Inqanaba kophuhliso izinambuzane: buso kunye nokutshintshwa ngokupheleleyo

uphuhliso Post-osandul, eyaziwa ngenye poslezarodyshevym, zonke izinto-abemi umhlaba wethu lungohlulwa lube iifom ezimbini: ngqo nengxelo-ntetho. Uhlobo lokuqala sizalwa izirhubuluzi, iintaka, izilwanyana. Wazalwa okanye ephuma kweqanda ikopi encinane omdala. Olunye uhlobo yophuhliso ifumaneka iintlanzi, izilwanyana eziphila emhlabeni nasemanzini kunye arthropods. Kweli nqaku, besebenzisa izixhobo eziphathekayo, siza kuqwalasela nqanaba kuphuhliso izinambuzane.

Indima bemvelo ayaguquka

Uphuhliso iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezilwanyana kunye ezingaphelelanga kunye epheleleyo milo (milo) ibonelela iimeko ezininzi kangangoko ngenxa yomphefumlo kweefom ulutsha kunye nabantu abadala kunye kunciphisa ukhuphiswano kwisiseko ukutya phakathi kwabo. Oku kukuvumela ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwezibonelelo ukutya ezizezinye, kwaye ibhexesha kunikwe kwakhona kweentlobo occupy zokuhlala (umoya, umhlaba, amanzi okanye ngaphantsi komhlaba). olukhulu sinambuzane sesinye sezizathu inani elikhulu kweentlobo zezinto eziphilayo kwixesha langoku ehlabathini (ngaphezu kwesigidi). Asezikhundleni phantse zonke ezikhoyo yayigcinwa eziphilayo. Izinambuzane uhlobo iklasi arthropods. Uphuhliso inyathelo kwezinambuzane ezi zigaba zilandelayo: iqanda (uphuhliso bungu), umbungu, nguphunguphungu, imago (uphuhliso postembryonic).

amaqanda Inyathelo na isigaba sokuqala kunye nesiseko umjikelo wobomi zezinambuzane. It has a sabaleka ezimbalwa. Eyokuqala ibizwa ngokuba chorion (la engenamsebenzi zokuzikhusela mechanical). Olunye uhlobo, oko umaleko elinzima wax okanye ngechitin kunye owabulawa kunye pores. Iqokobhe yesibini, sac okanye serous, ngqo wadibana imveku. It inikezelwa yi-sac. Imilo, umbala kunye nobukhulu amaqanda chorionic izinambuzane ezahlukeneyo ohlukahlukeneyo. Ngenxa yoko, iintethe amaqanda ubude egqitha 11 mm, nezinambuzane zesigcawu - mm 0,14 kuphela. izinambuzane abaninzi babeke amaqanda abo, nangona nawo kukho iintlobo viviparous, ezifana Madagascar kudliwe. Ukususela iqanda iphuma yile mibala, nto leyo ke isigaba esilandelayo lophuhliso zezinambuzane.

ukuguquka ngokupheleleyo

Kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba iintlobo subclass inyakanyaka enamaphiko. Ngaphambi kokuba umntu omdala - imago, weza umzimba ngaphandle iqanda, abafumana izigaba ezibini ezahlukeneyo ngokupheleleyo ubomi: kombungu kunye pupae. Izinambuzane, obubonakala ngokuba yi olukhulu kakhulu, ebizwa golometabolicheskimi. Ezi ziquka amaqela lepidoptera, Diptera, Coleoptera, njalo-njalo. D.

isigaba Iimpawu ebe

Ba, ngaphezu kwabo bonke, kulwakhiwo yokwakheka komzimba. ezidla Uninzi inkqubo ndingekho zokuzala. Kwakhona mouthparts ezahlukeneyo, yaye ngenxa yoko uhlobo lokutya. Cinga amanqanaba mibungu yophuhliso izinambuzane kunye milo ayiphelelanga.

Enye yezinto eziphilayo kakhulu - uhlabamanzi, ibeka amaqanda ayo amanzi amanzi ukuma. Emva kweentsuku ezingama-20, yaye kwiintlobo ezithile emva kweenyanga 2-9 kubonakala pronymph (prelarvae), ohlala imizuzwana nje embalwa, ngoko libunile, uMbumbi Naiad - a real laba kwindawo. It has a ubungakanani obuncinane (1.5 mm), kunye umjikelo wobomi, ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo sinambuzane ungatsala ukusuka kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ukuya kwiminyaka yokuqala ukuya kweyesithathu. Impethu ngenkuthalo uzingela emanzini kwaye noqhoqhoqho ngenxa ukuphefumla, ngoko ngokufuthi liphuma ngaphezulu.

