Iintshukumo ngokuzenzekelayo. Izifo e-nervous system

Wonke umntu nempilo uyakwazi ukulawula iintshukumo zakhe, oko kukuthi, ukuze ukhethe isantya phantsi okanye ukukhawulezisa intshukumo imilenze, ukutshintsha awo kwicala intshukumo yabo. Noko ke, siguqula imeko kakhulu xa kukho iintlobo ukuphazamiseka kwenkqubo luvo. Ngokukodwa, ukuba le nkqubo ibandakanya ummandla olawula umsebenzi weenjini, ngoko kukho iintshukumo ngokuzenzekelayo. Cinga ukuphazamiseka intshukumo ephambili enxulumene nale nkqubo.

Izifo-luvo ngabantu

Inkqubo luvo, leyo kwenza engundoqo (ingqondo kunye umnqonqo) neuropathy (luvo, iinkqubo-luvo kunye nesiphelo) nkqubo olawula zonke iinkqubo ezikhoyo emzimbeni womntu. Zokwaphulwa kwemithetho umsebenzi sibonise ngeentlobo ezimbi ezichaphazela zombini umsebenzi wamalungu kunye neenkqubo zangaphakathi, kwakunye umsebenzi eliphezulu luvalo. Oku kungenxa yokuba inkqubo luvo branched kakhulu, yaye inxalenye ngasinye kuyo wahlukile. Ngokufuthi, omnye iimpawu ukuphazamiseka kwenkqubo luvo na ukuphazamiseka intshukumo, kubandakanywa iintshukumo ngokuzenzekelayo. Njengoko umthetho, yeyona ixhaphakileyo zazo zezi zilandelayo:

• lafa (enikina) - yinto mbulo Iingoma ezinesingqi komzimba (ngokufuthi intloko okanye ngezandla);
• hyperkinesis - ephuculweyo intshukumo yezihlunu, esibonakala nongcangcazelo of awo mkhulu;
• myoclonus - ebukhali, ngesiquphe ngokuzenzekelayo amaqela zokurhwaqela kwezihlunu (WinCE), adonsa umzimba uphela, inxalenye ephezulu okanye ingalo.

lafa Essential

Olu hlobo nongcangcazelo yenye ntlobo zixhaphakileyo zeentshukumo ngokuzenzekelayo. Oko kunokuthi kwenzeke kwi elivisayo kunye nokuguga. Amaxesha amaninzi yeyonanto ekwenzeni amafa. Olu hlobo iintshukumo ngokuzenzekelayo imele nongcangcazelo postural, ebonakala xa ukutshintsha indawo ngesandla esinye ekuqaleni, ngoko ezimbini. Yena luyaphuculwa kwinqanaba ethintela ukubhala ukubamba izinto ezincinane ngesandla. Oku kwenzeka kakhulu ngamaza, emveni kokuba besele. Le nkqubo kungaba thatha intloko, isilevu, ulwimi kunye nomzimba kunye nemilenze. Noko ke, inkoliso nongcangcazelo ebalulekileyo angcangcazele ngesandla. Unyango kwiimeko ezininzi akukho mfuneko. Ukuba lafa yinto ngokukhawuleza kwaye kuphazamisa ubomi obuqhelekileyo babantu, njengoko umthetho, emine umisela beta-blocker. Ukuba uchulumanco kunye namava bandiqumbisa into ebangela iingcangcazela isandla, unyango kusenokuquka uthatha uxinezeleko.

isifo Parkinson kaThixo

Enye nezifo eziqhelekileyo, uphawu likhubazekile kakhulu umsebenzi ziimoto Parkinson kaThixo. Le ngezifo inxulunyaniswa ngokufa phambili kude zemithambo-luvo zobuchopho avelisa dopamine (a neurotransmitter olawula intshukumo kunye kwezihlunu). Ngokutsho manani, esi sifo ekucaca ukuba wonke umntu wamakhulu ukuba kudlule iminyaka emashumi mathandathu aphesheya. Abantu bagula kakhulu kuneentombi. Ubangelwa sifo azikhange kufundwe ngokwenkcukacha. Ukuze umntu unesifo enjalo, njengoko Parkinson kaThixo, unyango, ngelishwa, kuba ibonisa kwaye akusosiqinisekiso alulame.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, iimpawu zokuqala zesi sifo engaqatshelwayo. Njengoko ukuhla kubonisiwe dexterity manual, kulingisa skudeet ubonakala ubuso imaski-like. Kwakhona waphawula yalityatya lafa, iintshukumo ngokuzenzekelayo lasentloko, intetho aphazamiseka, ukukwazi ukulawula iintshukumo zabo. Slow ukuhamba ingathathelwa indawo sisebenze lawuleki, ukuba isigulana lingenako ukuyeka wena. Kwixesha elizayo, ukulungelelana nkene kunye neengxaki behamba zimbi.

unyango

Xa izifo ezifana nesifo Parkinson kaThixo, unyango rhoqo kunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ukuba inciphise uphuhliso sifo. Ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba kwibakala lokuqala. Xa iimpawu yokuqala, xa kukho ithuba isantya ukutshatyalaliswa luvo esengqondweni, kuyimfuneko ukuba umntu onjalo luvo.

