Imveliso ephelayo: Ukuhlelwa, iimpawu ukugcinwa kunye nokuthengiswa

Uhlobo zokutya zinakonakala abo edinga iimeko ezizodwa ekugcinweni, ekuthuthweni kunye neentengiso. Ziziphi izinto ezibolayo na, ukuba ukugcina nokuyihambisa kubo ngayo, funda inqaku.

Yintoni lokugcinwa kumqulu?

Eli ixesha lokuphumla apho ugcina zonke iimpawu imveliso. Ngamafutshane, oko kangangexesha ixesha elilinganiselweyo nokusetyenziswa kwemveliso. Wazimisa abamenyiweyo, apho umhla wokuqala kwileyibhile ibonisa lokuvelisa imveliso, kwaye eyesibini - ngomhla wokuphelelwa okanye umhla emva koko imveliso lisenza utshintsha iimpawu zayo uba azalufanelekela ukutyiwa.

Classification ngu komhla wokuphelelwa

Ngenxa yesi sizathu zonke iimveliso bohlulwa babe ezi ndidi zilandelayo:

• Ingakumbi perishables - ezi mveliso ezingenako zibekwe kwindawo apho ayixhaswa yi obushushu aphantsi. Yabo kwi-ubomi ulinganiselwe. Ezi mveliso zingagcinwa iiyure ezintandathu ukuya asixhenxe anababini.

• imveliso ephelayo - kunye lokugcinwa iintsuku ezintathu ukuya ezingamashumi amathathu kubushushu kungekho ngaphezulu degrees ezintandathu.

• Non-ephelayo - iimveliso ezifana kunokugcinwa akaba nakugcinwa lobushushu inyanga okanye ngaphezulu. Xa agcinwe kwabalelwa ilanga iimveliso kunye nokufuma.

Oko kutya kuthiwa ezonakalayo?

Olu didi lubandakanya iimveliso ezifana yokugcina kunokwenzeka phantsi lobushushu korhulumente ezizodwa. Qaphela ukuba kufuneka babe ngexeshana elifutshane. Iimeko kunye ngokoMthetho iimveliso ezahlukeneyo zahlukile.

Ukutya eyonakalayo ziquka:

• Nezonka zamasi, ubisi womoji-zonka, cottage itshizi kunye nonyango ubushushu. Aphezulu lobomi akukho ngaphezu kweentsuku ezintlanu.
• Umxube yobisi kunye nesoseji okuphekiweyo iphakheji evaliweyo. Bangakwazi mazigcinwe iintsuku ezilishumi.

Ziziphi izinto ingakumbi buthi?

Bona agcinwe kuphela kwiimeko kunye amaqondo aphantsi. Ngakumbi iimveliso eyonakalayo zezi:

• zokutya zobisi organic - ungagcina ukuya kwiiyure ezingamashumi amathathu anesithandathu. Ukuba kungamampunge ndlela iquka ukongeza kwisigcinakaliso kunye lwepolitiki ukupakisha, ubomi babo ezikhabhathini sandisiwe.
• Fish luthando - iiyure ezingamashumi amabini anesine ukuba ubushushu ivela kwiqanda ukuya degrees ezimbini thabatha.
• iimveliso Inyama - hayi ngaphezulu kweeyure ezingama ezingamashumi amane anesibhozo.
• Emkhenkceni iintlanzi - ikwiqondo lobushushu efanayo njengoko lupholile, kodwa umhla kwayo wokuphelelwa ziyure ezingamashumi amane anesibhozo.
• Salads enxibe - ukuya kutsho kwiiyure ezilishumi.
• Mahobe - up iiyure ezilishumi elinesithandathu, iikeyiki - up to asixhenxe anababini.

Ukugcinwa efrijini

Ukugcina kwimveliso elide, kufuneka emkhenkceni. Umbane yakhelwe iintlanzi ukugcina, inyama, iziqhamo engumkhenkce, imifuno, amaqunube kunye neenkowane. Kodwa zigcinwa ngonaphakade, sebenzisa iziphelo igama elifanayo.

