Indlela ukubhala ibali umcuphi kunye lwendaba kwexesha?

Nangona ulutsha isihlobo njenge intshukumo zoncwadi ozimeleyo, ngoku kumcuphi yenye lweendidi athandwa kakhulu. Ihlebo le mpumelelo ilula - imfihlelo sisondela. Umfundi akayi nje ukubukela ixeshana, aze athathe inxaxheba kulo. It ilindele iziganeko nokwakha iinguqulelo zabo. UGrigory Chkhartishvili (Boris Akunin), umbhali komdyarho odumileyo kweenoveli malunga umcuphi Erast Fandorin, kudliwano-ndlebe xa sixelelwe ukuba ubhale indlela kumcuphi. Ngokutsho umbhali, ombane siphambili ukudala sebali is umdlalo kunye nomfundi, nekufuneka izaliswe ehamba kunye nemigibe engalindelekanga.

oluvela

Uninzi lwababhali ezithandwayo abacuphi musa ukukufihla yokuba wamkela iphefumlelwe ngokufunda imisebenzi yeenkosi ezinkulu uhlobo. Ngokomzekelo, umbhali American Elizabet Dzhordzh ebesoloko iyayithanda imisebenzi Agatha Christie. I sambulala cebo kakhulu yombhali Detective fiction Boris Akunin. Umbhali ngokubanzi wavuma ukuba uthanda umcuphi kwi isimbo IsiNgesi, kwaye usoloko usebenzisa ubuchule ezithile nabo imisebenzi yakhe. Malunga luni na igalelo uhlobo zokucupha wenze Arthur Conan Doyle ngesimilo yakhe edumileyo ayisiyiyo mfuneko kuthi kakhulu. Ekubeni ukudala umlinganiswa efana Sherlock Holmes - iphupho ngumbhali zonke.

vula nawolwaphulomthetho

Ukuze ubhale kumcuphi yokwenene, umele ukuba ninyuke lolwaphulo-mthetho, ngokuba imfihlakalo ezinxulumene nayo, kusoloko intliziyo sebali. Ngoko ke, umbhali kuya kufuneka uzame kwindima umhlaseli. Okokuqala, makhe ukuchaza uya kuba yintoni na uhlobo ulwaphulo-mthetho. Uninzi amabali edumileyo zokucupha nakhelwe phezu kuphando ookubulala, oobusela, kuxhotyiwe, ukuxhwilwa kunye ihlebo. Noko ke, kukho kwakhona ziyimizekelo ezininzi apho umbhali itsalela umfundi ngesiganeko elingenatyala ekhokelela ngesisombululo mfihlakalo enkulu.

Vula emva kwexesha

Emva kokukhetha nombhali lo mthetho kuya kufuneka ukuba bacinge ngenyameko malunga nayo, ngokuba kumcuphi yokwenene ifihle zonke iinkcukacha, nto leyo eya kukhokelela kwisiphumo. Master of uhlobo bacetyiswa ukuba basebenzise ixesha reception flyback. Ukuqala ukujonga owaphule ulwaphulo-mthetho, njengoko kwenziwayo nonobangela woko. Emva koko kufuneka ubone indlela umhlaseli ezama ukufihla ubungqina. Musa ukulibala malunga bakhala bayishiya ubungqina kunye namangqina. Ezi imikhondo ayakhayo i ibali imincili, enika umfundi ithuba lokuqhuba uphando yayo. Ngokomzekelo, umbhali owaziwa kakhulu British Pee Di Dzheyms uthi phambi kokuba uqale ukudala indaba emnandi, yena usoloko iza nesisombululo le mfihlakalo. Ngoko xa ecelwa kubhala ngayo ibali Detective elungileyo, uthi ukuba kuyimfuneko ukucinga ngathi mthetho. Le noveli akunyanzelekanga ukuba ibe kufana nokubuza buthuntu. Le ngamayelenqe kunye nengxabano - yiloo nto kubalulekile.

isakhiwo sebali

Detective uhlobo njengoko nayiphi na intshukumo ezoncwadi, uye subgenres yayo. Ngoko ke, ekuphenduleni umbuzo sendlela yokubhala kumcuphi, iingcali ukucebisa ukuqalisa ukukhetha indlela yokwakhiwa lwendaba.

