Inyikima komhlaba phantsi kweBashkortostan: izibalo, ukuvavanywa kwamangqina kunye neengcali

Ukuzamazama komhlaba - ukuguqulwa komhlaba, kwezinye iimeko ezikhokelela ekubhujisweni, iimpazamo zomhlaba, iintaba kunye nokuxothwa. Ngokuqhelekileyo zivela kwiindawo ezikufuphi kwimiba yeentaba, iziqhwithi eziqhutyayo. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, iinyikima zivakalelwa kwiindawo ezikude neentaba. Le nzekayo yendalo ingabonwa kuzo zonke iindawo zomhlaba. Yintoni eyabangela ukuzamazama komhlaba eBashkortostan, siya kuzama ukuqonda nokuphendula lo mbuzo.

Izizathu zokuzamazama komhlaba

KwiBashkiria, amaxesha amaninzi, iinyikima ezininzi ezingomeleleko zirekhodyiwe, ngamanye amaxesha ziba neengongoma ezine. Kodwa ezi zimbini zinokuthi zive Yintoni enokuyenza njengesizathu sentshukumo? Njengoko izazinzulu zichaza ukuba kwenzeke iinyikima komhlaba kwintsimi yeBashkiria, inokuthi iququzelelwe ngamaqhosha anamandla kwezinye iindawo zeMhlaba, imisebenzi enkulu yokwakha okanye i-karst kwiindawo kunye nezinye izizathu ezininzi. Ngexesha lokwakha i-Yumanguzin Reservoir ngo-2011, kuye kwaphawulwa amaninzi.

Inyikima yaseBashkiria ibhalwe ebusika ka-2017, xa izithili zaseMeleuzovsky zivakalelwa kakhulu. Oku kwenzeka ngoFebruwari 4 ngo-6.30 ntambama. Njengoko ababonela ngamehlo bachaza, yonke into yenzeke ngokukhawuleza. Indlu yazamazama. Amakhankethi atyunjwa kwaye izitya zibukeka, ukuvakalelwa kwakunjengokuthi iindawo ezinkulu zekhephu zawa ephahleni. Kodwa ikhephu alizange liwele ephahleni. Njengoko kwavela kamva, kwakukho inyikima. Iingcali zeNgqungquthela yeemeko ezixakekileyo zichaze eli qiniso kunye nama-echoes ama-4-point points in the Altai.

Ngaphambi kwesi siganeko, ukuzamazama komhlaba eBashkiriya kubhalwe ngoMeyi 2013, xa iindwendwe kwezinye izakhiwo e-Ufa zafuduswa. Ngelo xesha, inyikima enesibhozo esibhozo e-East Far. Iingcali zenzululwazi ziyazihlanganisa.

ITechnogenic version

Musa ukukhuphela ngaphandle izenzululwazi kunye nezizathu ze teknogenic zenani leentshukumo. Ngoko ngobusuku bukaSeptemba 6, 2015, enye inyikima yabhalwa eBashkiriya, kwenzeka kwi-Uchalinsky yesithili. Inkomfa yexesha elilodwa kunamandla irekhodiweyo. Wayomelele ngakumbi kwiziko. Indawo yendawo yesiphumo sayo yayilingana neekhilomitha ezintathu zeekwere.

Ngokuqinisekileyo, kukholelwa ukuba inyikima yenziwa yi-Uchalinsky iMining and Processing Processing Plant, ekhulayo kwiimakherubi ezinzulu. Inguqulo ye technogenic iphinde ixhaswe nguNgqongqoshe weeMeko eziPhezulu, kuba ikholelwa ukuba enye ingqiqo iyathetha malunga nayo, akunjalo nangokwemvelo. Kwakhona, sinokucinga ukuba kukho ukutshintshela okuqhelekileyo komhlaba, kodwa oku akuqinisekisiweyo.

Kwintsimi yeRiphabhlikhi yaseBashkiria kukho ubuninzi bemithombo yobutyebi bendalo, ukukhutshwa kwayo yinkqubela ephambili yomhlaba. Ukongezelela, ioli ikhutshwe apha, apho i-voids ibunjwa kwiindawo zomhlaba, ukwenzela ukuba iinguqu ze-technogic zemvelaphi ezithile zenzeke.

Iintaba zase-Ural

Intsimi yeBashkiria yiNtaba ye-Ural, kwaye oku akusiyo isakhiwo esincinane kodwa esisebenzayo. Iintaba zase-Ural zikho kwiindawo zokuzibandakanya ezimbini: i-East Europe ne-West Siberia. Le meko ingabangela uxinzelelo, ukungqubuzana. Ukuqinisekiswa kwalokhu kunokubakho inyikima ngo-Oktobha 19, 2015, engathinteli kuphela iBashkiria, kodwa iindawo zeSverdlovsk ne-Perm. I-epicenter yayisemgama wamakhilomitha angama-165 ukusuka eYekaterinburg eShali ukuhlala, ubukhulu beentlanzi ezibhaliswe ngu-Arti "i-obsti" yayingama-4.2 amanqaku. Ngokwe-Observatory efanayo, ukuthuthumela kwaqhubeka iminyaka emi-2.