Noko ke, ukuze kulondolozwe imveliso zinakonakala kangangokuba luya yaye ukulungele ukutyiwa kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Ukuze wenze oku, cinga zincomo zilandelayo:

• Products kufuneka hermetically olupakishiweyo. Ukulungiselela le njongo, izikhongozeli ekhethekileyo elungele 'amazinyo. Kulula ukuthenga evenkileni, ugxininise uhlobo kunye nobungakanani lwemveliso.

• Iinxalenye kufuneka yenziwe ngohlobo lokuba ngokwaneleyo ukuze kube kanye. Akunakwenzeka ukuba elithile ndikufuna kunye neemveliso kwakhona ngumkhenkce-, ingakumbi inyama okanye imifuno.

• kufuneka nganye ezibolayo ukuba bamakishe, esibonisa umhla kwizakhiwo zayo lwecamera. Kuyimfuneko ukuba zilidle imveliso zingadlulanga iinyanga ezimbini okanye ezintathu emva kokuba amazinyo. akuvumelekanga ixesha yokugcina elide.

Aphezulu ubomi kweemveliso eyonakalayo

Kuba uhlobo ngalunye lokutya zahluke kakhulu. Yintoni Impilo lweemveliso zinakonakala efrijini?

• iimveliso ibeyisoseji sauce Sicebisa nokugcina akukho ngaphezu kweenyanga ezimbini;
• inyama ekrwada kwifomu ekhenkcezisiweyo kunokugcinwa ixesha elide, wonke unyaka;
• inyama yenkukhu, zinqunqwe laziinyama - ukuya kutsho kwiinyanga ezilithoba;
• Iimveliso semi-igqityiwe, intlanzi kunye nenyama okuthambile - malunga ezine iinyanga.

Iimveliso ngabanye emva thawing balahlekelwe umgangatho wabo flavoring. Umzekelo, ubisi kunye neemveliso zayo, ezifana ibhotolo, itshizi, cream ezimuncu, engumkhenkce kakhulu, kodwa ke umgangatho incasa yabo iyatshintsha ukuba mandundu. Ukuba imveliso yokugcina ixesha sele kudlule, nevumba lawo, incasa okanye imbonakalo emva thawing uyathandabuza, kungcono ukuba ulilahle kude.

Aphezulu wobomi imveliso efrijini

Olu hlobo isixhobo ekhaya yenzelwe ukuba sandise ubomi lokugcinwa kwezinto iimveliso kunye amathayara zabo ixesha elifutshane. Zeziphi neemveliso konakalayo zigcinwa efrijini? Nazi ezinye zazo:

• Inyama, sausage, etshaya, ubisi, cream, iimveliso zobisi - iintsuku ezintathu;
• sausage kuphekwe, intlanzi eqhotsiweyo nobucwebe - kweentsuku ezimbini;
• salads okomunye - ngentsimbi yeshumi elinesibini;
• izidlo walungisa eyenziwe imifuno - ngenye imini.

Khekhe ezaliswe protein cream okanye iziqhamo kufuneka igcinwe kungekho ngaphezulu kweentsuku ezintathu; of ibhotolo - isiqingatha imini; ngowekhastadi - Iiyure ezintandathu.

Iimeko yokugcina iimveliso zinakonakala, nkqu efrijini, ezahlukeneyo. Nceda uqaphele uphawu ebezithunyelwe. Ukulungiselela le njongo, izikhongozeli, alumuniyam okanye iphepha. Akukhuthazwa ukuba iingxowa polyethylene.

Ukugcinwa iimveliso konakalayo kuxhomekeke indawo ezishelfini efrijini. Usondela kangakanani siqandisi, ezibandayo kuyo. Iindawo zikhuthazayo zithathwa komele emnyango. Products nge ezikhabhathini osezantsi obekwe kwi kwishelfu ephezulu, kwaye abanye - ngenxa yokwandisa ezikhabhathini. Le nabakhi asezantsi ziyilelwe iziqhamo kunye nemifuno nje, ukuba yokugoqa.

Indlela yokukhusela wena evela ekusetyenzisweni kweemveliso onganeno?