• ibali Detective Classic wakhonza ngendlela yomgama. Umfundi liphanda cala, kunye umlinganiswa ophambili. Usebenzisa ngexesha elifanayo isitshixo iimfihlakalo eshiywe ngumbhali.
• Kulo wakhona ibali zokucupha umfundi ekuqaleni kuba lingqina ulwaphulo-mthetho. Bonke sebali elandelayo lijikeleza inkqubo kunye neendlela yophando.
• ababhali umcuphi badla ngokusebenzisa i ibali udibaniso. Xa umfundi e elifanayo ityala umnikelo umbono kwiikona ezahlukeneyo. Le ndlela isekelwe phezu isiphumo engalindelekanga. Emva yaphuhliswa kwaye version neyi ikhefu ngephanyazo.

abafundi abanomdla

Yazisa umfundi ukuya kumhla ngamayelenqe, ngokuveza ulwaphulo - enye amanyathelo ezisisiseko ekudaleni kumcuphi. Akukhathaliseki njani izibakala kwaziwe. Umfundi kukodwa kuba lingqina ukuba ulwaphulo-mthetho, ukuba afunde ngalo ibali umlinganiswa, okanye ukufumana wena endaweni umsebenzi wayo. Into esemqoka ukuba kwakukho imikhondo, kunye uguqulelo kolunye uphando. Uchazo kufuneka ibe linani ezaneleyo iinkcukacha credible - le yenye yezona meko kufuneka ukuba kuthathelwe ingqalelo xa kusingethwe umbuzo indlela yokubhala nomcuphi.

ugcine ngamayelenqe

Lo msebenzi elandelayo ebalulekileyo ababhali kuzakugcina umdla womfundi. akufuneki kube lula kakhulu imbali, xa kuqala kucaca ukuba zonke "Diver" abulawe. isakhiwo sebali eyakhiwe ngokukhawuleza ukufumana udiniwe yaye badanile, kuba tale iintsomi kunye kumcuphi - ntlobo ezahlukeneyo. Kodwa kwanokuba oko ifanele ukwenza iyelenqe abanjwa uyifihleleni ezithile kwizicatshulwa izala in zingabalulekanga xa uqala kuqala, iinkcukacha. Le yenye ubuchule Classic zokucupha IsiNgesi. Imbetha nasekuziqiniseni kwam kungasentla, unako ukukhonza njengengxelo esithandwayo umbhali American Mikki Spilleyna. Ngomhla umbuzo indlela yokubhala incwadi (Detective), waphendula wathi: "Akukho bani uya kufunda ibali twisisaka ukuya embindini. Zonke ziya ayigqibe. Ukuba kuya kuba ukuphoxeka, uya kulahlekelwa umfundi. iphepha lokuqala ngokuthengisa le ncwadi, kunye yokugqibela -. konke oko kuya kwenziwa kwixesha elizayo "

igcina

Njengokuba umsebenzi zokucupha isekelwe sizathu kunye lotsalo, itulo iya kuba umdla ngakumbi zikholeleke ukuba iinkcukacha eziqulathwe kuyo, kuya kwenza ukuba umfundi ukuba izigqibo eziphosakeleyo. Nkqu abecuphi best unokuphazama kwaye ulandele umgca ubuxoki nomninimzi. Kule ndlela zisetyenziswa ngababhali ababangela abacuphi malunga ababulali serial. Oku kukuvumela ukuba ukubabhida umfundi nokudala ithuba ebangel 'iziganeko. Xa zonke kubonakala ukuba kucace gca kwaye nto ukoyika, kuba ngawo lo mzuzu umlinganiswa ophambili iba buthathaka kakhulu iingozi isondela ngokulandelelana. ithuba Upheliso usoloko yenza ibali umdla ngakumbi.

