Ukophuka: unyango. Ukuhlelwa kwamathambo imihlathi. ukwa Indlela yingozi abangenayo

Ukophuka kwemihlathi e yezonyango, khona eziqhelekileyo. Oogqirha qaphela ukuba umonakalo lomhlathi up-anesixhenxe inani elipheleleyo waphuka.

Ukuze sibone ingxaki uthabathe amanyathelo ayimfuneko, kufuneka aqonde iindidi ezikhoyo zokonzakala iimpawu zazo.

Yintoni na umhlathi eziintsalu

Kwamathambo imihlathi komonakalo lomhlathi naphi ekhatshwa kukophula ingqibelelo emzimbeni ezingqongileyo. Oku kunokuba izihlunu abachaphazelekayo, imizwa yobuso, imithambo yegazi.

Izinto ezibangela le hlobo nenxeba ezahlukeneyo, kodwa amaxesha amaninzi ukuba zibangelwa inyathelo ngomatshini: ngesibetho, bawe, ingozi. Ngaphezu koko, ukwa lwezidumbu kwakhona kwenzeka, oko kwenzeka ngenxa yempembelelo lwangaphandle kwi lomhlathi phambi izifo ezingapheliyo ezifana negcushuwa ithambo, osteomyelitis, ithumba. Ngoko ke, ukuba ithambo osteomyelitis kakhulu ziyafa iindawo, nto leyo ekhokelela zaphuka yayo kulogo.

Indlela ukuqaphela emhlathini eyaphukileyo

Kukho izizathu ezininzi apho sithi ubukho ukwaphuka emhlathini;

1. Xa konzakale umntu lusiva intlungu.
2. Xa uzama ukuvula okanye ukuvala intlungu emlonyeni nangakumbi, nga va cofa.
3. Le nomhlathi enokusetyenziswa itshintshelwe ecaleni.
4. Xa Ukophuka vula waphawula umsantsa izihlunu zobuso phezu umhlathi.
5. Xa abachaphazelekayo luvo, waziva ezinye antsi ngexesha uchukumisa ubuso.
6. Intloko ebuhlungu, isiyezi.

Iimpawu zisenokwahluka, konke oko kuxhomekeke koko yinxalenye ithambo yonakele.

Ukumisela uhlobo yomhlathi ukwenzakala kufuneka ubone kwangoko nogqirha kwaye ziqhube uphando lokujongisisa diagnostic. Oku kuquka ukuhlolwa yangaphandle, zoviwo X-ray.

emhlathini Broken kudla kunye umonakalo ubuchopho okanye umqolo wesibeleko. Ukuze ukuphelisa iingxaki ezinjalo, azihlole olongezelelweyo.

Types of Ukophuka kwemihlathi

Ukophuka kwemihlathi babe Ukuhlelwa ebanzi ngeendlela ezininzi:

1. Ukwahlulwa imiba etiological okanye imbangela:

• imbonakalo bemihlathi ukwa ngenxa trauma;
• umhlathi eziintsalu ngenxa izicwili zophendlo lwezifo kunye namathambo.

2. Ngokuxhomekeke kumgca zaphuka le:

• longitudinal;
• ngqo;
• elibhalwe ngokumileyo;
• nale;
• oskolchatye;
• ukuwela.

3. Ngokutsho inani amaqhekeza:

• ezininzi;
• eyodwa;
• neyokuhomba;
• ezintathu.

4. Kuxhomekeka indawo ezinjengokwaphuka:

• ukwaphuka umhlathi asezantsi;
• ukwaphuka kwemihlathi yangasentla.

5. degree of ukuphazamiseka bone kwemihlathi:

• ugcwalise;
• ezingaphelelanga (sibange, uzaphule).

6. Kuxhomekeka iqondo kwizihlunu ezithambileyo echaphazela:

• Ukophuka closed - kwizihlunu ezithambileyo ayiphazamiseki;
• evulekileyo - ukonakalisa ukuthembeka inyama ithambile.

