Iphathwa njani inyumoniya kubantu abadala

Inyumoniya, okanye ukudumba emiphungeni - sisifo eqhelekileyo kakhulu. Nakuba kunjalo, ngokungafaniyo ingqele eqhelekileyo, esi sifo uye manani ezingcolileyo - nyaka ngamnye kuwo-6 ekhulwini abantu ejongene sifo. Kulo kulandela ukuba kwemiphunga ukudumba unyango kufuneka balumke, ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kuchaphazela umgangatho wobomi babantu kwixesha esi sifo, kuba umsebenzi kunye isingqisho kuya kufuneka ukubuyisela sikhumbuzo lonyango esibhedlele.

Ngenxa yoko, izigulane rhoqo kuphakamisa umbuzo: indlela inyumoniya kakhulu ngayo? Kwaye ke impendulo ayikwazi kuba engagungqiyo, ngenxa yokuba ixesha sifo kuxhomekeke kubudala loo mntu, impilo jikelele kunye nobungozi besi sifo.

Pneumonia - ntoni na?

Inyumoniya - isifo esibonakala ukudumba ijwabu semiphunga. Iarhente causative wesifo yintsholongwane ukuba ungena imiphunga kunye uba ngumnxibelelanisi inkqubo yokukrala kwi kwithishyu.

Xa uqala kuqala, ukwahlula inyumoniya abanomkhuhlane kunzima, yiyo ke le nto kubalulekile ukuba ixesha ukubona ugqirha ngocoselelo ukuphumeza zonke izindululo. Kulo mzekelo, umbuzo yindlela inyumoniya iphathwa, akunakwenzeka ukuba ufanelekile, kuba isifo luya kuqhubeka ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kunokwenzeka ngaphandle iingxaki.

Pneumonia unesifo yi ezi mpawu zilandelayo:

• ukuphelelwa umoya;
• ukukhohlela;
• umkhuhlane;
• intlungu kwentamo.

Iimpawu ezichazwe zidweliswe ukuze lilonke bobukho. Ukuphelelwa umoya kunye ukhohlokhohlo kunye isikhohlela iqatshelwe zonke izigulane, ubushushu - asisininzi, kunye neentlungu kwentamo lingaphantsi eqhelekileyo.

Inyumoniya Abantwana

Ngokutsho umyalezo yesi sifo, inyumoniya yeyona ixhaphake kakhulu ebantwaneni, ubukhulu becala abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama esixhenxe. Oku kungenxa iseli igazi nokwakheka. Xa abadala leukocyte yabantu zenyathi inani Balanced ukuze kukhuselwe umzimba kwizifo, ukuphendula umthondo yayo, ukuze abatshabalalise ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Abantwana WBC yobudala zabasakhasayo yatshintsha ngenxa ngakumbi ubukho bezinto lymphocyte, ukwenza amajoni omzimba buthathaka.

Ngoko ke impendulo yalo mbuzo, wobeka phi ngayo inyumoniya ebantwaneni, ucacile: sifo kwenzeka ixesha elide, ukuya kwiiveki eziliqela, yaye umkhondo esi sifo kakhulu ngakumbi, nomfanekiso lingaze libizwe.

Inyumoniya kubantu abadala

Akukho yingozi ngaphantsi kubantwana abaselula, inyumoniya ukuba izigulana ezindala ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-65. Kule minyaka, amajoni omzimba buthathaka zizifo ezingapheliyo, ngoko, ekuphenduleni lo mbuzo, "kangakanani ithathwa inyumoniya kubantu abadala emva kokuba umbundu kukwaluphala", unako ukuphendula zilandelayo: malunga inani elifanayo leentsuku njengoko kubantwana, nto leyo ngaphezu isigulana ngaphezu abaselula eliqina, ceteris paribus.

Izigulane kolu didi ziyakhuthazwa ngamandla ukuba ukufumana unyango esibhedlele. iliso okoko, ukukwazi yokuzisa amachiza ngokusebenzisa iinaliti kunye iidropha, alale kunye ukutya okhethekileyo ndiya kukukhawulezisa ukuchacha kuncede siphephe iingxaki. Elide njengoko pneumonia abadala iphathwa ne pneumonia esibhedlele, i-avareji leentsuku 10-14, emva koko kuqhubeka ukuphathwa ekhaya OPD.

unyango izigulane

Kuxhomekeka nobungozi besi sifo kunye nempilo yesigulane, kunye nenyumoniya sinokunyangwa esibhedlele nasekhaya. Kodwa kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba unyango ekhaya kufuneka uthathe indawo ngokuthobela ebhedini kuhle. Wrap inyumoniya "ezinyaweni zakho" kuyingozi kakhulu.