nezizathu

Heroes abacuphi kufuneka mibala umdla. Umbhali Icebiso Kurt Vonnegut ukuba umlinganiswa ngamnye ebalini elungileyo kufuneka afune into, ibhekisela ngakumbi uhlobo zokucupha ngaphezu kwabanye. Ngolu hlobo lulandelayo-up amanyathelo Iqhawe ixhomekeke ngqo kwi ezixhasayo. Oku kuthetha ukuba nefuthe lwendaba. Kuyimfuneko ukuba ukulandelela, uze ubhalise zonke unobangela kunye nesiphumo, ukuze sibambelele nkqi umfundi kule meko. Abalinganiswa ngakumbi iimfuno zabo efihliweyo, edidayo njalo, kwaye ngoko ke, ibali umdla amathuba. Abacuphi alihlole kakhulu maniphuphume njengamaqhawe. Umzekelo ezilungileyo Thriller umcuphi "Injongo: Ayinakwenzeka" ukusuka inethuba Devida Keppa kunye uSteven Zaillian.

Yenza ingubani le ndoda

Ngenxa yokuba ngubani, njani yaye kutheni enze isenzo solwaphulo-mthetho, umbhali uyazi ukusuka ekuqaleni, ityala uhlala ukuba amancinci - ukugqiba ukuba lo mlinganiswa ngomnye engundoqo.

Ukuba usebenzisa ubuchule eqhelekileyo apho umhlaseli usoloko kwinkalo yoku umfundi, kuyimfuneko ukufunda ubuntu bakhe imbonakalo ngokweenkcukacha. Njengomgaqo, ligorha enjalo umbhali yenza limnandi kakhulu, ukuba sithembele kumfundi nokukhethwa urhano. Kwaye ngenxa yoko - dumbfound isiphumo engalindelekanga. Umzekelo okuphawuleka ngokomzekeliso nesimilo Vitaliy Egorovich Krechetov umcuphi uthotho "Ukuphelisa".

Xa isigqibo ukwenza umoni ngaphantsi ebhalwe umlinganiswa, ukuba kakhulu kuya kufuneka eneenkcukacha zokuzoba iintshukumisa zobuqu ngaphezu umphandle, ukuze ziziswe ekugqibeleni kwisigaba engundoqo. Kuyinto aba balinganiswa wadala ngumbhali, ukubhala amabali umcuphi malunga ababulali serial. Umzekelo - Sheriff "I Mentalist" ukusuka series zokucupha.

Yenza ulwaphulo-mthetho ubuntu uphawu uphando

Isimilo, ngokuchaseneyo embi, kunokuba ubani. Yaye akukho mfuneko ukuba umphandi oyingcali okanye zokucupha yabucala. Uqaphele endala Miss Marple, Agatha Christie uNjingalwazi Langdon e Dena Brauna ubuncinane ngokomgangatho ukumelana noxanduva lwabo. Umsebenzi ophambili we umlinganiswa ophambili kukuba umdla umfundi size simenze novelwano. Ngenxa yoko, ungubani kufuneka ephila. Kunye nababhali amabali umcuphi zinika iingcebiso malunga inkcazelo inkangeleko nokuziphatha umlinganiswa ophambili. uncedo Extraordinary kwenza osemqoka efana Ukungaboni iitempile kunye abanale Fandorin. Kodwa iingcali zilumkisa wabaqalayo nxamnye ulangazelelo ngokugqithisileyo xa echaza ihlabathi engaphakathi ophambili, kunye nokudalwa imbonakalo entle kakhulu kunye uthelekiso yokomfuziselo, ekubeni ezi ndlela zixhaphake kakhulu zothando.

