Isakhiwo yokwakheka entliziyweni yomntu

Inhliziyo - iqumrhu ephambili kwinkqubo kwegazi. I yokwakheka Isakhiwo kwentliziyo yomntu onjalo eziqinisekisa ngokupheleleyo ukuphunyezwa komsebenzi lomzimba engundoqo kwenkqubo kwegazi yonke eziphilayo.

Eli lungu ibekwe em- esifubeni: esifubeni kule mediastinum sobuKristu ngentla uvalo. 70% ibekwe kwi intliziyo kwisisu thoracic angasekhohlo,-30% - ekunene kwentamo. Cinga isakhiwo entliziyweni yomntu, ekubeni kweendonga zayo. udonga wentliziyo na isakhiwo umaleko ezintathu-: .lulwaleko engaphakathi - endocardium zazizaliswe iiseli endothelial; Umyinge - kwemisipha okanye myocardium, ezibandakanya cardiomyocytes; engaphandle - epicardium kunye pericardium ezenziwa inwebu obhityileyo kwithishyu nokuqina, umphezulu engaphakathi apho ligutyungelwe mesothelium. Zonke umzimba uvuleke ngaphakathi endocardium wathumela, oko kwenza kwemithambo intliziyo. Pericardium, maxa wambi ebizwa ngokuba ihempe intliziyo, asisibeke ngaphandle kwaye yenza a ebizwa ngokuba yi-bag intliziyo. Injongo yalo esentloko - ekunciphiseni zochuku kwi umsebenzi intliziyo; ewe kwiimpembelelo yangaphandle. Phakathi amaphepha pericardium na indawo noqhoqhoqho-ezifana ezaliswe imali encinane ulwelo.

Intliziyo wahlulwe yi isahlulelo kubini ezimbini emgongxweni - ekhohlo ne ekunene. isiqingatha nganye iqulathe intendelezo ventricle. Icala lasekunene kusoloko igazi lwemithambo kwi ekhohlo - umfutho. Ubume kwentliziyo yomntu kukuba igazi lwemithambo soze ixutywa umfutho. Chambers ephakathi ivalve ekunene tricuspid, kuloo ndawo yokuphuma ventricle ilungelo imithambo pulmonary - ivalve miphungeni. Icala lasekhohlo intliziyo phakathi intendelezo ventricle na bicuspid okanye mitral wevalufa, kunye nemveliso aortic ukusuka em- le ventricle ekhohlo - amaphetshana tricuspid umphini aortic nge Crescent. Ebubanzini bodonga ventricular ekhohlo inkulu kakhulu ngasekunene. Oku kungenxa yokuba ventricle lasekhohlo usoloko ukusebenza okukhulu, ukhupha igazi kulo aorta, elihamba phambili ngomzimba, kwaye unelungelo - kuphela izitya kwemiphunga kulo.

In intendelezo ngasekunene igazi emithanjeni ezimbini ezinkulu, nibizwayo emgongxweni eliphezulu nengasezantsi. Baya kuqokelela igazi lwemithambo kuwo onke amalungu. Intendelezo ushiye ubengena negazi imithambo ezine pulmonary, leyo, emva xi ioksijini emiphungeni iba umfutho. pulmonary, isiqu yemiphunga ukwabizwa ngokuba, apho igazi lwemithambo iya emiphungeni, nto iphuma ventricle ekunene. Kwemithambo inkulu aorta Ukubonelela igazi esimbaxa ye umzimba uphela, nto iphuma ventricle ekhohlo. Ukusuka kungasentla kunokwenziwa isigqibo sokuba ubume entliziyweni yomntu akukho eyahlukileyo kwezinye iintliziyo mammalian.

kanye Intliziyo ufumana igazi nemithambo ezimbini yenhliziyo. Ekhohlo kwemithambo evela sinus ekhohlo aortic okanye sinus Abaseleyo Valsalva, ibekwe 1 cm ngaphezu kufakelwe la kwezivalo semilunar. Iluthe waya cipande ekhohlo esihla yesebe kunye nemvulophu ukunika igazi inxalenye eludongeni ventricular ngomva anterolateral kwaye ekhohlo, kwakunye njengenxalenye ekudibaneni interventricular, incam intliziyo intendelezo ekhohlo. Ukususela sinus ekunene aortic okanye sinus ilungelo Valsalva uqalisa kwemithambo lasekunene yenhliziyo. Eli inqanawa ihambisa igazi ukuya myocardium ye intendelezo ekunene kwaye ventricle ekunene, inxalenye encinane ekudibaneni interventricular.

Intliziyo yomntu, ubume esifunde ngazo, wenza imisebenzi automatism, Uhanjiso, excitability kunye contractility. Umsebenzi kulo mzimba ekhokelwa amaziko kwentliziyo kwi le Oblongata Medulla kunye kwebhulorho. Bona kuchaphazela izinga intliziyo, atrioventricular Uhanjiso uqina, amandla ka kwamathumbu intliziyo.

I zomzimba entliziyweni yomntu kukuba imisebenzi yayo ebalulekileyo kukuba kuqhutyekwe alternating ucutheko nokuphumla, oko kukuthi, systole kunye diastole, ukuqinisekisa ukuhamba kwegazi, kwaye nalo ukubonelelwa ngokuqhubekayo ioksijini nesondlo kuzo zonke izihlunu zomzimba.