Imithombo yezimbiwa ye kummandla Vologda. iimeko zendalo kunye nemithombo, esimi yommandla Vologda

Ezona mpawu ziphambili zale esimi yommandla Vologda - a nakumahlathi caba kunye nemigxobhozo. Iintlobo ngeentlobo iimeko zendalo kunye nezibonelelo nakummandla aye wavumela abaphandi ukwahlula apha iindidi 33 ezahlukeneyo-mhlaba. Kuba abanjalo nje encinci kuba nani kakhulu elihloniphekileyo!

Kweli nqaku siza kuqwalasela indlela eyayimi ngayo kwingingqi kwemozulu, isimo, umhlaba, amanzi komhlaba. Zeziphi izimbiwa geni kummandla Vologda? Impendulo yalo mbuzo uyakwazi ukufumana apha.

Jikelele Geography yommandla Vologda: imida kunye Ubungakanani

ummandla Vologda - nommandla entla inxalenye yaseYurophu eRashiya. ummandla ogcweleyo ngu 145 ophosa square. kummandla Vologda side kwicala sublatitudinal (ukusuka entshona ukuya empuma) ngu neekhilomitha ezingama-700.

Uncedo ubukhulu becala ezisezantsi zogqunyelelwe, kukho amachibi ezininzi kunye ezindaweni. Imozulu ziingcathu lizwekazi, kunye ubusika kakuhle elide kunye nehlobo elifutshane. Forest ifihle inxalenye enkulu ngokwaneleyo na ummandla Vologda (malunga 75-80%). iimeko ezichanisekileyo kunye nezibonelelo zendalo kummandla ziza kuchazwa kula macandelo alandelayo.

ummandla Vologda Administrative yohlulwe kwizithili zikamasipala 26 kunye nezithili ezibini ezisezidolophini. Kwingingqi apho kukho iingxaki zentlalo ezininzi ezinzulu. Okokuqala kwaye kwephambili kukungabikho nkqubo wacinga-kakuhle lwengingqi; phantse yonke ingeniso kunye nomsebenzi kwezoqoqosho ijolise kuphela ezimbini umzi kummandla Vologda - Cherepovets kunye Vologda. Ezinye iindawo (peripheral) abaphethwe ukuthotywa zentlalo noqoqosho neyokusasazeka koluntu. Okwesibini, le ngingqi umgangatho kunokuba elisezantsi amayeza kunye nemfundo.

Ikakhulu indawo ukukhululeka

Orographically zibheka ummandla Vologda yinxalenye enkulu East European Plain. Umfanekiso we-mphandle yengingqi - yinto uthotho imigxobhozo, iinduli ezincinane emikhulu ephantsi. iintlobo ezahlukeneyo isiqabu glacial naye ingaqhelekanga. I-avareji yehla kweemitha 150-200. Ngokugqithileyo kumzantsi-mpuma ngingqi ekhwela bahambe ezindulini intaba Northern Uvaly.

It is on ummandla ummandla Vologda i yomlambo ezizidendeleko yokuhambisa amanzi ezintathu ezinkulu - i-Atlantic Ocean, i-Arctic Ocean kunye noLwandle lweCaspian.

Ngokwejoloji le ndawo kubekwe kwiqonga endala kakhulu Precambrian. Kodwa nantsi ivaliwe ngu maleko angqingqwa gquma-yohlobo iidipozithi. Olu phawu zejoloji sicacisa ukuba oovimba ebonakalayo kwezibonelelo kwezimbiwa non-eqaqambileyo bubuhle kummandla Vologda. Isanti, kunye nodongwe zifumaneka kuyo yonke apha.

Kakhulu amahle kunye umdla Belozerskaya Ridge. Esi sakhiwo uncedo kwasekwa akunjalo kwakudala - xa Ixesha glaciation yokugqibela (malunga 12-15 amawaka kwiminyaka eyadlulayo). Ngaphakathi ephakeme yi uthotho amachibi amahle kunye zolondolozo lwendalo.

iimeko zemozulu

Imozulu kummandla Vologda - ziingcathu yezwekazi. Sezulu lizwekazi kwandisa nokuphakanyiswa ukuya ngasempuma. Ixesha frost-free, kwakukho iintsuku 190-210. Ukufuma sehlile entshona ukuya kummandla wasempumalanga.

Ummandla idume ntolovelo zayo ezintle nekhephu. Eneneni, le ikhephu apha qhubeka imihla ukuya ku-160. Yena kuqala ukuba imilo ekuqaleni kukaNovemba, kwaye kutshatyalaliswa ngokupheleleyo kwisiqingatha sesibini Epreli.

Xa imimoya kuvuthelwa advantageously asentshona nasemantla. nokunyuka sezulu ngokukhawuleza lonyaka kungabonwa ngonyaka. Ixesha ebusika elide ngokufanelekileyo yaye kubanda (avareji Januwari lobushushu - ukusuka degrees -10 ukuya -14). Ihlobo mfutshane, kuyana kwaye imnandi. Kwaba ngexesha efudumeleyo iwela malunga ne-70% ye kwezulu ngonyaka. namaxesha lenguqu kummandla Vologda yi sasingachazwa kakhulu.

