Inzala yamaDurovs. Iiskrikhi zabaculi

I-Durovs ibinina elidumileyo kwimbali yaseRashiya. Abameli balo babantu abadumileyo kunye nabadlali beesksi. Abaqeqeshisi bezilwanyana baya kuma-atnas yee-circuses zehlabathi, kunye nakwiimifanekiso ze-cinema kunye neefowusta zezobugcisa ezibizwa ngokuba ngu-Lev Durov, umculi othandwayo, udla ngokubonakala.

Nadezhda Durova

Phakathi kookhokho bobukumkani obuzukileyo nguNadezhda Durova, i heroine yemfazwe ye-1812, intombazana enengqiqo. Wayengumlawuli waseTuzouzov ngexesha leMfazwe yasePatricia, kwiMfazwe yaseBroodino yafumana ingqungquthela. Ngo-1816 uNadezhda wasethatha umhlalaphantsi waza wahlala ePetersburg. Emva koko wahamba waya kuyise, kwaye emva kokufa kwakhe - kumntakwabo. Ukukhathala kwexhala, uNadezhda waqalisa ukuhlalutya iirekhodi kwaye wagqiba ekubeni abhale i-autobiography. U-Vasily Andreevich, umntakwabo, wayazi u-Alexander Pushkin. Wacebisa ukuba abonise imbongi imbhalo yesandla. UPushkin waxabisa kakhulu umsebenzi kwaye wazama ukupapasha. Impumelelo yayiyinkulu. U-Nadezhda Durova, ngokukhawuleza waba ngumthandwayo, wabhala amaninzi amane amabali amfutshane kunye namabali, kodwa umdla wakhe wancinci waqala ukuyeka. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, wenza inxaxheba ekuthandeni aze aguqule indlu yakhe ibe yinto encane. Ithemba lithatha zonke izilwanyana ezishiyiweyo nezigulayo ezidibeneyo endleleni.

Intetho kaVladimir noAnatoly Durov

Inzala yakhe yamkela ukuthanda izilwanyana. Kuthetha ngoVladimir noAnatoly Durov. Bafana namakhwenkwe abalekela ekhaya kwaye adala i-clownery yezopolitiko - umkhondo omtsha kwi-slike yobugcisa.

Ekupheleni kwe-19 th-ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20. Kwafika ubuqhopholo bokudala uDurov. Ukufika kukaVladimir no-Anatoly kwisikisi kwanoma yimuphi umzi ngelo xesha waba ngumcimbi wenene kwaye wabangela ukwesaba kubalawuli bezixeko kunye neenkosana zamapolisa. Babesaba ukukhawuleza, ama-sorticism kunye neefowers zabazalwana baseDurov.

UAnatoly Durov - umsunguli wobukhosi

U-Anatoly, umsunguli wobukhosi baseDurov, ngokuqinisekileyo akazange abonise izilwanyana ezingenasidlangalaleni kunye neziqabileyo kwibala lezemidlalo. Kwiprogram yakhe, kwakungekho manani ngokusebenzisa uqeqesho olunzima.

U-Elena Robertsovna, umfazi kaAnatoly, wenza ngeentlobo ezahlukeneyo kwibala lezemidlalo. Wabonisa inani lokukhwela, uqeqesho, i-mnemotechnics. Emva kokufa kukaDurov Anatoly uLeonidovich, waba ngumgcini we-museum yegama lakhe e-Voronezh. UAnatoly Leonidovich akazange afune ukuba abantwana balandele ezinyathelweni zakhe, kuba wayezibonela kwimeko yakhe indlela ukuhlazisa ngayo umsebenzi weeskriphu zabaculi. Nangona kunjalo, u-Anatoly, unyana wakhe, waqalisa ukusebenza kwibala lokulwa nentando kayise. Igama lakhe laqhubeka lendlu kaDurov.

