Iintlobo gearbox: incazelo, iifoto

abenzi Modern ezifakwe nezithuthi ezininzi transmission, yaye kukho iinkqubo transmission oluzenzekelayo kuphela. Nkqu ngokokwakheka iibhokisi ezilula ngomatshini zahlulwe iintlobo ezahlukeneyo kwaye iimpawu. Makhe sihlolisise iintlobo ezikhoyo gearbox. Amafoto hayi kuphela - emva kweli nqaku.

transmission manual

Ukususela kwixesha ukosuleleka ngomatshini ye fyabo kuye ngaphezu kwekhulu leminyaka. Ngokuba yonke le minyaka, abayili kunye iinjineli ziye zenziwe kwibhokisi indlela iiseyile kakhulu utshintsho evumelekileyo ukuba zazise okubhalwe kule ndlela phantse kwimfezeko, kwaye ngoku kwibhokisi mechanical phantse akukho iintsilelo ezinzulu. transmission Manual ngoku ingqalelo omnye kakhulu lula futhi, nangona nawo kukho iintlobo ezintsonkothileyo ngakumbi gearbox. Kodwa ukubiza i elula kwaye kungcono ukuba inokuba ibhokisi apho inani isaqala hayi ngaphezulu kwe-5 kuphela - yeyona ndlela ilungileyo. abenzi Modern ukuvelisa transmission manual kunye nenani elikhulu amanyathelo, umzekelo, kukho ezinye iintlobo uthumelo ncwadi kunye nezigaba ezintandathu. Nangona kunjalo, oku awukuchaphazeli ukusebenza iinjini mihla.

Gearbox yokulandelelana Manual

Le nkqubo ukudluliselwa kwisixhobo kunye umgaqo amanyathelo siyasebenza ukuba koomatshini. Ingcamango usebenzisa isixhobo esinjalo kwisithuthi abangekho weza yintloko iinjineli Ngini. Isebenza ukuba isigqibo ngokusekelwe gearbox yemveli manual, kodwa ulawulo drive ikhutshwa phandle ngendlela yeenkqubo ze-elektroniki. Ezona mpawu ziphambili ezahlula ezi ntlobo uthumelo - ukuba iqokelelwe umgaqo osisiseko utshintshayo kunye nolandelelwano. Oku kuqinisekisa lula kunye nentuthuzelo xa uqhuba - kungakhathaliseki ukuba kufuneka ikude kangakanani ukuya. Phakathi iingenelo yokosulela ezilandelanayo angakunika ithuba ukhetho yezantya eliphezulu ngokusebenzisa isenza i ngokukhawuleza imisebenzi lezibuko utshintshe nje ngaphandle nawuphi na umonakalo kwi-injini xa ingadumeli phezulu. Ukongeza, ukuba iadvanteji iya kuqwalaselwa ukuba umqhubi ulawula utshintshayo - kwivili lokuqhuba, kukho shifters nesimbo ezizodwa ukuvumela nangoko jika gear ekunene ngesantya esiphezulu. Kuzo ezi PPC kusetyenziswa izixhobo kunye amazinyo ngqo, kodwa ke synchronizers ukuba kwi ubucukubhede bemveli - bengekho. pinion ukujikeleza endaweni ngu menzi woluvo isantya kwiyunithi yolawulo. Ezi ntlobo ze iibhokisi wayeyoliswa kakhulu abaqhubi imidyarho, kuba ngowe-80% ngaphantsi ixesha Ukuqukwa gear ekunene. Oku kwenza uqhuba ukhululekile zombini kwabasaqalayo abaqhubi abaziingcali.

PPC zithwala

Iinkqubo zithwala - iintlobo ze uthumelo, leyo abazimelanga mechanical okanye oluzenzekelayo. Zithwala PPC onokufaniswa ukosuleleka silandelelaniswe kakuhle, kodwa ke uxanduva bombane isenza, kunye nezisombululo zithwala ngenxa ukutshintsha ugqithiso edibana ekhethekileyo electromechanical drive. Lumanyanisa le bhokisi eyinyani ngoomatshini ukuba isiseko sesi kuyilo lo ukosuleleka yemveli manual, kodwa nesibili nganye mayixhotyiswe clutch yayo. I eyilwe ukuba babe ezi ntlobo gearbox, loo nto ithathwa lula ukubala ukosuleleka, ngelo xesha wayeza kuba yeyona eliphezulu kakhulu kwindlela ethile. uthumelo ezinjalo kuthiwe ukuba awungeni ndawo le ncwadana. Noko ke, le yi unxulumano oluphakathi phakathi ubucukubhede kunye ukosuleleka ngokunokwayo ixabiso zombini kunye nokusebenza.

Ubume ukosuleleka mechanical

Kukho iindidi ezahlukeneyo. isithuthi Transmission ingaba ezahlukahlukeneyo kuyilo kunye nesakhiwo. Zonke ezikhoyo kwihlabathi bhokisi lungohlulwa lube-amabini anesithathu-shaft. Kwimeko nganye, kukho eziluncedo kunye neempawu.