Xa uthenga iimveliso zokutya kufuneka sinikele ingqalelo umhla wokuphelelwa eshicilelweyo kwileyibhile.

A iingcebiso ezimbalwa ukuze umgangatho weemveliso:

• Thenga iimveliso konakalayo kuthe kwambatha kwimarike kufuneka kusasa kwada kokuba zaphela.
• Ukuthenga ukutya evenkileni, kufuneka uhlole ilebhile ukuze yokuzikhwebula yayo. Ukuba kukho izinto ezidibene kulu, ngoko peremarkirovyvali impahla, njengoko lokugcinwa siphelelwe lixesha. iimveliso ezifana Akuyomfuneko ukuba bathenge.
• Apho nayiphi na imveliso iphunga elibi, oko yaphulwe, oko akumele ekuthengeni.
• Xa imveliso kucazululwa, ithuba lokugcinwa lifinyele. Ngoko ke kungcono ukuba adle kuyo ngoko nangoko okanye ufake efrijini ixesha elifutshane elikhankanyiweyo kwileyibhile.
• Ukuba kukho ukuthandabuza malunga umgangatho imveliso, kubhetele ukuba athenge loo nto.
• Ukuba kunokwenzeka, amalungiselelo imveliso processing thermal.

Transport impahla eyonakalayo

Ngaphambi ukuzama ukuthutha olu didi mveliso, kufuneka bayazi ukuba zihlelwe ngokwemimiselo ntoni. imveliso ephelayo Kubalulekile imvelaphi ezahlukeneyo:

• imifuno - olu didi lubandakanya iziqhamo kunye nemifuno;
• isilwanyana - intlanzi, inyama kunye nobisi;
• zabo iimveliso - zobisi, sausage, namanqatha.

Ngokutsho indlela yokuhamba:

• Frozen - nempahla olwenziwa -6 ^{° C;}
• Olupholisa - iimveliso kuthuthwe kwiqondo lobushushu ka -5 ^C.

Kuba ukuthuthwa kweempahla zinakonakala usebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zezithuthi, kodwa nayiphi na wabo babe lobushushu enye. Ezikhethekileyo izithuthi zigqunyiwe - iimoto kunye okanye ngaphandle erhuqwayo. Iindonga zomzimba, ucango, uphahla, umgangatho eyenziwe zokwambathisa izinto ezaziza umda ukutshintshwa ubushushu phakathi iindawo ezimbini engaphandle kunye embilwini. Ezi ziquka:

• Iimoto-ezihambayo, umthombo lomkhenkce abandayo ke imvelaphi yendalo.
• iimoto kwisiqandisi - ezi unit ifriji ukugcina ubushushu kwindlela elinikiweyo.
• Road train, umzimba leyo zahlulwe ngamacandelo kwaye axhotyiswe kunye neeyunithi ifriji. Baye microprocessors ngayo inyenyisa ngokuzenzekelayo iqondo lobushushu.

imoto ngayinye kufuneka ihlangabezane neemfuno yococeko, apho eludongeni engaphakathi omzimba efanele unyango ngeso lenyama. magciwane kwayo yenziwa hayi ngaphantsi kwe kanye ngeentsuku ezilishumi.

uphawu

Kukho iintlobo ezininzi lwamagama imveliso. Ngamnye kubo kwikhava yawo ukubeka amanqaku. Ibonisa elide kangakanani ukuba ilingane imveliso. Ngomhla diphu ukutya zinakonakala ngokukodwa isicelo ukuya kutsho kumhla ngokupheleleyo wokwenziwa: ixesha, umhla, ngenyanga. Ukumakishwa kweemveliso konakalayo kuquka kuphela inyanga emini. Iimveliso Non-ezonakalayo ziphawulwe kuphela inyanga nonyaka esenziwe ngawo.

Kwi phakheji kufuneka kuboniswe ulwazi iimeko yokugcina ngayo. kufuneka uwaphule ezingxobeni lulodwa, ezimdaka, kunye isalathiso esicacileyo umhla wokuphelelwa okanye umhla wokwenziwa.