Anatoly Anatolyevich

Ukuqala komsebenzi wakhe kukubonakaliswa kwenani elincinci. Umculi wayenezinja ezi-4-5 kuphela. UAnatoly Anatolyevich Durov wathatha inkohliso ethi "Tolya - unyana wodumo," apho ngo-1914, wabonakala kuqala kwiiskrini zabazalwana bakaNikitin, ngelixa besetyelele eRyazan. Ngenxa yokuhlaselwa kwesigxina esijoliswe kumgaqo-mkhosi welizwe, ngomnyaka ofanayo waxotshwa kwiphondo laseViatka, kwisixeko saseKotelnich.

A. A. Durov waqalisa ngokukhawuleza uguqulelo olwamkelekileyo. Wayetyelele eCrimea. Amagunya aseWhite Guard awazange amvumele ukuba abuyele kwiRiphabhuliki yaseSoviet. UAnatoly Anatolyevich waya ehambo lwaphesheya kwaye kuphela ngo-1925 weza ezweni lakubo. Nangona kunjalo, ngowe-1926 umculi waphinda watyelela. U-Anatoly washona ngokukhawuleza - wabethwa ngengozi yengozi ekuzingeleni ngaseIzhevsk ngowe-1928.

Umsebenzi weVladimir Anatolyevich

Umzukulu kaVladimir walandela ezinyathelweni zikayise. Iminyaka yobomi bakhe - 1909-1972. Inkosi yaseDurov yamkela kumntu wayo umzukeli omtsha ofanelekayo. Ukukhangwa kweVladimir kwakubangelwa ngumntu onokumangalela, kunye neziganeko ezinobungqina. I-clown ivame ukubonisa isimo sakhe sengqondo kumntu okanye into ethile. UDurov Vladimir Grigorievich ufumene isihloko esihloniphekileyo esithi "Umculi wabantu base-USSR".

Teresa Vasilyevna

Intombi kaMaria Anatolyevna (owayeneminyaka engama-6 kwinqanaba) kunye noMilva Vasily Vasilyevich, umenzi weesksi, uTeresa, naye wagqiba ekubeni alandele iinyawo zikayise. Waqala ukwenza ngo-8 ubudala. Okokuqala, uTeresa wanceda abazalwana bakhe noyise: benza iinombolo ze-acrobatic, bahamba ngehashe. Emva kwexesha wagqiba ekubeni enze kunye neqela lakhe lezilwanyana. UAthasa wabonisa amanani oonwabo. Kwimisebenzi yakhe, ama-chanterelles aqeqeshiwe, iinkukhu, izinja kunye neekati zathatha inxaxheba. Wonke umntu wayekholelwa ukuba uTeresa akayi kwenza nantoni na, ukuba uya kuhlazisa iindwendwe eziphakamileyo. UDurov wayekholelwa ngokunyanisekileyo ukuba uqeqesho luyinto engumntu. U-Theresa wenza ezitekilini kwiimakethe, kwiiklabhu, kwinqanaba, kwiivenkile zokuthengisa. UDurova Teresa Vasilyevna wayehlala ekhokela kwiindawo ezikude. Ukuze bazondle ngokwabo kunye nezilwanyana, kwafuneka asebenze phantse yonke imini nobusuku.

Emva kokuba i-chanter yayilunywa yinja ephosiweyo. Emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa wafa. Abantu abaninzi bafika kwiloli. Bathi i-fox yabulawa yi-rabies, yaza yathwala zonke ezinye izilwanyana uTeresa engena emotweni kwaye ithathwa. Ngoko intombazana yasala ingasebenzi. Iindaba zeengxaki zakhe zajikeleza zonke ii-circuses. Ukuthunyelwa kwemali kwithunyelwa kubalingane abavela kwilizwe lonke.

Ukususela ngoko, uTeresa, eza esixekweni, okokuqala wayenomdla ukuba ngaba kukhona abahlala phantsi kunye nabangasebenzi kwiisksi. Wayehlawula iibhili zezibhedlele kwenye, kwaye enye incede ukufaka iiglasi. "U-Soyuzgotsirk" ekugqibeleni waqala ukunceda encinane uTeresa. Baqala ukufumana into: inkawu, idiza, ikamela. Nangona kunjalo, izilwanyana zithatha ngokungakhethiyo. Kwakhona kwakukho indalo: i-monkey yayilula uTeresa, kwaye idibe yaphula izimbambo ze-tamer. Kwakungekho lula ngezilwanyana ezifuywayo iTeresa. Nangona kunjalo, wabaphatha ngendlela eyiyo-caress.