Ukuqhubeka molt kwaye zikhula, yena akhasa ephuma emanzini kwi isityalo amanzi iziqu kwaye uguqulwe sisinambuzane abadala - ledragonfly ukuba amaphiko ezithambileyo kunye nomzimba ezikuyo. Kuba ngoxa kuyo akasuki. Ngechitin layer egubungele Liqinisa izinambuzane. Ledragonfly uba ukwazi ukubhabha. Ukushwankathela, ezi zilandelayo: ezidla oohlabamanzi kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo yokuhlala lunika ukwandiswa kwezi zinambuzane. Qaphela ukuba uhlabamanzi oqolileyo ngesondo isinambuzane Umbungu yayo ezifana ngazo ukutya ngendlela (zombini kumarhamncwa) kunye nokuphefumla (imizimba - noqhoqhoqho). Umahluko ke kukuba ezihlala kuyo: imago bahlala emoyeni, yaye izilwanyana - emanzini.

ezidla isinambuzane olukhulu kakhulu

Abameli lepidoptera umyalelo, umzekelo, amabhabhathane, ezinqunquthayo, yaye kuthiwa zahluke kakhulu ukusuka omdala. Ukususela iqanda iphuma yile mibala, eyiva iqokobhe lakhe kwaoko iqala ukutya amagqabi kunye nezinye iindawo kwisityalo kunye emihlathini yabo ezinamandla - mandibles. umzimba wakhe umbungu-like, sinentloko, thoracic ezintathu kunye namacandelo ezilishumi esiswini. Izigqubuthelo banikwe iinwele - ezifumaneka. Butterflies - izinambuzane, obubonakala ngokuba yi uguqulelo epheleleyo. Kwi umlebe esezantsi umbungu a yentsimbi umphunga, nto leyo iyayahlula i kuyimfihlo. Congealing emoyeni, yenza ngomsonto ukuba usebenzisa mibala ukuze Cocoon ukwakhiwa. Ukuhlala kuyo, yile mibala iba nguphunguphungu. Kunokuba baphile kwiiveki eziliqela ukuya kwiminyaka omnye ukuya kwemithathu, yaye wenza moth Uphunguphungu ukuya kwiminyaka-10. Umzimba wakhe abunjwe glycerol kunye betaine - zinendlela yemvelo.

ibhabhathane Umbungu - izinambuzane noguqulo epheleleyo, ngokufuthi iyanetha. molt yokugqibela iziphelo zawo pupation. Kwezinye iintlobo kombungu kwezinambuzane namagama ezahlukeneyo. Umzekelo, amabhungane, sawflies - ngumbungu, xa alleculinae kunye darkling - lozhnoprovolochnik, izilwanyana ekuthiwa ezidla oohlabamanzi kunye prelarvae ekuthiwa Oophunguphungu zabo.

Yintoni nguphunguphungu

Esi sigaba somjikelo wobomi izinambuzane, nto leyo ekhokelela kuphuhliso abantu abaqolileyo - imago. sigaba lunamathela ungachazwa ukuba umzimba amandla kwaye awukwazi ukuhamba. Ukongeza isilika, lo Cocoon ukulungiselela ukwakhiwa kunye nokomelezwa izilwanyana basoloko ukusebenzisa amasuntswana lesanti okanye lukhule. Xa zazibekwe free lunamathela, imilenze kunye kwamaphiko abadala elizayo abantu zifumaneka simahla kwaye kufutshane umzimba. pupae zagutyungelwa uphawu iintlobo ezininzi amabhabhathane, ladybugs, ezinye Diptera.

imago

Kuba nqanaba lokugqibela lophuhliso zinambuzane luphawulwa ukuyilwa lokuzala (inkqubo angasese), yaye zonke iimpawu zangaphandle ezendeleyo kolu hlobo. Njengoko Umbungu, imago owenza umsebenzi nangokuyisasaza kwezinambuzane kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zokuhlala. Ukongeza, abadala banoxanduva yokuvelisa babe zangasese. Xa eyindoda, zibizwa ngokuba amatyhalarha kunye nabasetyhini - zamaqanda. Kukho kwakhona amadlala ayamileyo secreting i amalungu ngasese kunye copulatory ukuba ukukhwela.

Kweli nqaku, senza wajonga inqanaba lophuhliso zizinambuzane, kunye nophuhliso ngqo olukhulu ezingaphelelanga kunye epheleleyo.