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ichiza eliyintloko imenza inkqubo sifo "Levodopa". Oku kusetyenziswa kubanjiswene kunye namaqela ezininzi iindlela, kodwa, ngelishwa, nako isantya uphuhliso sifo kuphela. Okwangoku, Noko ke, le nkampani ngokusebenzayo iphanda unyango lwesifo Parkinson hi utyando - yotyando iiseli nomonde ikwazi ukuvelisa dopamine.

chorea

Enye sifo, iimpawu zazo hyperkinesis (iintshukumo ihlale), i chorea. Ngokubanzi, kunokuba uphawu inokuba kuchazwe, njengoko izizathu ezibangela ukuba inokuba nomahluko kakhulu. Chorea kuboniswa iintshukumo ngokuzenzekelayo ze aphakamise omzimba, intloko kunye umntla. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba ulwimi inxaxheba kunye imisipha yobuso. Amaxesha amaninzi ezi ntshukumo uthelekiswa grimace dance. Uphawu kukuba zonke iimpawu unyamalale ngokupheleleyo ngexesha ubuthongo.

Izinto ezibangela chorea

Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe, iintshukumo ngokuzenzekelayo ye chorea unokubangwa linani ezinganxulumananga ezinye izizathu ngamnye. Amaninzi kukho ezi zinto zilandelayo:

• esinazo - in izifo ezininzi ilifa zofuzo ezifana iimpawu sifo Konovalova-waphawula Wilson ngayo chorea;
• Cerebral Palsy;
• ukusetyenziswa elide imithi - nokuba antipsychotics, antiemetics;
• Izifo ezisulelayo - ngokufuthi iintshukumo ngokuzenzekelayo ebantwaneni (chorea) zenzeka emva throat emqaleni;
• insufficiency ezingapheliyo yonikezelo kwegazi yobuchopho;
• Izifo ukudumba ubuchopho (vasculitis);
• izifo hormone (ngakumbi, xa kukho umsebenzi parathyroid ayonelanga).

chorea Treatment kuxhomekeke unobangela, wenza kuyo. Oku kunokuba uthomalaliso isifo engundoqo, ukususwa ichiza okanye ukunciphisa ithamo xa waba overdosed, kunye nonyango kwangumqondiso kunye abanedumbe lengqondo kunye insufficiency yokumpompoza kwegazi lobuchopho. Xa usebenzisa naliphi umyalezo chorea B iivithamini kunye iziyobisi nokuphucula isondlo nevuselelayo nokusebenza kwengqondo (neyrotrofiki, nootropics).

myoclonus

Kanti nezinye iintshukumo ngokuzenzekelayo imele myoclonus. Amaninzi le meko ibonakala wena okanye abanye abantu nokulala. Kwakhona, iye ngokuba "ngobusuku iyothusa." Njengomgaqo, bakhuselekile ngokupheleleyo, kodwa kwezinye iimeko ahleliweyo kangangoko kukho ukuphazamiseka kokulala. Oku kwenzeka kakhulu rhoqo xa umntu ekhululekile yaye ukulungele ukuba balale. zokurhwaqela kwezihlunu kungabangela ingxolo okanye ezinye izinto zangaphandle, kwaye inkqubo kungaba kuphazanyiswe kakhulu. Ngokuqhelekileyo ukulala myoclonus musa kufuna unyango.

Emibi kakhulu le meko kuba, ukuba umntu waphawula ukuxhuzula myoclonic okanye yombono. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuba omnye linophawu imeko kakhulu ezifana ukuxhuzula. Miklonichesky ukuhlasela kunokubangela ukuwa, ngexesha apho umngcipheko eziphakamileyo eyaphukileyo okanye ekhanda. ixesha ukuhlasela eyi 1-2 kuyo evele iqala ize iphele tu.

ukuxhuzula Myoclonic ngokuqhelekileyo zokurhwaqela kwezihlunu kwenzeka ezandleni. Kumanqanaba okuqala amanqaku abo kuphela isigulane, ukuba nzima ngokuhamba kwexesha - umntu ilahla izinto, akakwazi ukubabamba ezandleni zenu. Amaninzi, kuhlaselo kwenzeka iiyure eziliqela emva ukuvuka. Kwimeko unyango ulibele iingcali kukho gabalala zenkqubo, kwaye mde imilenze bazibandakanye ukugula indihlaziya-clonic kunye cima ikhompyutha lokuqonda.

Hyperkinesia kubantwana

iintshukumo ngokuzenzekelayo kungaphazamiseka zombini abadala kunye nabantwana, ngelixa kulungiselelwa yokugqibela ukutyhileka kakhulu ngumntu myoclonic. Kaninzi oku kuboniswa isishwankathelo zokunciphisa phinda kumaqela ngamnye imisipha yobuso. Njengomgaqo, ziganeko zenzeka emva uchulumanco yokudinwa okanye ngokugqithiseleyo umntwana. Enye hyperkinesis ngokufuthi abantwana chorea. Lubonakala yi izihlunu ukudideka ngamaxesha yendawo intloko negxalaba. Oyena nobangela ephambili idla sijamelane-umntwana, elinokuba yi non-isiganeko, kunye ekufikela omdala ngayo. Kungenxa yoko le nto abazali kufuneka ingqalelo ngokubonakala nakancinane intshukumo ngokuzenzekelayo abantwana babo.

Njengoko ubona, onempilo uyakwazi ukwenza kunye angafakwa kunye neentshukumo ngokuzenzekelayo. Noko ke, ukuba baqalise ukuba luchaphazela umgangatho wobomi, thethwano luvo kuyimfuneko.