Indlela yokukhulisa i-oiler ngokwakho?

Sonke siyazi ukuba kunokwenzeka ukwandisa i-agarics yobusi, ama-mushroom ama-oyster, ama-champignon ukusetyenziswa komntu kunye nokuthengiswa. Kwaye kuthiwa ngamahlathi amakhowe: amhlophe, ama- chanterelles, imithi ye-birch nabanye? Emva koko, i-mycorrhizal, oko kukuthi, abakwazi ukuhlala kwaye bahlakulele ngokuzimela, ngaphandle kwe-commonwealth kunye nomthi womgcini. Kuzuko lwabalimi be-amateur, iindlela ezininzi zokuhlakulela ama-mushroom ehlathi kwiindawo ezizifama kunye nesakhiwo segadi. Kule nqaku, siza kuthetha malunga nobuqili bokuzimela ngokuzimeleyo kwama-mushroom amakhowe, ama-mushroom amnandi afanelekileyo okuhlambulula, ukucoca nokupheka isobho.

Ingcamango ethile. Igama elithi "mycorrhiza" lenziwa ngamagama amabini aseGrisi, elithi "myco" yi-fungus kunye ne "riza" ingumngcambu, kwaye ibonisa ubuhlobo be-symbiotic (buzuzisayo) phakathi kwenkqubo yeengcambu zezityalo kunye nezifungulu. I-Gribokoren ithuthukisa ukuhanjiswa kwezondlo kwiingcambu, kwandisa ukwanda komthi - symbiota, kunciphisa ukuphendula kokuxinwa ngexesha lokwalela, ukungabi nalutho lwezinto ezilandelelanayo. Yingakho umthi uchukumisa i-mycelium ukuba ikhule kwaye ibe yimizimba yezityalo kuphela ekungondlekeni, kwaye unakho ukubona ama-mushroom phantsi kwemithi ekhulayo kunqongophala, kunokuba inhlabathi enomhlabathi. Ininzi iifungi zehlathi zenza i-mycorrhizas kunye neentlobo ezithile zemithi, umzekelo, i-fungus emhlophe ihlala kufuphi ne-firs, birches kunye neepines, kodwa i-oleaginas (i-ole, ibhetela yeoli, iMaslenik - namanye amagama) akhethiweyo kwaye adibanisa kuphela kwimigodi, mhlawumbi ibancinci.

Kukho iindlela ezimbini zokwandisa ioli.

1. Kwimeko yokuqala, kufuneka ukhulise imithi yepine kummandla wegadi. Ukulungiselela izinto zokutyala kufuneka uvelise ibhotela enqabileyo ehlathini . Ioli kufuneka ihluthe kakuhle, ivunwe. Kwaye abakhethi be-mushroom abanamava banokukhetha okukhethwa kukho:

• Ekwindla, qhekeza iinqayi zibe ngamaqhezu amancinci uze uwafefe kwindawo esemanzi ejikeleze umthi, uwagubungele ngeenaliti eziwileyo, ukuba isithuba esingenakwaneleyo, iveki ngaphambi kokuhlwayela i-spore ungayilungisa "umlambo" kwi-straw yangaphambili okanye ebilisiwe;
• Njengendlela yokukhetha, unganokuthulula umhlaba malunga nomthi kunye nokumiswa kwamanzi amakhowe afuthayo kunye nokongeza komgubo wokutya kunye ne-gelatin (ibhakethi nganye 1).
• Indlela yesithathu yokulungiselela ukumiswa kukuba yinkxalabo enkulu, kodwa nayo iyona ndlela iyasebenza. Okokuqala, kufuneka uhlukanise ugcino lwe-granular nge-spores, ugaya kwaye ulibeke kwisitya kunye namanzi (1-2 ilitha yomxube nge-10 ilitha amanzi); Okwesibini, njenge-stimulator yokukhula yongeza ama-gramu e-15 yemvubelo eyomileyo, uze ushiye iindiki ezimbini. Iingxabano ngeli xesha ziya kuhlala phantsi. Emva koko kufuneka udle amanzi ngamanzi, kwaye uthele i-sediment kwisitya. Umxube we-mushroom onika ubomi ulungele ukuhlwayela ngaphakathi konyaka ukususela ngexesha lokulungiselela. Ngaphambi kokuthulula i-liquid nge spores phantsi kwemithi, kufuneka ihlanjululwe 1: 100 ngamanzi. Emva koko, ngobumnene nangobungakanani, ngokusebenzisa ukuthambisa, uthele umhlaba omanzi kakuhle phantsi kweepinili, ukhetho olufanelekileyo lokwenza oku ngexesha lemvula.

2. Ukuba awunayo imithi efanelekileyo kwisayithi, jonga ehlathini i-pine-two-years (malunga nomitha omnye ubukhulu) ngamakhowe enamafutha ekhula ngeenxa zonke (ngokulandelayo akufuneki kubekho amakhowe anokhuphiswano olulwisanayo kunye ne-mycelium ekwindla.

Ukuba izimpande ze-mushroom zenziwe okanye zihlaliswe kwindawo entsha, kufuneka udale izimo ezifanelekileyo ze-mycelium. Ukunisela rhoqo kuyimfuneko ukuba ukhula njengama-mushroom njengebhotela. I-buttercup ikhula kwintlango phakathi kwengca, ngoko kuzama ukuphinda uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde ufunde indawo yakho. Kufuneka uhlwayelwe ezinye izityalo kwaye utshale izihlahla.

Amakhowe kufuneka aqale ukuvelisa iziqhamo zonyaka wesibini emva kokutyala: ngokufanelekileyo kwaye ngokukhawuleza, kwaye ngaphezu kweyodwa ngexesha elizayo uya kuvuyela ibhotela. Ibhotela elenziwe kwiindawo ezenziwayo azikho izibungu, ezithandekayo ngakumbi. Isayithi ene-mycelium kufuneka ikhutshwe kwi-stampling. Amakhowe akhula kangcono ngexesha lezimvula, ngoko xa iziqhamo zenyama zibonakala, unokulinganisa imvula yemvelo kunye nokunkcenkceshela kwamanzi okungabonakali. Ngokuqinisekileyo, ukulima okunomsila kwindawo yomyezo i-100% echanekileyo yinto yokuba itafile izaliswa rhoqo ngama-mushrooms amasha. Ngoko ke, ukuba ubungakanani bezaziso zegadi bavumela, bahlanganyele ekuhlaleni ama-mushroom amahlathi - musa ukuzisola!