U-Durova wakwazi ukunqoba indlovu, owabulala abaqeqeshi bezilwanyana ezi-5. Wayemfundisa ukuba enze ubuqhetseba obuthatywayo. Ubunzima begumbi apho indlovu ewela khona ngomqeqeshi kukuba ngokuqhelekileyo ezi zilwanyana zibeka umqobo kumendo wazo okanye zigqithise. Ngenxa yokunyuka okungahambiyo, ukufa kuvela ngokukhawuleza. Emva kokuba umdlali we-actrice ubonise le nombolo okokuqala, wahlwaywa. Ukulawulwa kweeskithi kuvinjelwe le nto yingozi. Nangona kunjalo, nguye uTeresa Vasilyevna oye wanikwa isihloko soMculi ohloniphekileyo we-RSFSR. Ehlabathini lonke, akukho mntu ngaphandle kwakhe owenza le nombolo. I-Durov Dynasty iqhayiya ngummeli wayo odumile. Wabonisa ukuba abafazi banokuqeqesha izilwanyana kungekho ngaphezu kwamadoda.

Teresa Gannibalovna

Intombi kaTheresa Durova uTeresa Gurnibalovna Durova wazalelwa ngo-Oktobha 3, 1953. Wasebenzela iminyaka engama-13 kunye nonina, waza wabuyela kwi-clownery theater. Ngo-2003, uTeresa Gannibalovna wathola isihloko soMculi wabantu baseRussia. Lo ngowomnye umfazi, ogama lakhe laziwa ngokuba ngukumkani waseDurov.

UVladimir Leonidovich - umsunguli wobukhosi

UVladimir Leonidovich Durov (iminyaka yobomi - 1863-1934) - umsunguli wesinye isizukulwana. Wayefuna ukubeka kwisayensi kwisayensi yokugqoka. Ngokubanzi ububanzi beliluhlu lokudala lomculi. Wenza amakamelo ahlekisayo kubantwana, kwaye wayenguprofesa oye wafunda i-psyche yezilwanyana. UVladimir Leonidovich emva kokufa komntakwabo, okwenzeka ngo-1916, wenqaba ukutyelela. Nangona kunjalo, i-Durovs yintsapho yeesksi, abaninzi abameli babo abahlala bebuyela kwintsapho. Kwaye uVladimir Leonidovich wayengenalo. Wahlala kunye nezilwanyana eMoscow. Kwi-Old Bozhedomka, uVladimir wavula isikhungo esonwabileyo semfundo esibizwa ngokuba yi "VL Durov's Corner". Apha, waqhuba uchungechunge lwezilingo kunye nezilwanyana, wafuna ukungena ngaphakathi kwintsimi yesayensi malunga neengcamango.

UDurov, ebuyela kwinqanaba leeksiksi, wayefuna ukuzibona engasayi kuba ngumdlali ongenamdla, kodwa unjengomfundisi we-clown, ososayensi, u-propagandist. Wayekholelwa ukuba ukusazisa ulwazi kubaluleke kakhulu kuye. Ngoku uhlawule ngakumbi ukuqeqeshwa kwezilwanyana kunye nokubonakaliswa kwezilingo zebhoratri. Nangona kunjalo, imisebenzi yakhe yabonisa nezithethe zikaDurov. Oku kubonakala ekubunjweni kwe-motley yezilwanyana, kunye nendlela ekhethekileyo yokuqeqesha, apho ababukeli bafumana ingqalelo ukuba izenzo kunye nezenzo zezilwanyana ziyinto eyaziwayo yenkqubo yemimiselo eyenzeka ekuphenduleni unyango lomqeqeshi.