izakhono bekubuza

Mhlawumbi engqondo elungileyo, ezizezemvelo kunye logic kuya kunceda yavelisa amagqabi umbhali ekudaleni ibali zokucupha umdla kwaye untywilisele umfundi umfanekiso opheleleyo kwakungenjalo iingceba ulwazi ezifundiswayo. Nangona kunjalo, eli ibali kufuneka zikholeleke. Ngoko ke, amanani nokhokelo uhlobo, echaza indlela yokubhala ibali kwakho, kugxininisa ekufundweni ubuqili umsebenzi abacuphi abaziingcali. Ngapha koko, asinguye wonk 'umntu izakhono nabaphandi ulwaphulo-mthetho. Ngoko ke, ukuba ukuthembakala sebali kuyimfuneko ukuqonda umsebenzi othile.

Abanye kokubonisana iingcali. Abanye bachitha iiyure ezininzi iintsuku, ezincina kwanezinto amatyala endala. Kwaye ukudala kumcuphi esemgangathweni ziya kufuna ulwazi nje kuphela forensics. Kuza kufuneka ubuncinane nolwazi olusisiseko kwingcingane yokuziphatha yolwaphulo-mthetho. Kuba ababhali abaye bagqiba ukujija ibali malunga kokubulawa, kufuneka ulwazi kwinkalo Ukufundwa kwamathambo. Musa ukulibala malunga iinkcukacha ezithile kwixesha nendawo inyathelo, kuba kufuna ulwazi olongezelelweyo. Ukuba kwisiqwenga uphando ulwaphulo-mthetho olwenzeka ngayo kwinkulungwane XIX, okusingqongileyo, iziganeko zembali, ubuchwepheshe kunye nokuziphatha yabalinganiswa kufuneka zihambelane kuyo. Maxa wambi le ngxaki inzima xa kumcuphi zidityaniswe kuyinto professional mntu ukwenye intsimi. Umzekelo, sezibalo engaqhelekanga, psychology okanye sebhayoloji. Ngako oko, umbhali kuya kufuneka ukuba ube nobuchule zenzululwazi ezenza kube unobumba okhethekileyo.

ukugqitywa

Umsebenzi ibalulekileyo umbhali naye kwasekuqaleni umdla nesengqiqweni. Ngenxa yokuba enoba ephothiweyo okanye wajika ibali, zonke puzzle kufuneka kusombululeka. Bonke amaninzi ngexesha imibuzo amanyathelo kufuneka ufumane iimpendulo. Kwaye ngenxa imigomo eneenkcukacha izigqibo eziya kuba kucacile ukuba umfundi, kuba innuendo kwi uhlobo zokucupha ayikho wamkelekile. Kubonisa kunye nokwakhiwa ezahlukeneyo embodiments amabali ukugqitywa iinoveli uphawu component bulumko. A uhlobo Detective yinto zorhwebo. Ukongeza, umfundi uya kuba umdla kakhulu ukwazi oko kwakulungile nalapho engalunganga.

Nikelani ingqalelo ngeengozi yoqeqesho ehambisana ukuxuba ntlobo. Xa esebenza ngendlela efanayo, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba eli bali zokucupha elinesiqalo, igqibeke kufuneka sibhalwe uhlobo olufanayo. Awukwazi ushiye umfundi enengqumbo enkulu, echaza ulwaphulo-mthetho amagunya eyimfihlakalo okanye ingozi. Nokuba befundisi indawo kwinoveli, ubukho babo kufuneka abonela ibali kunye inkqubela yophando. Kodwa kukodwa le yengozi isihloko sebali zokucupha. Ngoko ke, ukuba oko kwenzeke, umntu obandakanyekayo kulo. Ngokufutshane, nomcuphi sinokuba isiphelo engalindelekanga kodwa ayikwazi kubangela ukudideka kunye nonxunguphalo. Kungcono ukuba ukugqitywa ibalwa amagunya kwalo umfundi, yaye iya kusombulula puzzle ophambili ngaphambili kancinane.