Inkolelo: Inkcazo. Inkolelo kaLosev. Inkcazo yegama lam

AmaGrike aseMandulo, amaScandinavia, amaqhinga aseMpumalanga ayaziqhelanisa nakwinkoliso yethu ebuntwaneni. Izidalwa ezimangalisayo, imvelaphi yezifundo, amaqhawe anamandla, ezo zizinto zawo, ziyakhunjulwa ngenxa yobomi njengenxalenye yexesha elidlulileyo lemiphakathi. Intsingiselo yeengcali kunye neenganekwane kubantwana akunzima kakhulu. Le nto ifana nefestile, imifanekiso yabantu basendulo abangayazi nto, kodwa wonke umntu wazama ukuchaza. Nangona kunjalo, inkcazelo yegama elithi "inkolelo" ayilula. Emva kweembali eziqhelekileyo zifihla ihlabathi lonke.

Inkcazo yeemeko zangempela

Intsingiselo "inkolelo yembali yembono yabadali bayo" ingabonakala ingaqhelekanga. Nangona kunjalo, uhlalutyo lwabaphengululi abaninzi belifa leentlanga ezahlukeneyo lusenza sikwazi ukuthetha ngokunyaniseka kwayo. Ngomntu osemncinane, iimbali zamandulo zenza njengento isayensi isenza kuthi namhlanje. Wachaza iintlobo ezahlukahlukeneyo, iinkqubo ezisekelweyo, iziganeko ezibalulekileyo. Iimpawu zengqiqo yeengqiqo zehlabathi zisekelwe kwiimpawu zokucinga ezivela kubantu bexesha elithile lembali.

Imifanekiso, amagama kunye neengxelo ezazalelwa ekuqapheliseni abantu zacelwa ukuba zichaze izinto eziqhelekileyo kunye neziganeko, kunye nemimiselo yoluntu.

Siseko

Impawu yokucinga eyenza inkolelo yamagama inkqubo yokuchaza nokuqonda ihlabathi inokuncitshiswa kwizinto ezilandelayo:

• Ukungabikho kwamandla okuhlukanisa phakathi kokwenene kunye nokwemvelo;
• Ukugxeka okuphantsi, kuboniswe ngokungahoyiki ukuphikisana okucacileyo;
• Kuphela iqondo lokuqala lophuhliso lweengcamango ezingabonakaliyo;
• Ukuqonda ngokuchanekileyo;
• Umfanekiso;
• Umoya.

Ezi kunye nezinye iimpawu zokucinga kwangaphambili zilinganisa intsomi kunye nehlabathi.

Ubuncwane obalulekileyo kunye nomthetho ongatshintshiyo

Ku nokuba nencazelo yegama elithi "inkolelo": yinto ekhethekileyo eqinisekisa ubungqina benkqubo ethile kwaye ichaza ukubonakala kwayo. Okhokho bethu basemazantsi babengenayo iincwadi zokuziphatha kunye neengxelo ezixubileyo eziyalela le nto okanye uhlobo lolawulo ngexesha elithile. Konke oku kwatshintshwa kwinqanaba elithile. Kwakunomthombo onamandla, amanzi awalungiselela umhlaba ukuphuhliswa kwefilosofi, inzululwazi kunye noncwadi.

Omnye wabaphandi abaye ba landela umxholo weengcali kuwuqwalasela ngokusuka kwinqanaba elincinane. Ngoko, enye yeengcamango ezibalulekileyo zesayensi yenziwe ngu-A.F. Losev. Umbhali wenqaba umxholo wophando lwakhe kumsebenzi ocacileyo kunye nengqiqo. Intsingiselo yenkolelo ngokwemisindo yeLosev ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: inkolelo yegama lomlingo owandisiweyo. Kuyi-fusion yeembono kunye nemifanekiso yenyama, ibonakaliswe kwaye ichazwe ligama elinye igama.

Inkolelo kunye nenkolo

I-Mythology kunye nenkolo ayifani. Ziyabonakala ngokwahlukileyo komnye nomnye, kodwa zibandakanya ngokubanzi kulo lonke imbali yoluntu. I-Mythology njengombono wehlabathi uquka inkolo, kunye nefilosofi yokuqala kunye nolwazi. Ngaloo ndlela, kubalulekileyo. Inkolelo nje ngokuba igama lichazwe kumfanekiso othile okanye kwisithethe senkolo. Ngoko akayi ibali eliqhelekileyo, kodwa umdaniso, ingoma okanye enye isenzo sithethe. Nangona kunjalo, olu lwalamano aluphelelanga kunye nezakhiwo zombini. Izinto ezibizwa ngokuba yizinkolelo zamasiko ziza kuchaza imigaqo. Ziyabonakala rhoqo, xa intsingiselo yokuqala yezenzo ilahlekile. Ezi ngongoma-ezilandelelanayo zikwesiqhelo kwisithethe.

Inkolelo kunye neNcwadi

Ukuze inkcazelo yegama elithi "inkolelo" ibe yinto eqondakalayo, kuyacaca ukuba ukwahlula le ngcamango kwaye ihambelana nayo. Phakathi kwabo - ibali lefestile, i- heroic epic, i- legend. Iibini zokuqala zikhula kwimbali. Inkcazelo yamanqaku inomlinganiselo omncinci womsebenzi we-etiological (ayithethi malunga nemvelaphi yento nayiphi na into), kaninzi ihlinzekwa ngengqiqo. Umlandisi kunye nabaphulaphuli bayazi ukuba izinto ezingenakwenzekayo zeziganeko ezichazwe. Inkolelo yenzeka kwenzeka kwinkqubo yokungenzi lutho. Umxholo wayo uqondwa "njengokuba kunjalo" kwaye akaze abuze.

Igalelo eliphambili eliyingqungquthela eyenziwa kwi-epic ngumfanekiso weqhawe lemveli. Ngokwakhe, abaninzi abalinganiswa ababaziyo kuthi bakhulile. Ngokomlinganiselo "okhulayo" we-epic ukusuka kwi-archaic ukuya kwiifomu "eziqhubekayo", inani lezinto eziyingqungquthela kulo linciphisa.

Kwiintliziyo zeengcamango zidla ngokubakho imicimbi yeembali. Nangona kunjalo, umgca phakathi kweengcali kunye neengxelo ezinjalo zichasene kakhulu. Iindinyana zeziganeko ezahlukeneyo zembali zihlangene kakhulu kunye neengxelo zobomi kunye nemisebenzi yabonkulunkulu kunye nezinye izinto ezintle.

Ingcaciso yenkolelo yamagama njengokhokho wencwadi yile ndlela ichanekileyo. Ngokwakhe, amaninzi amaninzi elandelwayo achaza.

Incazelo yegama elithi "inkolelo" lihlukile nakubhali bezohlukeneyo. Nangona kunjalo, bonke abaphandi bayavuma ukuba intsomi yindlela ekhangayo yenkcubeko, enokukwazi ukuthetha ngokudlulileyo kwintlalo yabantu.