Akunandaba nokuba yeyiphi idibansi yebhanki idiphozithi yavulwa, imali iya kubuyiselwa kwiiyunithi eziqhotyoshelweyo ezifanelekileyo.

Kwaye umthengi akafanele adibana neengxaki eMosoblbank, banokukhetha nayiphi na iofisi efanelekileyo (nangona kufuneka ukuba ibe kwisebe elifanayo). Wonke ummi unokutshintsha indawo yenkonzo yakhe kwisicelo.

Amashishini eShishini

Ukuqhelanisa umsebenzi we-sanatorium, kwenziwa inkqubo ekhethekileyo, ekufuneka ikhokelwe nguMosoblbank. Iingxaki namhlanje, ngokuqinisekileyo, zihleli, kodwa inkqubo yokubuyisela iya kunceda ukuhlala le nkampani yezemali kwimarike. Ibhanki ithe yaqalisa ishedyuli yomsebenzi okhethekileyo, obonelela, kunye neyiphi imali, imali inokunikezelwa kwiifomethi.

Siyabulela kwinkqubo elandelwe kwangaphambili yokukhupha idizithi kunye nokunciphisa intlawulo yansuku zonke, ulawulo lufuna ukukhusela ukuphazamiseka nokukhusela abemi ukuba bakhuphe yonke imali ekhoyo kwiakhawunti zabo. Kwakhona kwi-bhanki ephazamisayo, uluhlu lwamaphepha okubonelelwa ngenkokhelo luchazwe. Ngoko ulawulo lufuna ukukhusela isikhungo sezemali esilawulwayo kwiimangalo ezibonakalayo ezivela kubemi abangenangqiqo abafuna ukuxhamla imeko ebalulekileyo apho uMosoblbank ikhoyo khona. Iingxaki zango-2014 ziye zachaphazela abaninzi, kuba ngokupheleleyo, unabalimi abangaphezu kwama-300.

Inkqubo yokufumana imali

Ulawulo lwexeshana lweMosoblbank luthi imali ihlawulwa kwiiofisi zeofisi ngomhla wokupapashwa. Kodwa ekusebenzeni oko kuvela ukuba ukuhlawulwa kungcono ukushiya isicelo kunye nokuvuma kwangaphambili imali kunye nomhla wokufumana kwayo. Usuku alufumaneki ngaphezu kwamawaka ayi-100. Inani elikhulu liya kukhutshwa kwizitofu.

Ukufumana inkokhelo kwi-ruble kwisixa seminyaka eyi-100 kwanele ukubonisa ipasipoti. Ukufumana imali engaphezu komda ochaziweyo, kufuneka unikeze isivumelwano sokuqala esangenwe nebhanki, kunye namaxwebhu angayifaka idiphozithi yemali. Kodwa kwimeko apho umxhasi ufuna ukuhoxisa amawaka angaphezu kwama-700 kwiakhawunti ebhankini, ngoko kufuneka alungise onke amaxwebhu achazwe ngasentla, afake kwaye alungele ukulinda iintsuku ezimbalwa. Musa ukukhathazeka malunga noko kuza kwenzeka kuMosoblbank, kwaye ucinge ukuba kutheni anganikeli yonke iminikelo ngexesha. Inani elikhulu likhutshwa ngokuthe ngcembe, ukufumana imali epheleleyo kuya kufuneka ifike kwibhanki eziliqela.

Iinkalo zemisebenzi ngexesha lobunzima

Ukuqwalasela ukuba iBhanki Ephakathi yenza isigqibo malunga nokubuyiselwa kweliziko lemali, abathengi bayaqhubeka bezisebenzisayo iinkonzo zebhanki. Ngenhlanhla i-sanatoriums, abaninzi abazange bahlukane neentlanzi kwaye abazange baphule ngokukhawuleza izivumelwano ze-deposit, ngokwenza kube nzima ukuba imeko i-Mosoblbank ibe khona. Iingxaki ze-2014 azizange zichaphazele umsebenzi omkhulu. Uyaqhubeka nokutsala iifomethi kumntu ngamnye, nangona ixabiso lentengo lihlaziywe ngulawulo olutsha ngokubhekiselele ekunciphiseni. Kususela ngoJuni, ikhomishoni yaziswa ukuba ifumane iibhilikhwe zokuncedisa kwisilinganiso se-1%.

Okwangoku, abantu banikezwa ngemboleko, kwaye ngoJuni 2014 banikezelwa ngama-35% ngaphezu kwexesha elifanayo kunyaka ophelileyo. Enyanisweni, ukukhutshwa kwemali-mboleko kumashishini angomthetho akukahlaziywa, nangona ukulungiswa kwemali kunye neenkonzo zemali zenziwa ngexabiso elifanayo njengoko ngaphambi kokuqala kweengxaki.

Kwixesha elizayo, ulawulo lwexeshana lindele ukulwandisa isiseko sabathengi baseJSCB Mosoblbank. Ukukhutshwa kwelayisenisi ayingozi kubo ngelixa beqhubeka nokuqhuba i-sanation efanelekileyo. Ibhanki iceba ukuphucula umgangatho weenkonzo kwiindidi ezahlukahlukeneyo zabantu kunye nemibutho esemthethweni, ukwandisa umthamo wemisebenzi yonke, ukunciphisa iindleko ezikhoyo kunye nokuphucula izinga lokulawula kwalo. Kodwa akucetywanga ukuqhuba inkqubo yokujoyina kwamanye amaqumrhu okanye ukudibana namanye amabhanki.