Iinkqubo kunye nezixhobo of Chemical Technology

inkqubo yemichiza Modern ibandakanya ukukhuhlana, lityumza, ukuthuthwa izinto ezahlukeneyo. Inxenye ke kubo atyekela processing ekwimo zetoti, oluthi luqokelelane eluthulini kunye nomoya kunye nenkqubo iigesi emoyeni. Cinga isiseko esisiso yeteknoloji weekhemikhali, esetyenziswa ngoku kwimveliso.

Izixhobo ukucocwa izinto sukube

In amasuntswana othuli indawo kwindawo ephakamileyo zizonke, ngenxa yoko, ababonisa kuqinisa umsebenzi eziphilayo imichiza. Kwezinye izinto ngohlobo Aero, iipropati amatsha, umzekelo, baye bakwazi umlilo ngokuzenzekelayo. Kukho iingcinga ezahlukeneyo ubugcisa iyeza nokucoca ukusuka ezivelisa izinto sukube ezahlukahlukeneyo ngobukhulu kunye amasuntswana ifomu nothuli.

Nangona kukho umahluko omkhulu kuyilo, umgaqo amanyathelo kwabo kusekelwe phezu weighted kwisigaba ukulibaziseka.

Inkanyamba kunye pyleosaditelnye camera

Ngokuhlalutya iintlobo ngeentlobo iinkqubo kunye nezixhobo zobugcisa lwekhemikhali, kugxininisa iqela izixhobo uthuli-njengokubukela, ezibandakanya:

• Abaqokeleli uthuli rotary;
• iinkanyamba;
• model zhalyuznye;
• ikhamera pyleosaditelnye.

Phakathi ezilungileyo ezi zixhobo, siphawula ukuba benolungelelwano yoyilo zabo, ngoko ke ziveliswa sithenge ezizodwa.

Njengoko izixhobo ezinjalo thabatha iingcali waphawula ukusebenza asanelanga, imfuneko kwakhona ukucoca-. Zonke iintlobo izixhobo zokususa uthuli asebenza ngokusekelwe imikhosi centrifugal, amandla kunye nesantya yokulahlwa kwe nothuli.

Umzekelo, imichiza sulphuric technology acid lemveliso classical lubandakanya ukusetyenziswa nkanyamba zokususa ubumdaka ukusuka gas ziko wambumba ngexesha calcination of pyrite. Gas, oluqulathe amasuntswana of calcine (triiron tetraoxide), engena nkanyamba ngokusebenzisa amanzi esatsiba ekhethekileyo tangential, ngoko lijikeleza ngasezindongeni obusezintongeni ezo apparatus. Nokwanda yokulahlwa kwe uthuli lwenziwa kwi hopper yokuqokelelwa eluthulini, kwaye irhasi nyulu iqukuqela phezulu, ecaleni ungena izixhobo ngokusebenzisa tube engundoqo.

Inkqubo imichiza ibandakanya ukusetyenziswa nkanyamba xa ku kwisiphumo se into sukube ayibeki iimfuno eziphakamileyo.

izixhobo wokutyula

inkqubo emanzi kushishino mihla igqalwa enye iifom kakhulu ngempumelelo elula zonyango berhasi mveliso evela amasuntswana ezahlukeneyo lunqunyanyisiwe. Iinkqubo kunye kwezixhobo zobugcisa ngemichiza ezinxulumene nokucocwa emanzi yeegesi, ngoku imfuno kuphela lomthonyama kodwa kwishishini langaphandle. Ukongeza izinto ezithile, baye bakwazi ukufaka amacandelo igesi kunye nomphunga i ezinciphisa umgangatho mveliso.

Kukho icandelo izixhobo ezifana ngentende ngeembambo, isiponji bubble, nangxola kunye neendidi centrifugal.

Disintegrator iquka plane kunye stator babonelelwa vanes guide okhethekileyo. Ulwelo zifakwa plane ujikeleza phakathi nemilomo. Ngenxa umlambo igesi ihamba phakathi engubo stator kunye plane, sokusila ikhutshwa phandle ngamathontsi ahlukeneyo, nto leyo qha ukwanda kwentlanganisela yeegesi kulwelo ubambisa amasuntswana. Ngenxa centrifugal uthuli amandla waphoswa ezindongeni zendlu kwisixhobo, uze imveliso ngoko, kwaye izinto okuhlamba sukube eyele unit zilandelayo, okanye ekhutshelwa kwi-atmosfera.

ubunzulu lokucoca ulwelo

Amaxesha amaninzi technology chemical ibandakanya ukuphunyezwa kwezinto wokucoca kwiindonga ezizodwa amazwe. Le ndlela busenza ukuba iqondo eliphezulu lokuhlanjululwa yi ezahlukeneyo amasuntswana emsebenzini, kunjalo aneentunja izihluzi imfuno kwishishini yemichiza ye.

Ububi yabo ingqalelo imfuneko yokuba indawo eyondeleleneyo macandelo filter kunye nezithuthi ezinkulu ubukhulu.

Amacebo okucoca kwezoshishino nohlulwe kwiiklasi granular nelaphu. Ezi nkundla ke zenzelwe zokuhlanjululwa kwezinto mveliso sukube ukuba xi ophezulu kwisigaba saa. Ukuze enze ukususwa ngamaxesha ze amasuntswana amaninzi izixhobo lokuzivuselela baxhotyiswa izixhobo ezikhethekileyo.

iimpawu yokuhluza

technology chemical Thin enxulumene ukucocwa iimveliso zepetroliyam evela ukungcola koomatshini nokufuma, livela kwiinkqubo lokuhluza.