Ukongeza, Ukophuka kwemihlathi zezi:

• azinaziphene, kwaye ukhululekile kulimala;
• zidityanisiwe.

unyango zaphuka mandibular

Iimpawu eziphambili kwizaphuko mandibular zezi:

• buhlungu;
• ukungakwazi ukuhlafuna ukutya ngenxa yobuhlungu;
• isilevu kunokwenzeka imilenze, iindevu;
• malocclusion;
• isicaphucaphu;
• nesiyezi.

Kule nkqubo zokufumanis ugqirha, kuqala kwiinto zonke, ukuba umisela imeko ngokubanzi yesigulana. Ukuze wenze oku, linganisa uxinzelelo ukubetha. Emva koko, ukuze uphephe ukwenzakala ebuchotsheni esibuhlungu, umfanekiso olwenziweyo.

Ngethuba loviwo lwangaphandle wazimisela buhlungu ngongoma iziphene hematoma. Uvavanyo lwenziwa, apho indawo kuqikelelwa bekubona zaphuka. Emva koko ke uviwo X-ray wenziwe.

Xa iimbombo emhlathini ephantsi eye isakhiwo entle kakhulu, kwaye nkqu wothukile kancinci okanye enye umonakalo ukuba ezinjengokwaphuka lateral.

Kudla kukho kwizaphuko kabini, kathathu kunye ezininzi kwemihlathi asezantsi. Unyango yokwenzakala kunzima kwaye kuthatha ixesha elide yabo yesiqhelo.

therapy

Xa kukho ukwaphuka emhlathini lentendelezo ephantsi, unyango kufuneka alandele ngoko nangoko - oku kuya ukuphepha iingxaki ezininzi.

Ngaphambi kokuba umntu ukuya kwindawo yonyango kufuneka banikwe uncedo isigulane kuqala. Kuyimfuneko ukulungisa emhlathini esezantsi ukwimeko obekwe lokunxibela okanye iqhiya.

Iziza ezininzi rhoqo ukwaphuka emhlathini asezantsi zezi:

• imbobo kwelivi engqondweni;
• phakathi kwemihlathi;
• inkqubo articular;
• eliyi emhlathini.

Ijwabu nokudumba soloko ilandelwa lutshintsho lwemithetho ukwaphuka emhlathini asezantsi. Unyango kulo mzekelo, qala isicelo i ebandayo. Emva koko, phantsi zomzimba wengingqi, ugqirha uphumeza inkqubo noxolelwaniso amaqhekeza aseleyo bone, uze ubhala emhlathini ukuze ixesha lonke unyango.

Bone mandible ahlube usebenzisa umqhubi hexanoic okanye ucingo. Ngokuhambelana, unyango anti-ukudumba, wonyulwa ukuthathwa iivithamini kuthetha ukomeleza amajoni omzimba.

Ukwaphuka kwemihlathi yangasentla

Kwemihlathi yangasentla - lithambo umphunga, ukuba ibekwe esizikithini ubuso kwaye inxaxheba lokusekwa neziseko kwisisu, umlomo, amehlo ngeempumlo. Ukwaphuka kwemihlathi yangasentla kuyingozi kakhulu. Okokuqala, oko iphathwayo yi, yaba lukakayi. Okwesibini, kukho ingozi yokulimala okanye uphuhliso kwezifo ezifana meningitis.

Ukongeza iimpawu umgangatho Ukophuka kwemihlathi yangasentla nga ikhatshwe nokopha, amaYiputa abephathe iingono ngeenxa amehlo, ukungaboni, ukuphulukana lokuqonda. umsebenzi bokuphefumla nzima ihlafuna. Ukuba umntu akanako ukuphefumla, kuyimfuneko ukukhulula iphecana bokuphefumla kwisisu ngomlomo ngokuthintela namaqumrhu angaphandle.

Nenkxwaleko loo ukuvula ukopha. Ukuyeka oko, kufuneka isicelo umhlabelo, xi okanye tampon.

ukwa enzima kwemihlathi

Iingxaki ingqalelo imihlathi eyaphukileyo lisisiqalo kwi apho ukuphazamiseka welungiselelo eliqhelekileyo ngamaqhekeza ithambo. Kunokuba ngokupheleleyo kwaye zingagqibeki.

Zalisa ukwa - unxibelelwano phakathi amacandelo ithambo ochaphazelekayo.