Zinokunyangwa ekhaya malunga 70 ekhulwini zonke izigulane. Abantu abadala ngokuqhelekileyo bajongene uhlobo yinyumoniya ziibhakteriya, oko kukuthi, i-provocateur arhente esi sifo sibangelwa ziibhaktheriya (streptococci, staphylococci, Haemophilus influenzae influenzae), apho ungena umzimba kwaye kange yatshatyalaliswa amajoni omzimba phambi kuphuhliso umfanekiso nomqondiso.

ithathwa inyumoniya kubantu abadala qho kwezigulane, ngokuthobela imiyalelo ugqirha kunye ukhetho oluchanekileyo lwe unyango elingakanani. Xa iimeko zivuma yophuculo yempilo kwezendalo emva kweentsuku 4-5, kodwa ubuthathaka zinokuzingisa elide. recovery epheleleyo yenzeka kwiintsuku 15-20.

Treatment esibhedlela

Phambi kokuba ukufumanisa inyumoniya ngayo indlela abadala esibhedlele, kubalulekile ukucacisa ukuba bahlale esibhedlele kufuneka kuphela kwiimeko ezithile.

Okokuqala yahlola nondiliseko sifo kunye nengozi yokuba iingxaki. Ngoko ke, esibhedlele kuyacetyiswa ukuba isigulana kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala, ukuba imeko yalo imibuzo (isiphithiphithi, ifiva, izinga intliziyo ukwanda, iingxaki), okanye xa isigulane kunzima ukuthatha unonophelo bona ngokwabo.

Ngamanye amaxesha ugqirha isindululo imo ambulatory, kodwa emva kokuphumelela uhlalutyo ekufumanekeni, umz, inqanaba eliphezulu urea egazini, ukuze sidlulisele isigulane esibhedlele.

Ekubeni izigulane esibhedlele abe kwimeko kakhulu, umbuzo ngulo, zingaphi iintsuku ithathwa inyumoniya kubantu abadala, asinto ibe impendulo eyahlukileyo kwimeko lokuqaphela kwesibhedlele.

Xa isifo kakhulu ixesha lokukhubazeka yomguli ibe ukuya kwiinyanga enye enesiqingatha. Noko ke, emva kokuba ixesha elibekiweyo ngezenzeko intsalela inokubonakalisa emva sifo.

izilonda yezifo

Xa kufikwa ubungqongqo sifo, kuyimfuneko ukuba acacise ukuba akukho inani abstract. Kukho iindidi 4 lung esiqwini nangokurhala, ngokusekelwe kummandla ochaphazelekayo:

• zineengxaki;
• segmental;
• ubulungisa;
• croupy.

Ukuze uqonde umgaqo yokuhlelwa, kubalulekile ukuba ukumela owakhiwe kwemiphunga. ijwabu isabelo States of the ezininzi alveoli - lung ingxenye. ziqwempu Zininzi ezidityanisiweyo ingqikelelo nomhlehlo miphungeni. Amalaphu zizidibanise zombini emiphungeni cereals ingqiqo.

Kucacile ukuba ezinkulu ubungakanani esikule yathotyelwa komtshiso oko, le mhlophe iimpawu ixesha elide kufuneka balinde recovery. Ngoko ke, uthelekiso njani iphathwa inyumoniya segmental abadala kunye nokudumba focal, kuya kuba luncedo kwabo yokuqala ngenani leentsuku eyayiza kufuneka ukuze kuqhutywa ikhefu lokugula.

okukwazi yomguli

Ubude wezifo kuxhomekeke isigulane ngomlinganiselo ofanayo njengoko nobungozi besi sifo. Okokuqala konke oko kuyimfuneko ukuze bayithathele ingqalelo izinto ezifana nobudala yomguli kunye nempilo yakhe. izifo ezingapheliyo kunaba ixesha yinyumoniya, enze umfanekiso kwangumqondiso ngaba lubeka ngenxa ekwehleni nezifo.

Ukuncitshiswa kumsebenzi we amajoni omzimba kungenzeka xa izifo ezithile, ezifana ne-HIV okanye immunodeficiencies zaseprayimari. Luyakuthi cytostatics sifo kunye corticosteroids, ezisetyenziselwa ukunyanga izifo samathambo, ukuze zokuyifihla omzimba.

Imigaqo ebomini yomguli

Udidi lwesibini yeemeko ezichaphazela inyumoniya kangakanani ngayo, engena ukuziphatha yomguli kunye neemeko zobomi bakhe. ukutya okungenazakha-mzimba, ezingcolileyo, iingxaki zemali musa ukuvumela ukuba bathenge imithi kuyimfuneko, okanye ukuthingaza nomonde ukuba zilandele ngqo ulawulo kuchaphazela kakubi inkqubo impiliso.

Ngamanye amaxesha unobangela komtshiso elide yemiphunga ekukhetheni okubi ngayo amayeza, kaninzi - antibiotics.