Imigaqo yoMthetho Civil seMigaqo

Njengoko kuzo zonke shishino kwinkqubo yomthetho, uye imigaqo yalo mthetho nenkqubo waseburhulumenteni, okanye imigaqo esisiseko apho into yonke inkqubo nkqubo yoluntu esekelwe. Le migaqo ke ukuphunyezwa imisebenzi eyenziwa lishishini, ezo kucacisiwe kwiSiqendu 2 i-Civil Procedure Code (CPC). Protection ukuba umngeni enkundleni amalungelo kunye neminqweno yabantu, ngokomeleza ulawulo lomthetho kunye nokuthintela torts akunakwenzeka ngaphandle obscheyuridicheskih kuxoxwa ngezantsi, nangokudibana kwamacandelo kunye nemigaqo ezizodwa kumacandelo.

Okokuqala, kwi-Code of Procedure Civil kubekiwe kuMgaqo-siseko yomgaqo-siseko womthetho nkqubo yoluntu. Ngoko ke, lo iziko kuphela eligunyaziselwe ukulawula okusesikweni yinkundla. (Art. 5 GCA) Esi sikhundla ekwafanekisa imithetho kwinkqubo yenkundla. Amaqela kwisivumelwano ungabonelela isibheno kwinkundla kulamlo; phambi igatya ulamlo kufakwa isikhalazo kwinkundla yomthetho kunokwenzeka kuphela emva kokuba inkqubo entendelezweni kulamlo lokugqibela. Ngo-2011, umthetho kwadluliselwa ulamlo, umnikelo ukusombulula iingxabano zembambano phakathi yabameli ukuba isibheno enkundleni. Ukuba le mbambano asiyiyo inxalenye nkqubo yoluntu. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe, kwaye imigaqo-siseko yomthetho civil procedural, ezifana lokulingana phambi komthetho kwaye nokulingana phambi kweenkundla. I-Code of Procedure Civil, le migaqo ezimbini ezidityanisiweyo inqaku, kodwa mbono banyanzelise kwisahlulo lwabo. Lokulingana phambi komthetho uhlala apho, kuquka abo bakwiindawo ezingaphandle inkqubo, kwaye bayalingana phambi kwenkundla, ukuba ukususela ekuqaleni yeengxoxo. Imithetho-siseko kuvumela inkqubo yokhuphiswano ukuze kuqinisekwe nelungelo lokhuselo sesigwebo wonke umntu ukufaka isimangalo. Inqaku 128 loMgaqo-siseko Russian Federation umisela umgaqo wokumiselwa abagwebi. Umthetho ekhethekileyo federal inikezela inkqubo ekhethekileyo zokufumana ubume ngumgwebi. Irremovability kunye nokuzimela abagwebi kuchaziwe kwiSiqendu 120 no-121 loMgaqo-siseko kunye namanqaku 7 no-8 le-Code of Procedure Civil.

Ukususela ngo-2010, ukwenzela ukukhawulezisa yesisombululo seempikiswano ziinkundla kwi CCP laqalisa umgaqo ngexesha elifanelekileyo yeenkqubo kunye nokubulawa imiyalelo yenkundla. GIC kwakhona ithumba imigaqo cross-ukusika loo ngokuphandle kunye nobulungisa kolwimi, nazo kulawulwa CPC kunye APC ngokumalunga namasebe yomthetho yenkqubo. imimiselo yelawulo yomthetho i-ulawulo lomthetho kunye kwinkqubo yenkundla inyaniso njengoko injongo ndawonye kwamatyala embambano kunye namanye amashishini zenkqubo.

Okwesibini, umthetho civil procedural, kwaye imigaqo zayo, ezo aziqhelekanga kwamanye amashishini. Owona mzekelo okuphawuleka umgaqo optionality. Yena akayi eqhotyoshelwe kule CCP ngqo nje into eyahlukileyo, kodwa lulandelayo isiqulatho zobugcisa. 3, Art. 4, Inqaku 39, Article. 44 nobuGcisa. 137. umsebenzi wenkundla ekuxoxweni kwamatyala embambano kukuququzelela ummangali nommangalelwa ekusebenziseni amagunya awo kunye namalungelo yenkqubo nokuhlola iinkqubo amaqela 'ukuthotyelwa. Ummangali kunye nommangalelwa ukhululekile ukuba basebenzise amagunya abo amalungelo, babe ngokuzimeleyo ukutshintsha isixa yebango. Ngoko ke, lo ummangali amandla ukutshintsha isifundo kunye unobangela inyathelo, isixa kwamabango okanye lirhoxise ibango ngaphambili. Ummangalelwa amandla ukuba ityumbe sibali-amabango, qaphela ibango inxalenye. Nakweyiphi na amanqanaba inkqubo amaqela civil ithuba ukuvala ityala ngokusayina isivumelwano soqhawulo-mtshato.

Ukwahlula siseko yombutho kwaye zisebenza komthetho inkqubo yoluntu. imigaqo lombutho zibandakanya ukunika indlela kwenkqubo yenkundla ezintendelezweni wolawulo ngokubanzi, ucinga iingxabano zembambano, imigaqo sudoustroystvennye. imigaqo yokusetyenziswa lwesihloko zabo sudoproizvodstvennymi. amagqwetha ngabanye, izazinzulu uqaphele ukuba akukho kuphela siseko yombutho kwaye ziyasebenza, kodwa lombutho kwaye esebenza oludibanisa iimpawu imigaqo maqela zimbini zikhankanywe apha ngasentla. Ngethiyori, naye ndagqiba kwelokuba kubabela elo esisiseko okanye elililo, noyilo, okanye isalamane, imigaqo yomthetho inkqubo yoluntu.