Ngokwemiqathango yomahluko zemimandla, inxalenye yasentshona mmandla enesifo utshintsho kwimozulu rhoqo kwaye ngesiquphe, nto leyo zibangelwa utshintsho rhoqo khona umoya. Summer apha kunye yimikhwitsho rhoqo abavela Atlantic Ocean. Kuba zokuhamba kunye nokhenketho kummandla Vologda enyangeni kakhulu oyinto Agasti. Nangona ekupheleni kwehlobo apho sele kuneqabaka yokuqala ebusuku.

imithombo yamanzi yendawo: imilambo namachibi

Ummandla ummandla Vologda utyebile emilanjeni enzulu kunye namachibi amaninzi. Kwemithambo inkulu amanzi kummandla - umlambo Sheksna, Mologa kunye Andoma River entshonalanga, Unzha Kostroma nakwelasezantsi. Centre kunye osempuma lo mmandla kuba somfula Northern Dvina River kunye nemingenela yawo ezinkulu.

River kummandla Vologda - uhlobo lehewu, kunye iintlambo ebanzi kunye namathafa zizikhukula. Channel okunzima wawukwazi ezininzi oyisanti kunye kwiziqithi ezincinane. Ngokwezibalo ezenziweyo, amanzi emilanjeni becala ezigudileyo. Le ngaphandle kuphela Sukhona ezivela Kubensky echibini.

Hi ndlela leyi, indima enkulu ekumiseleni ulawulo amanzi omlambo Vologda ukudlala echibini lendawo. Enkosi kubo, xa inkoliso yemilambo sehlise izinga wezikhukhula yasentwasahlobo. Xa zizonke, lo mmandla ayikho ngaphantsi kwe amawaka amane amachibi. I inkulu kubo - ezimhlophe, Kubenskoe, Onega, Vozha. Kwakhona kule ngingqi kukho ichibi elikhulu. Malunga ne-12% ye amanzi. imigxobhozo ezininzi ubukhulu becala kwimimandla esentshona ukufuma ophezulu.

amachibi ezininzi, uthungelwano oxineneyo imilambo kunye nemijelo egqitywe uphuhliso kummandla ukhenketho amanzi Russia. Ngesikhephe kunye ukuqabela athandwa kakhulu. Kule ndawo sele liphuhlise ezininzi iindlela zamanzi enzima nelula. Ezidada amachibi enkulu elwandle regattas iyingangamsha.

Umhlaba kunye nezityalo

Imihlaba ye kummandla Vologda ekumntla zimelwe podzolic, bazipheka-podzolic - emzantsi. Kwakhona Kwimihlaba Marsh eqhelekileyo (kwi emanzi kulo mmandla).

Flora le ndawo nje yonke Zinjalo amahlathi endalo boreal. Uninzi amahlathi - Iziseko coniferous, enamakhulu ngokuyintloko of nespruce. Iintlobo ezininzi ethandwa umthi apha: nespruce eSiberia, umsipres aseYurophu, pine, larch, Sukachev, fir eSiberia kunye nabanye. ebizwa-Ngoko amahlathi eziziisekondari kwakheka kwi site omkhulu-isikali ukugawulwa, ngokufuthi lisekwa iintlobo zamaxesha athile ngonyaka - ezinde, Aspen, alder. Xa entshona kummandla Vologda kukho amahlathi oki, nothuthu kunye maple.

Ekumeni yendawo zendalo kunye eziphila ziyakhuselwa epakini yesizwe 'Russian North ", ngokunjalo phakathi kwezinye izinto ekhuselweyo (onke kwinkalo ye-188).

imithombo yezimbiwa yommandla Vologda: Resources sepetroli

Ukuze kunike imithombo yezimbiwa ziquka oyile negesi, umgquba, shale oyile kunye neminye imithombo yezimbiwa, apho ukufumana amandla abo. Buyela kwi 60s kwenkulungwane lokugqibela kummandla yommandla Vologda, iinkalo ezintathu oyile kunye ethwele negesi zithe zafunyanwa. Sebenza kwi uphendlo ngoko nangoko amasimi oyile negesi waqhubeka 90 ephakathi. Okwangoku, siza kuqhubeka uphando zejoloji, kwakunye njengoko kuvavanywa amathuba kuphuhliso lwezamazhishini kwimimandla oyile negesi.

Nezokukhupha nezinye izixhobo amafutha kudala inxaxheba kumashishini eziliqela. Le resource - nja-. Amafutha e Vologda wafumana iidipozithi ngaphezu kwama 2,000. Itotali oovimba iidipozithi zasekuhlaleni kufikelela kwizigidi 5.5 tons. Imali ye nja- zisasazwa phantse kulo lonke mmandla, nangona xi ekuso ukuba imimandla Koloni naseMzantsi-ntshona. Ipesenti encinane kakhulu umgquba geni kuloo mmandla isetyenziswa amafutha amandla. main mass Its asetyenziselwa ezolimo. Nja-, njengoko yaziwa, isetyenziswa nje isichumiso, kwakunye zokulala yemfuyo.

izinto zokwakha

imithombo yezimbiwa yommandla Vologda ayiphelelanga izixhobo amafutha bezimbiwa. Lo mmandla ngenkuthalo geni izinto zokwakha kakhulu ezimbini: .. Dolomite, lekalika, Marl, njl Zonke ezi iintlobo zisetyenziswa Manufacturing izinto ezahlukeneyo. Edume kakhulu kwidiphozithi lekalika - Top Volsk. Ikhupha ngonyaka ukuya kwi-100 lamawaka iitoni zempahla ekrwada.