Ezimbini-shaft transmission manual

Drive shaft ukuba inkqubo ukudluliselwa kuqinisekisa uqhagamshelwano ngokupheleleyo clutch. Shaft yemveliso zilahlwa ukwenzela ukuba ibhloko kunye iigiyeri. Zombini zinika emboxo Velocity umehluko ezahlukeneyo. Isixhobo usuke zinokubakho usebenzisa iintonga okanye ukusebenzisa iintambo ezizodwa. Eyona ndlela kakhulu ilula, nethembekileyo uthathwa iintambo. Ezinye iintlobo ze uthumelo (VAZ-2107, umzekelo) lixhotyiswe olu hlobo lwe drive. Kubalulekile kananjalo ixhaphakileyo drive. Le yokusebenza Umgaqo ezinjenge PPC iyafana kakhulu ukuya algorithm ka-shaft ezintathu izenzo kwimida. Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwabo ezinye iimpawu ukufakwa zodluliselo. Xa udluliselo yenziwe, azisebenzisele wahlulwe kuzo zombini kwicala longitudinal and enqamlezileyo. A Ukukhethwa ugqithiso olifunayo inikwa esebenzisa izakhi kunye ngokuzibandakanya kwabo.

ezintathu-shaft transmission manual

CPT yenzelwe ukuba ubukho ukuqhuba upper eziqhutywa. Bona baxhotyiswa synchronizers kunye amagiya, kwakunye indlela ukufakwa zodluliselo. Esebenzisa umngxuma drive inikwa ngumntu uqhagamshelwano indlela clutch. Ngaphezulu shaft drive, kukho kwakhona eliphakathi, ebandakanya iigiyeri le yunithi. Isixhobo usuke kwi izindlu PPC. ukwakhiwa layo ngumxube isilayidi ngefolokhwe. Ukwenzela ukuphepha umsebenzi iigiyeri amabini ngexesha, sebenzisa iindlela elawulwa kude. Le bhokisi aziboneleli okutshintshela torque ukuba amavili ngaphambili. Xa umqhubi ihambisa shift lever, ukususa iklatshi. Ngoncedo lwe ngesantya sync.

Iintlobo zokudluliselwa oluzenzekelayo

Abahlali kwizixeko abanyulwa umatshini. Eyona engundoqo ngxoxo ukugqithisa oluzenzekelayo - lula. Kwaye ewe, enyanisweni, kunye ulawulo inkqubo ngokunokwayo yezithuthi lula kakhulu. Kodwa yintoni ubuxoki ngaphantsi uqhelene yonke into umqhubi "umatshini"? Makhe sibone ukuba yintoni iintlobo gearbox zinika abenzi mihla.

Gidrotransfortmatornaya transmission automatic

Le classic phakathi gciwane oluzenzekelayo. Lo mshini mechanical gearbox kunye torque Converter. transfer torque ukusuka injini ukuya lokuqala lwenziwa yi yesibini. Gidrotrasformator imele i impeller, nto leyo nayo actuated ngokusebenzisa yinjini. Ivili inikeza ioli transmission torque, kwaye yenza ilungu emsebenzini, lo torque igalelo shaft PPC. Ngawo onke amancedo torque converter umntu ukusebenza ephantsi kakhulu. le idlula lula ukusebenza, utshintsho egudileyo torque, kwakunye unciphiso kakhulu umthwalo kumacandelo powertrain kodwa.

tiptronic

It gidromehanichekaya ibhokisi ulawulo manual. Ngokuba lixesha lokuqala ezi zixokelelwano efakwe kwi imi--90 kwi-iimoto brand Porsche yaye kamva tipronikom abanomdla BMW, Ziyi, kunye nezinye automakers. Interesting iqiniso - umenzi na ukuqinisekisa ukuba oku yenye yeendidi yokosulela oluzenzekelayo, kodwa kuphela uhlobo iswitshi. Xa transmission esiqhelekileyo oluzenzekelayo, le imo usebenza ngathi nje ngokuzenzekelayo yemveli. Noko ke, umqhubi unethuba nanini na ufuna ukulawula ngesandla imoto - iluncedo kakhulu kwezinye iimeko. Umzekelo, usebenzisa kunokwenzeka tiptronic ukuba isicelo injini unyathela. Phakathi ezilungileyo ezi izisombululo wachacha ukusetyenziswa yepetroli lingaphantsi kunalowo gidrotrasnsformatora eqhelekileyo. Zisasuka kukuba tiptronic ineenkalo ezinkulu, kwaye isantya usuke kade.

multitronik

Le nkqubo yaqalwa ngu iinjineli evela Audi. Design osemqoka ukuba kweli nqanaba akukho yokuhlola. Kodwa ngexesha elifanayo umqhubi uyakwazi shift amagiya ngesandla. Umgaqo esebenza ngayo le nkqubo yakhelwe phezu ugqithiso V-ibhanti. Njengoko unit main isetyenziswa CVT, nto leyo etshintsha torque. Noko ke, yona ayinakuze ithelekiswe wesimanje multitronik stepless variator CVT - Isakhiwo wayo yahlukile kule stepless variator kwicala zintsonkothe kwaye endaweni nebhanti imixokelelwane ezizodwa isetyenziswe apha. Phakathi iingenelo ziyakwazi ukuchongeka ukukhawulezisa egudileyo, ukusebenza kakuhle ngentshukumo kunye amafutha ephantsi. Izalathisi kwi kwiimpawu obuluqilima ongekho ngaphantsi kweenqwelo transmission manual. amaxabiso aphezulu, ubunzima ukulungisa kunye nokugcina, ngumthombo elincinane - negative.

variator Stepless okanye CVT

Ngembonakalo, ezi nkqubo zothumelo ayahluki kakhulu inqande ukosuleleka oluqhelekileyo ezenzekelayo, kodwa umgaqo osebenza into eyahlukileyo. Okunene akukho amagiya nto apha kodwa ayivulwanga. ngawona Gear, yaye ngaloo ndlela ke torque yahluka rhoqo, kungakhathaliseki nokuba ngaba umatshini kwandiswa okanye yehla yaya.

isishwankathelo

Ishishini yemoto yanamhlanje na bemi ngxi. Njalo udale into entsha ongcono. Kukho ezinye iintlobo ze gearbox - Ngelishwa, xelela konke okusehlabathini, oko nje akunakwenzeka.