Iipatata zaseGranada: inkcazo eyahlukileyo, ukulima

I-Potato Granada - uhlobo oluthile olutsha, olwakhiwa ngo-2015 kwaye luyimiphumo yomsebenzi wezenzululwazi zaseJamani. Ngokukhula kukubhekiselele kwiintlobo eziphakathi kwexesha elide. Ixesha lohlaza litshintsha ukusuka kwiintsuku ezingama-95 ukuya kwi-110.

I-Granada Iitatayi: Iintlobo ezichaziweyo

Isithombiso sibonisa ngokucacileyo indlela enhle kwaye idibene ngayo izilimo eziyizigaxa zepatata. Zikhulu ngokwaneleyo, i-oval in shape, i-elongated kancane. Isisindo somlinganiselo wesampuli esisodwa si malunga ne-100 gram. Esinye isiqithi sinikeza ukuvelisa izityalo eziqingqiweyo eziphakathi kwe-10 ukuya kwe- Amehlo obunzulu bobunzulu bebhukhimakhi, amancinci, ebusweni bomntwana afakwa ngokusemthethweni.
I-pulp iyinto ephuzi ephuzi, ayitshintshi ngomonakalo owenziwe ngethuba lokuvuna kunye nokunyuswa kwelanga. Ipesenteji yesitashi kwiifatata ziphantsi-10-13%, ezenza kube lula ukufumana isakhiwo esifanayo kwisithelo emva kokupheka.

Ukunambitha - malunga nama-5 amanqaku

Makhe sijonge kwiimpawu zeetatati zaseGranada. Inkcazo yeentlobo zeziqhamo zenzalo kumafama amaninzi, kuba ithathwa njengelona lihle kakhulu. Amanqaku okunambitha amanqaku angama-4.8 avela ezintlanu. Inzuzo ebalulekileyo yeentlobo ezihlukeneyo ukuchasana nesomiso, okubaluleke ngakumbi xa ukhula kwimimandla esemzantsi ye-Ukraine kunye neRashiya ngexabiso lalo eliphantsi. Iipatata zaseGranada, inkcazo eyaziwayo ngokutsha nje, ibonakalise ukuba iyona nto ibalulekileyo ekugcinweni kwayo. Ukuhoxiswa kwemilinganiselo emva kwexesha lobusika malunga ne-3%.

I-Granada (amazambane): inkcazelo yokutyala imisebenzi

Ukutyala, ukulungiswa kwenzeka ukusuka ekwindla, kwaye kwindlela yokuvuna izilimo eziyizigaxa ezinempilo zikhethiweyo. Ngethuba lokufika kwentwasahlobo, izinto ezikhethiweyo zembewu ziyakutyalwa kwindawo evulekile, kwaye kunokwenzeka ukukhulisa izithombo kuwo, ukwandisa isivuno, ngokwemafama amaninzi, ngama-40%. Ukwenza oku, entwasahlobo, izilimo eziyizigaxa kufuneka ziphule izityalo ezibonakalayo kwaye zifake ebhokisini ngokubunjwa kwangaphambili kwimihlaba, isanti kunye ne-peat. Iigrifu kwi-2/3 engcwatyelwe emhlabathini, ephakanyiswayo njengoko itsha. Ukuze uphumelele bhetele, ibhokisi kufuneka ikhutshwe ngefilimu kwaye ibekwe kwindawo edibeneyo. Amahlumela okuqala aya kubonakala kwiiveki ezi-3. Kwaye kwisiqingatha senyanga unokwenza ukufika kwawo emhlabathini. Kucetyiswa kwimizi yezityalo ezicetywayo ukuba ungathathi ngaphezu kwamaxesha amabini.

Ukutyala kwamazambane kufuneka kwenziwe kwintwasahlobo, ukugcina umgama phakathi kwemigca ye-70 cm. Kwimiqolo, i-interval phakathi kwama-tubers kufuneka ibe ngama-25-30 cm. Iifate zezitatyambo ziphantsi, kwi-inflorescences kukho iindidi ezi-4-6. Iifama ziluhlaza oluhlaza, ezincinci. Ngexesha leentyantyambo, iintyatyambo ezincinci ezine-corolla ezimhlophe zingabonwa kwiindawo eziphakamileyo.