Kwingingqi Vologda aza kuphuhliswa isanti kunye nodongwe. Le Iidipozithi inkulu zesanti kunye zegrabile: Abakanovskoe, Berezovsky Prisheksninskoe, Komelovskoe kunye nabanye. Lo mmandla atsalwa elinjubaqa, libya-ukunyibilika umbala nodongwe.

Ethembisa ukuba uphuhliso imithombo yezimbiwa zaloo mmandla

Ngaphandle oyile negesi, kukho ezinye esithembisayo kuphuhliso imithombo yezimbiwa zaloo mmandla Vologda. Oku igolide, webauxite kunye nedayimani.

Ngoko, kwi kumntla-mpuma yinxalenye yale ngingqi ngummandla Ilezskaya, egqalwa elithembisayo yokufuna iidipozithi idayimani. Cjsc "Vologdageologorazvedka" yaye "Kraton" kwaqhutywa uphando ngokucokisekileyo umsebenzi apha, wabafumana ekuthiwa-pipe dubulo. Nabo ke, izimbiwa, nto leyo zibekho yeedayimane zifunyenwe.

Elinye icebo elithembisayo yokuba kuveliswe le ngingqi - igolide. Buyela kwi komhlaba we-80 ziye zachongwa ehlukene igolide imilambo zasekuhlaleni Vaga kunye Kubeny. Kwaye kakade ngo-1994, kwaye kwafunyaniswa ukuba kombambi webhola igolide kwenzeka phantse kuwo wonke ummandla kummandla Vologda.

Inani labemi yesixeko

ummandla Vologda ithathwa kummandla kakhulu Russian eRashiya. Ipesenti Russian kwi ekwakhiweni lobuhlanga zabemi phantse 97%, nto leyo irekhodi ngokupheleleyo kweli lizwe. Ukongeza ethnos Russian, naye ekhaya ukuya Veps - yabantu bemveli Finno-Ugric imvelaphi.

Bangaphezu kwama-70% of Vologda bahlala kwimimandla yasezidolophini. Le ngingqi imizi-15. Kodwa ababini kubo, abemi lidlula 100 amawaka abantu.

Zonke emzini kummandla Vologda zidweliswe apha ngezantsi:

• Vologda.
• Cherepovets.
• Babayev.
• Vytegra.
• Totma.
• Ustyug Great.
• Gryazovets.
• Sokol.
• Kadnikov.
• Kirillov.
• Krasavino.
• Ustyuzhna.
• Nikolsk.
• Kharovsk.
• Belozersky.

Vologda - i "eyinkunzi" kummandla

City of St. Petersburg - ayikho kuphela zolawulo, kodwa iziko lenkcubeko kummandla Vologda. Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, le labemi ngamanani isixeko kulo mmandla. Ngoko ke, ngo Cherepovets abahlali phantse ngamawaka asixhenxe ngaphezulu.

Vologda - sisixeko samandulo. Sisihlandlo sokuqala wayo yemihla ngemihla emva 1147. In Vologda ezichongiweyo athathiweyo phantsi ukhuseleko karhulumente 224 ilitye izakhiwo, inkcubeko kunye zakudala kunye.

Phakathi ezinomtsalane edume kakhulu futhi kakhulu batyelela umzi - Vologda yesicelo, eSt Sophia Cathedral kunye iqonga ukubukela phezu kwenqaba, Kazan Church, Stone Bridge. Kwinxalenye yembali ye Vologda wahlala lukhulu ezikhumbuzo ezizodwa yaye intle kunene izakhiwo ngamaplanga. A uhlobo isimboli yesixeko baqalisa Vologda ibhotolo kunye Vologda yeebhutsi.

isiphelo

ummandla Vologda ise entla inxalenye yaseYurophu eRashiya. Imozulu ziingcathu yezwekazi. Le ndawo luphawulwa ntolovelo elide ngekhephu kwaye mfutshane lemvula zasehlotyeni. Isiqabu le ndawo ikakhulu tyaba, kwezinye iindawo kokuba nzima emile ephantsi neenduli.

Kwingingqi Vologda kukho womnatha oxineneyo imilambo kunye nemijelo. Ummandla namachibi amaninzi nemigxobhozo. kwindawo eyenziwe ngamaplanga imalunga 75%.

imithombo yezimbiwa yommandla Vologda, zibaluleke-mveliso omkhulu ukulungiselela lo mmandla - a umgquba, udongwe, ityuwa, kunye nezinto abazizityebi zokwakha. Kwizithili mpuma mmandla wafumanisa iidipozithi yeedayimane.