Abantu abahlala kwiindawo zokuhlala kunye nezindlu bazama ukugubha izindonga kunye neefestile. Iingcali kwi-exploration seismic ye-USMU ziye zachonga ukuba zijonge kakhulu kwaye zibuthathaka. Inyikima yaseBashkiria ngo-Oktobha 19, 2015 yabonisa ukuba iintaba zase-Ural zihlala zihleli kunye neentlobo ezinyikima zisoloko zivakalelwa ngabantu abahlala kwiindawo ezininzi zase-Ural.

Yintoni inyikima?

Kuyamangalisa ukuva ukuba inyikima kwenzeka eBashkiria, kodwa kwenzeka. Zenzeka kuwo wonke umhlaba. Kwiminyaka engama-30 edlulileyo, izazinzulu ziye zafakazela ukuba ukukhupha komhlaba kuhamba. Oku kuqinisekiswa yi-oceanological, i-geophysical and geographical data efunyenwe ngoncedo lwezixhobo zanamhlanje. Yaye inxaxheba kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo yomhlaba ingahluka. Kukho iintlobo ezimbini zokuhamba: ngokukhawuleza-inhlekelele; I-slow-age-old.

Ngegama unokuqiqa ukuba izinto eziyingozi kakhulu nezonakalisayo ziyokuqala. Inyaniso enomdla: yonke imizuzu emihlanu kwiimyikima zomhlaba ibhalwa izikhululo zesistim. Ngokuguqulwa okunamandla, amandla anamandla kunye namaxesha amfutshane okuhlaselwa ngokukhawuleza kuya kuba ngumqondiso, uqulethe ukutshabalalisa okubi kunye nokubulawa kwabantu abaninzi.

Iingcali zenzululwazi zomhlaba zinebhanti ekhutheleyo, iquka iintaba zeAlps, iCaucasus, iCarpathians, iintaba zase-Central Asia, i-Himalaya. Kule bhanti itholakala e-Italy, apho beva khona iindubhu ezonakalisayo ngo-2016 ngo-Agasti 26. Ukuzamazama komhlaba eBashkortostan akuzange kubhalise namhlanje.

Imeko yeSismological eBashkortostan

Kwiintshukumo zeBashkiria ziqabile kwaye azibonakalisi zengozi. Izitishi zeso sikiti zibhalisa ikakhulu iinyikima ze-karst, ezenzeka ngenxa yokuwa kwamagumbi angaphantsi komhlaba. Akulona ingozi.

Nangona ukuba ibhanti ebonakalayo isebenze kude neBashkortostan, umsebenzi walo unokulandelwa kwiRiphabliki. Enyanisweni, bavame ukuba namandla. Ngokomzekelo, inyikima yabhalwa eBashkiria ngoDisemba 2000. Kwakuvezwa ngabemi baseUfa. Ngo-Oktobha Avenue, abahlali bezindlu eziliqela baphuma baya kwisitrato, apho i-chandeliers kunye nezitya zihlala khona.

Kwaye kwaphawulwa amaninzi ngamagunya amabini. Zibonakaliswa njengama-echoes of earthquake Tajik. Kodwa ngokutshatyalaliswa kwamandla angaphantsi kwehlabathi eJapan, inyikima yaseBashkiriya ngoJulayi 16, 2007 yayingagcinwanga.

Isakhiwo seGiological

Intsimi yeRiphabhlikhi inesakhiwo esisebunzima sendawo. Ingxenye yesithathu yalo iqulethwe ngamatye e-karstic. Njengomthetho, ngenxa yokuwa, benza i-voids, eyona kwinkqubo yokuwa phantsi iyongela inyikima.

Ummandla ugcwele iinkampani ezinobungozi, kuquka ukucocwa kweoli, amashishini ekhemikhali. Kwintsimi yeoli yeBashkortostan kunye neepayipi zegesi zihamba. Abantu baqhubeka bebandakanyeka kwimvelo: izakhiwo ezintsha zakhiwa; Ukubola ioli kunye negesi ngamanzi amaninzi, ukumba imigodi, iikheji ezinkulu. Oku kukhokelela ekusongweni kwenkunkuma yomhlaba, inkqubela yayo.

Isidingo sokwenza inkonzo yesistim

Kwimeko enzima, kuyimfuneko ukuchonga indawo ezinobungozi, ukujonga imeko yesimo se-republic. Isidingo sokwenza inkonzo yesistim, ukubikezela imeko ezibalulekileyo zisebenzisa i-geomagnetic, i-geological, i-geophysical and seismological studies, ingxamisekileyo.

Akukho mfuneko ukuba nethemba lokuba i-Urals yindawo ezolile ngayo kwisimo seismological. Yonke into kweli lizwe lihambelana. Uxolo namhlanje unokuba yingozi ngomso. Eyona nto ibonakala rhoqo kwiBashkiria, njengoko kuboniswe ngasentla, iinyikima, ezenziwe ngama-avalanches of rock karst, ukungabikho komsebenzi. Kubalulekile ukudala imephu enye, apho zonke indawo eziyingozi ziza kumakishwa.