Ukunyamekela amazambane

Inkcubeko ayinangqiqo, ingathobeki, kulula ukunyamekela kwaye ivelise kakhulu. Iimpawu ezinjalo yizambatho zaseGranada. Inkcazo yeentlobo ezahlukeneyo, impendulo yabathengi, umsebenzi wokukhetha ukwenza inxaxheba ekukhuthazeni le ngqungquthela kwizicwangciso zendlu. Ukuba kukho imvula yaneleyo yendalo, akudingekile ukuba amanzi asele kwisityalo sokuqala. Imilinganiselo yokunkcenkceshela kwimimandla esezantsi kunye nesimo sezulu esiqingqiweyo kufuneka senziwe kanye emva kweentsuku ezili-10. Ukutya isityalo kunokuthiwa iintaka zeentaka, i-sulphate kunye ne-superphosphate. I-fertilizing yokuqala inconywa ukuba yenziwe emva kwenyanga ukusuka kwithuba lokutshala. Ngokuyimfuneko kwinkqubo yokukhula, kuyadingeka ukuba udibanise iifatata, oku kukhuthaza ukubunjwa kwehlabathi ukuhluma kunye nokugcina umswakama emhlabathini.

Ukucoca nokugcinwa

I-Potato Granada, inkcazo yale nto ichazwe ngqalelo yakho, ikulungele ukuvuna ngo-Agasti. Xa kuvuna izitato zikhethiweyo ngezizathu ezimbini: ukutshala nokutya. Kwinkqubo, ukukhishwa kweziqhamo ezimele kunye nezifo zenziwa.
Ukugcinwa ngcono, izilimo eziyizigaxa kufuneka ziphathwe ngesisombululo se-sulfate ngesibalo kwisilinganiso segrimu e-2 kwilitha nganye ngeekitha ezili-10 zamanzi. Ukugcina iitapile kunconywa kwindawo eyomileyo, emnyama kunye epholile (ngokukhethekileyo kwiplasini) kwiibhokisi zeenkuni ezinezivulo ezincinci ezibonelela ngomoya. Ubuncinane kwinyanga, izityalo zengcambu kufuneka zihlolwe ukuba zitshathwe.

Izifo kunye nezinambuzane

Iipatata zaseGhanada, inkcazo yeentlobo ezahlukeneyo ezithatha ukufumana isityalo esinjalo kwiindawo ezingamakhulu asithandathu, isityalo esinganyangekiyo kwizifo ezininzi (isikhala, i-nematode yegolide, i-phytophthora, umdlavuza wezambatyambo, ukubola kwama-tubers, ukuguquka kwamagqabi). Ngokutsho kwabavelisi bemifuno, oku kuyinzuzo enkulu xa ukhetha olu hlobo. Ngelishwa, le nkcubeko ayinamandla ngaphambi kokuba iFusarium ifune, ngokutshatyalaliswa kokushiya ukufumana umbala okhanyayo, kunye neziqu ziyaqhakaza. Iintsuku ezimbalwa zanele ukwenza isityalo siphume ngokupheleleyo. U-Ogorodniki uqaphele ukuba kunokwenzeka ukulwa nesifo eso ngokutshabalalisa ngexesha elifanelekileyo leentsholongwane ezinokusuleleka, ukugcinwa kwemithetho yokujikeleza kwezityalo, ukunyanga okutshalwa kwezilimo ezinobuncwane nezisombululo zamananese, i-boron kunye nosawoti wethusi.

Umonakalo omkhulu kwisityalo kubangelwa i-Colorado beetles. Ukulindela ubusika emhlabathini, ezinjalo iintlekele ziphuma ngokufika kwentwasahlobo kwaye zibeka amaqanda emva kwamacembe. Kwiiveki ezintathu kamva, izibungu ezitshitshiweyo ziqala ngokutya ngokutsha. Ukuphelisa iintlobo ezinambuzane kungenziwa ngokuqokelelwa ngemveliso kwisityalo ngesandla. Ukutshiza ngokuchanekileyo kunye neziyobisi "Bitoksibatsillin", emele iphathwe ngezihlandlo 3-4.