Part-time - uxhulumaniso phakathi amacandelo ithambo uqhawulwe okanye uphazamiseke kancinane.

ukwa mandibular offset ekuqaleni ifuna ulungelelwaniso amaqhekeza aseleyo ithambo, ukususwa nokudumba, apho nitrogen ziqinile iyafuneka.

Kwimeko apho ukwaphuka kwemihlathi yangasentla kudla kuyimfuneko kulwandiso yayo. Ukuze wenze oku, sebenzisa i orthosis okhethekileyo, ngokuthe ngcembe ubuyisela ithambo eyonakeleyo kwindawo echanekileyo.

Olu hlobo ukwenzakala luyingozi kakhulu kuba kungabangela zizalwa ukuba, uncedo ngesiquphe kunokukhokelela ekufeni. Ukuze ukunqada ukutsarhwa, kufuneka zihlanjwe emlonyeni lwamaqumrhu angaphandle, igazi, waza wabeka umntu okwisikhundla tyaba, ejonge phantsi, Mfuleni phantsi esifubeni Eyisongile ngengubo okanye iimpahla.

Splinting a ukwaphuka emhlathini

Indlela olusisiseko unyango lwe Ukophuka le imihlathi yi splinting - i nitrogen amaqhekeza bone kunye nokwakhiwa ekhethekileyo ucingo okanye iplastiki.

Splinting lo ndidi zilandelayo:

1. Unilateral - kusetyenziswa ithuba elinye yayisisiqingatha umhlathi. wire elisetyenzisiwe, encamathele endaweni elimele.
2. Engayi - kusetyenziswa ucingo esinzima, iseti ngakumbi amagwegwe eentsika namakhonkco.
3. Uzipho - kusetyenziswa ekujikeni nemihlathi ephezulu nesezantsi offset. Ukusetyenziswa ucingo lobhedu, encamathele amazinyo, amakhonco irabha ithumba zombini imihlathi.

Ivili kunye nomhlathi eyaphukileyo naye abe zeplastiki. Lisetyenziswa phantsi kwesilevu, uhamba nxamnye izidlele zayo kwaye fixed ngokubopha ijikeleza entloko. Kodwa le ndlela idla abhenele ukuba kuyimfuneko splinting olungxamisekileyo (umz; xa ezithutha isigulane kwiziko lonyango).

Ukuba umntu uba ukwaphuka enzima kwemihlathi, splinting lwenziwa zilandelayo ngenyameko ulungelelwaniso ngamaqhekeza ithambo. Kusenokwenzeka kwakhona kufuna izixhobo nitrogen lwangaphandle olongezelelweyo.

iingxaki kunokwenzeka

Yi iingxaki Kusenokwenzeka kwamathambo nemihlathi nomphezulu zikhabane:

• sinusitis;
• osteomyelitis;
• fusion ephosakeleyo imvuthuluka;
• joint lobuxoki.

Sinusitis kuvame kwizaphuko kwemihlathi eliphezulu kwaye ibangelwa bubukho sinus maxillary iziqwenga ithambo encinane.

Osteomyelitis - ingxaki nofanayo ukwaphuka emhlathini asezantsi. It imele ukubunjwa ubofu esichapazela ithambo. Ukwenzela ukuthintela ukunwenwa kwesi ngezifo emiselweyo imithi elwa, unyango ngokwasemzimbeni, iivithamini.

Phosakeleyo tho bemihlathi ngokwaphulwa zingenzeka kwezi meko zilandelayo:

• kamva abagulayo eyaguqukayo yaba kwindawo yonyango;
• kuphula irejimeni yonyango;
• xa kukho imihlathi eyaphukileyo, splinting zigcinelwe hayi indlela elungileyo.