Phakathi kwabo iinkqubo kwezixhobo asetyenziswa okwangoku kushishino petrochemical ke, wabuya wachacha yi ukuhluza ngokusebenzisa izahlulelo coalescing, ultrasound. Kunye umahluli centrifugal, izihluzi coalescing, iinkqubo neentlenge, sigaba pre-lokucoca yenziwa.

Ukuze aphumeze ioli ngokuhlanjululwa entsonkothileyo njengangoku lusetyenziselwa kuqamba aneentunja polymeric njengoko umbandela lokucoca ulwelo.

Yaba impumelelo yabo, uqinile, ukuthembeka, ngoko ke ukusetyenziswa eziqhelekileyo kakhulu technology imichiza.

izihluzi zombane

iinkqubo Chemical ekuvelisweni lobuchwepheshe acid sulphuric lubandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwale device ethile. Ukusebenza zokucoca olunikezelweyo ukusuka 90 ukuya 99,9 ekhulwini. amacebo Electrostatic ngayo kumgibe ulwelo amasuntswana okuqinileyo ezohlukeneyo ngobukhulu, izixhobo umsebenzi kwi lobushushu kuluhlu degrees 400-5000 Celsius.

Ngenxa neendleko eziphantsi zokusebenza zezi zixhobo ziye zafumana ukwanda kakhulu kwishishini kwemichiza mihla. Phakathi iintsilelo ezinkulu izixhobo efanayo, ukubeka iindleko zokuqala enkulu ukwakhiwa kwayo, kwakunye nemfuneko ngokwephanyazo enkulu yokuwafakela.

Ngokwemeko-kwezoqoqosho lwembono, kufuneka zisetyenziswe ngexesha unyango imiqulu ezibalulekileyo, kungenjalo ukusetyenziswa precipitators electrostatic iya kuba umsebenzi eninzi.

lwekontraka

Chemistry nobugcisa yemichiza kubandakanya ukusetyenziswa koomatshini ezahlukeneyo kunye nezixhobo. Olu qambo nje isixhobo zoqhagamshelwano elungiselelwe ekuqhubeni iinkqubo encedisa ukuqalisa imisebenzi. Ngokomzekelo, indlela igcwala ngayo sulphur oxide (4) kweli sulphur dioxide, nto leyo yenye amanyathelo zemveliso kwe-sulphuric acid.

Ngenxa isantya, i ebabusisakha-igesi udlula umaleko ngumnxibelelanisi elahliweyo kwi izahlulelo ezithile. Ngenxa izixhobo zoqhagamshelwano yandiswa ngokubonakalayo ukusebenza kweyunithi igcwala zokuphosa lula isondlo.

Special engobozini abasusekayo ukuba umaleko ibakhusela kuvala yenza indawo ngaphandle naziphi na iingxaki ezithile.

weziko

Le izixhobo lisetyenziswa ukuveliswa kwe-sulphuric acid evela pyrites zentsimbi. asabela Chemical kusenzeka lobushushu 700 ° C. Ngenxa kumgaqo miso, ezibandakanya flow ephambana air oksijini pyrite nesinyithi, into ebizwa ngokuba yi-bed fluidized. Umongo kukuba amasuntswana izimbiwa zilungiswe ngokufanayo yi volume ioksijini, oqinisekisa umgangatho ophezulu abapasa inkqubo igcwala.

Emva kokugqitywa kwenkqubo igcwala, kubangela "amakhandlela" (intsimbi oxide) iwela kwindawo hopper ekhethekileyo, ukusuka apho luthe lwancothulwa ngamathuba athile. Oku kubangela-eziko igesi (sulphur oxide 4) ithunyelwe ukuhlanjululwa eluthulini, ngoko womile.

kilns Modern esetyenziswa kwishishini kwemichiza ke, unga nciphisa ngokubaluleka ilahleko iimveliso reaction, kwangaxeshanye ukunyusa umgangatho kwi-eziko igesi.

Ukuze kukhawuleziswe inkqubo igcwala of pyrite kwi neziko badubula, ekuvelisweni kwezinto acid yokuqala sulphuric yi preliminarily emhlabeni.

Shahtennye somlilo

zamandla ezinjalo ziquka amaziko nokuphalazeka kwelifu, oyinxalenye sisiseko kushishino ngentsimbi ye. Intlawulo iwela eziko, adibane kunye feed mpilo mingxuma, uze okupholisa kuthi kwesinyithi olwenziweyo.

iinguqulelo ezahlukeneyo izixhobo ezo lusetyenzisiwe ekusetyenzweni kuphela ngentsimbi, kodwa nezentsimbi ekrwada zobhedu, kuqhutywe iikhompawundi calcium.

isiphelo

Kunzima ukuba nomfanekiso ubomi ngokupheleleyo zomntu mihla ngaphandle ukusetyenziswa kwazo imveliso yemveliso chemical. Ishishini imichiza, yena, akakwazi ukusebenza kakuhle ngaphandle kokusebenzisa automated kwaye zomatshini ubugcisa, ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezizodwa. Okwangoku, ishishini yemichiza yiseti oluntsonkothileyo izixhobo kunye noomatshini ukuba enzelwe umchiza-emzimbeni nemichiza iinkqubo, izixhobo ezenzekelayo ukuba bapakishe iimveliso ezithutha.

Phakathi oomatshini ezinkulu bezixhobo zesayensi, ethandwa kwimveliso ezinjalo, uyazimela abo ezivumela ukwanda kwindawo osebenzela zenkqubo, ukuze baphumeze ucoco ezikumgangatho ophezulu, exchange ubushushu ngokupheleleyo, ukunyusa imveliso iimveliso reaction, ukunciphisa iindleko zamandla.