Ukubhiyozela iminyaka engamashumi ama-50 yomsebenzi wobugcisa obunokubhiyozelwa ngowe-1927. Kwakhona wafumana isihloko somculi ohloniphekileyo we- RSFSR. UVladimir Leonidovich de kube ngumhla wokugqibela usebenzo oludibeneyo kwiisksi kunye nemisebenzi kwiConer. VL Durova.

Anna Vladimirovna

I-Durovs yintsapho yeesksi, ininzi yabameli bayo yaziwa kwaye yafumana izihloko ezihloniphekileyo. U-Anna Vladimirovna ungomnye wabameli bentsapho. Ekuqaleni wasebenza noyise. UAna Vladimirovna wayengumlindi weengonyama zolwandle, kwaye emva kokufa kukayise, waya kwiConer of Beasts, waba ngumlawuli wakhe wobugcisa. U-Anna Vladimirovna ngumbhali nomvelisi wemisebenzi eminingi - uTerem-Teremok, Bear kunye nomqeqeshi, njl. Wanikezelwa ngesihloko soMculi ohloniphekileyo we-RSFSR ngo-1965.

Natalia Vladimirovna

U-Natalia Vladimirovna, enye intombi kaVladimir Durov, wayesebenza kwinqanaba nakwi-theatre, kwaye wenza ngefilimu. Nangona kunjalo, omncinci uyaziwa malunga nomsebenzi wakhe namhlanje. Wafa ngowe-1918, eselula.

Yuri Vladimirovich

Unyana kaNatalia Vladimirovna Yuri Vladimirovich (iminyaka yobomi - 1909-1971) waqala umsebenzi wakhe wokudala ekukhangekwenini wakhe-uVladimir Leonidovich. Wamncedisa ekufundiseni ekulungiseleleni izilwanyana, kwaye wakhonza njengomncedisi ngexesha leentetho. U-Yuri Vladimirovich ubonise inja-mathematics, wathatha inxaxheba kumanani athile. Ngelo xesha, wasebenza kwi-studio yecaterari, eyalelwe nguYa A. Zavadsky. Emva koko, u-Yuri wayengumncedisi ekwenzeni uVladimir Grigorievich, umzala wakhe. Ngowe-1935, waqala ukulungiselela ukukhanga kwakhe. Inombolo enkulu yaqala ukudala kwizinga likaRhulumente. Kwakukholwa ngumqeqeshi wezilwanyana uL. Ivanov, owafa. U-Yuri uhlala ehlangene namaqhinga kunye nezimpendulo kwizihloko ezibalulekileyo zolu suku, ezizaliswe ziziganeko ezihlekisayo zokuhlekisa kunye ne-satire. U-Yuri wasebenzisa ixesha elide ukuqeqesha izindlovu, iingonyama zolwandle . Ukutsala kwakhe kwakusoloko kugcwaliswa ngezilwanyana ezintsha: iimbombo, i-mongoose, iimbumba, iiproti, iinkunzi. U-Yuri Vladimirovich wanikezelwa ngesihloko somculi wabantu base-USSR ngo-1971. Wafa ngaloo nyaka. Umtsalane wathathwa nguYuri Yurievich, unyana wakhe.

Durova Natalya Yurevna

Kwintando yaseDurov ngo-1963, umqeqeshi omtsha wabonakala. Baba nguDurova Natalia Yurievna (owazalwa ngowe-1934). Waphumelela kwi-Literary Institute, wakwazi ukubhala iincwadi ezininzi, kodwa ke wagqiba ekubeni aye kwisekisi. U-Natalia Yurievna wenza ngeqela leebhondi, iingonyama zolwandle kunye neenkwenkwezi. Iimbono zelizwi zihambisane nomboniso wezilwanyana. U-Natalia Yurievna ngenxa yomsebenzi wakhe ongenamsebenzi wanikezelwa ngesihloko somculi wabantu base-USSR ngo-1989. Uye waba ngumqondisi wobugcisa weConer ukususela ngo-1978. Ngowe-1982, iConer yaqanjwa kwakhona kwaye yaba yiNkundla yezilwanyana. VL Durova. Abanye abanye abameli bomninimzi owaziwa kuwo namhlanje.