In vitro e Germany

Okokuqala, in vitro (IVF) - yinkqubo apho iqanda leyo eye amadlozi ngaphandle emzimbeni bhinqa: in vitro. ECO yeyona ndlela iphambili unyango ukungachumi xa nezinye iindlela zobugcisa ekuzaleni ziwe phantsi. Inkqubo ibandakanya mkhanya yenkqubo ovulation nemazi, ekususeni amaqanda amaqanda umfazi aze amadlozi kwakheke nabo medium ulwelo elabhoratri. Xa Umjikelo yendalo lo mfazi kulawulwa, ukuchumisa ukufumana iqanda eziveliswe ngokwendalo, inkqubo ebizwa umjikelo yendalo IVF. Le iqanda (elilodwa) ke idluliselwe wesibeleko yomguli ngenjongo yokudala ukukhulelwa ngempumelelo. Ukuzalwa lokuqala oluphemeleleyo ye "uvavanyo-kwazalwa umntwana", Luizy Braun, kwenzeka ngo-1978. Luiza Braun wazalwa ngenxa umjikelo IVF yendalo. Robert G. Edwards, lo komzimba abasungula le ndlela yonyango, wawongwa ngeMbasa kaNobel e Physiology okanye Medicine ngo-2010.

Igama elithi "in vitro" kwintsingiselo Latin "kwiglasi" yaye usetyenziswa kuba imifuniselo ekuqaleni zebhayoloji kwi kulinywa izicwili ngaphandle esiphilayo abavela kuwo, eyathatyathiswa zeglasi ezifana elebhu, ityhubhu zovavanyo okanye izitya petri. Namhlanje, igama elithi "in vitro" lisetyenziswa ukubhekisela nayiphi na inkqubo zebhayoloji ukuba olwenziwa ngaphandle komzimba, apho iseli iza kuphuhlisa ngesiqhelo, ukwahlula oko livela vivo inkqubo, apho inyama uhlala ngaphakathi esiphilayo apho kudla nto. elithi Othetha "ityhubhu yovavanyo baby 'yasungulwa kwiimveku izalelwe IVF, kwaye kunxulumene isikhongozeli tubular ngeglasi okanye yentlaka iplastiki, ebizwa ityhubhu zovavanyo ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwemichiza kunye neelabhoratri eziphilayo. Noko ke, in vitro, yenziwa kwiityhubhu ezincinci, ekuthiwa Petri izitya. Enye indlela IVF, autologous endometrial co-culture, Kwandile eyenziwa ngokusekelwe eziphilayo izinto, kodwa abasafakwe zithathwa ukuba babe "in vitro".

IVF ingasetyenziswa ngenxa yonyango ukungachumi ababhinqileyo, ezinxulumene iingxaki tubes, nto leyo eyenza kube nzima kakhulu ekukhulelweni in vivo. Kwakhona kunceda unyango ukungachumi eyindoda, apho kukho isiphene ezikumgangatho sperm. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, amadlozi intracytoplasmic (ITSIS) isitofu ingasetyenziswa apho yenzala lesitofu ngqo kwi eqandeni. Oku kusetyenziswa xa isidoda lula ukungena iqanda, kwaye kwezi meko zingasetyenziswa amadlozi lwe iqabane okanye ukunikela. ITSIS wasebenzisa xa yenzala luphantsi kakhulu. Kuye kwafumaniseka ukuba ukusetyenziswa ITSIS ukwandisa ipesenti IVF impumelelo.

ukhenketho Reproductive - umkhuba ngayo ukuya kwamanye amazwe ngenxa unyango ukungachumi. It ingabonwa njengendlela kukhenketho zonyango. Iimbangi ezingundoqo ukhenketho ukuvelisa isenokuba ummiselo yomthetho inkqubo efunekayo kweli lizwe ekhaya, okanye amaxabiso asezantsi. In vitro nalowo amadlozi iinkqubo ezisisiseko ukhenketho okuzala.

Kukho imfuneko jikelele kubaxhasi amadlozi abaneengxaki yemfuza entsatsheni, kunye nombono kakhulu, imfundo ephakamileyo, kwaye maxa wambi nkqu ixabiso othile ubude, ubudala, umbala wamehlo, iinwele, igazi kunye nobuhlanga. Anecdotally, kodwa amava abonisa ukuba imfuno ephakamileyo abaxhasi abo blonde yendalo onamehlo aluhlaza, kwelikhulu. Mhlawumbi yiloo nto abakhenkethi zonyango abaninzi kangaka kuza eJamani kunye neenjongo okuzala.