Ukulungisa le meko kuba intsumpa (ngokufuthi) okanye ngokusebenzisa inkqubo zeemoto.

joint lobuxoki kungenzeka xa osteomyelitis kukwaphula lomhlathi kunye ukuhamba kwezinye kumacandelo. Unyango operative kuphela.

kwimeko yesiqhelo

Le sokubuyisa ixesha ekuphulukenwe emva ukwaphuka emhlathini yenziwa la manyathelo alandelayo:

1. Nitrogen imvuthuluka ithambo. khathala esebenzayo kunye nomhlathi eyaphukileyo kunye nezinye iintlobo ukulungisa izixhobo.
2. Unyango ngamachiza okwandisa ixesha arhabaxa. Oku kuquka nemithi, amayeza nokubola kunye bracing.
3. nococeko olululo ngomlomo. Oku kubanjwa njengoko ugqirha isigulane yi. Ihlala amazinyo tire zokucoca evela doti ukutya, antimicrobials processing ekhethekileyo ngomlomo. ngamanzi Daily makwenziwe isisombululo soda, yaye emva kokutya ukusebenzisa ebulala.
4. Ukuyifundisa - imithambo ezizodwa ezijoliswe ukubuyisela imisebenzi umhlathi. Uqheliso lomsebenzi kufuneka uqale ukususela kwimini yokuqala yokwenzakala, ukuthintela ukuyilwa namanxeba ukuba siphephe iingxaki ezifana ephosakeleyo accrete ukwaphuka emhlathini.

Ukubuyisela zonke umsebenzi kwemihlathi kufuneka lwenziwe imithambo yonke imihla. Umgaqo layo kukuphuhlisa izihlunu kunye namalungu. Ukuze wenze oku kufuneka uyenze umyalezo, uze ugqithele yokubiza oonobumba, izandi, umlomo evulekileyo. Uyakwazi zilinganisa iintshukumo ihlafuna. Ekuqaleni, oko kuya kubangela intlungu, kodwa ngokuthe ngcembe gqitha iza kudlula.

Ukuba umntwana ubuhlungu ...

Ngokobalo manani olu hlobo umonakalo lubonakala amakhwenkwe aphakathi kweminyaka eyi-6 no-14, okt. E. Kwixesha eyandileyo umsebenzi kweemoto, ngoko inani yeengozi lunciphe. Amantombazana kwakhona kufana ngokuxhomekeke ubudala izehlo ophuka ayifani. Nakowuphi na umzekelo, oku nenxeba zingambi kakhulu, kodwa into embi - kukuba ikakhulu kunye ukwenzakala ebuchotsheni esibuhlungu, waphula ingqibelelo enye amathambo kunye inyama ithambile. Amateur ngokungqongqo akucetyiswa ukuba bazibandakanye. Xa ukusola nakancinane a ngokwaphulwa kufuneka ngoko nangoko afune uncedo abaqeqeshiweyo.

Xa utyelela ugqirha yenza imbali yezonyango. Ngokweliso ukuxilonga nomhlathi eyaphukileyo akusoloko kusenzeka, ngoko oyingcali nakanjani ubeke esifubeni X-ray. Ngokutsho iziphumo zenziwe irejimeni. Inkqubo isimilo kakhulu ezahlukene kuloo ezichazwe ngasentla.

imithetho ukudla

Ngenxa yokuba kule nkqubo yonyango kunye nokuvuselelwa imihlathi bakwimeko ezisisigxina, ukuba inyanzelekile ukuba ukunyenyisa kwizidlo. Ithambo liphola ngaphakathi kwenyanga (ubuncinane), yaye lonke eli xesha kuphela ukutya ulwelo ziphele.

Ukophuka kwemihlathi zibandakanya ukutya ukutya, nto leyo guquki engqindilili cream ezimuncu. menu Uthelekelelo ingaba ziingxaki anazo isuphu kunye nemifuno wonakele, purees iziqhamo, iimveliso zobisi, isuphu, iintlobo cereals. Emva ukususwa isondo ukuqala ukufumana ukutya okuqinileyo kufuneka ngcembe ukuze bandiqumbise neengxaki zesisu.

Breakfast kusenokuquka iglasi kefir, i oatmeal elulwelo, applesauce.

Kuba sasemini uyakwazi ukulungiselela nayiphi wokudla, Chicken kwisuphu okanye umvundla kunye iglasi ze orange juice.

Ngenxa izimuncumuncu, ungasebenzisa iimveliso zobisi. Kuba isidlo kubhaliwe encomekayo anzongonzongo neetapile isuphu, okubizwa iziqhamo.