Test Igazi: PDW umbhalo (norm kunye ukutenxa)

Kunzima ukufumana umntu ongazange ebomini bakhe bobungayi ijongene imfuneko banikele ngegazi count iza. Ingcaciso PDW kunokukhokelela lihlazo. Kungenzeka, abaninzi kule nto nokuba Ndikuvile. Zalisa wegazi - ubuncinane olusisiseko naluphi na uhlolo ngethuba leemviwo zothintelo, phambi kokuba naluphi na unyango ukuqinisekisa uxilongo kwaye ukuba babhalisele lokukhulelwa. Olu phando lunika umfanekiso olunzulu nobume bempilo yabantu: iinkqubo ezithintela ukosuleleka kunye ezosulelayo, kunye nezinye. Ngoko ke yintoni Iimpawu kuthetha uhlalutyo bezonyango belo igazi njengokuba eziqhelekileyo ezindlebeni zethu, yaye akunjalo?

Yintoni uvavanyo igazi?

Igazi - yinto ulwelo zebhayoloji ukuba ingene kwi seli nganye emzimbeni womntu. It ithuthela ngayo umzimba wethu, ngoko ke isimo sakhe kunye nezalathisi yemichiza, ungabona indlela kakuhle umzimba wethu. Ngokutsho uhlalutyo ugqirha ayivavanyi indlela yokusebenzisa ezi okanye namanye amalungu kunye neenkqubo. Egazini, kukho iikhemikhali ezithile, umgangatho apho kubonisa ukuba yincutshe. Igazi kuthatyathwa capillary kunye lwemithambo. Ngako oko ke, uzinikele kuye yokuqala umnwe, kwaye eyesibini - ukusuka apho iphuma khona. Iimviwo iqhelekileyo luvavanyo igazi eqhelekileyo. Kukho nezinye izifundo kolwelo eziphilayo, apho ubona i inqanaba eswekile kuyo, inani iihomoni kuyimfuneko, imeko wesibindi kunye nezinye izigqeba ezininzi. Ingakumbi sinikele ingqalelo umlinganiselo iingcali mpilo egazini. Yena kakhulu kubalulekile ukuba umntu, njengoko kwanikwa onke amalungu kunye iiseli ioksijini, ngaphandle apho lonakele basabele ezahlukeneyo kwemichiza kuzo.

Ndimele uwulungele?

Kuba wobunzululwazi uvavanyo kufuneka ilungiswe. iimvavanyo zegazi ngaphezu kokuzila iiyure-8 phambi kokuba kuhlolwe ngaphandle ukusuka ukutya kwamafutha. Ukuze ufumane iziphumo ethembekileyo phambi kovavanyo kuyimfuneko ukuba ayeke ukusela utywala. Kwathi uhlalutyo jikelele igazi uqeqesho olulodwa asifuneki, njengoko ulwazi ngaphandle kwayo. Ezinye iimvavanyo zegazi ifuna unyango olukhethekileyo phambi uhlalutyo.

Ulwazi malunga ngempilo yethu uvavanyo lwegazi

I-ICBC iquka ihemoglobin, iiseli zegazi ezimhlophe kunye neefomula kwiiseli ezibomvu, ukubala zegazi, umyinge erythrocyte neentlenge, ukuba kuyimfuneko - hematocrit, isalathiso umbala, isiqalo nesiphelo coagulation.

Kwiingxowa-iiseli ezibomvu zegazi egazini count kwisiqingatha entle kuluntu phakathi 4.0 - 5.0, abameli wesini eyomeleleyo - 4.5 ukuya 5.5. Ezi zinto zakha igazi kwabantu imbasa biconcave. Uhlala erythrocyte iintsuku 110-120. Inani iiseli ezibomvu gazi eqhelekileyo, phezulu nezisezantsi. Ukwandisa iiseli ezibomvu egazini kuthiwa erythrocytosis. Oku kwenzeka kakhulu xa ukuqina igazi, okanye ukwandisa inani iiseli ezibomvu zegazi. Ukuncipha kwenani iiseli ezibomvu egazini kuthiwa erythropenia. Oko kunokuthi kwenzeke emva ilahleko igazi ebalulekileyo.

Athwala yinxalenye iseli ebomvu yegazi. Kala ngayo ukuze bafunde iqondo Ukwanda ngehemoglobin egazini. , Wawuzalisa ngokulungileyo igazi kunye ioksijini, kwaye kungoko kubalulekile ukuba ukuphefumla. Inqanaba athwala eqhelekileyo amadoda kucingwa sisalathisi grams 120 ukuya 170 ilitha nganye. Kuba namankazana ingqalelo inqanaba haemoglobin okuqhelekileyo grams 110 ukuya 150 ilitha nganye. Ukuba kwalo yesigulane lehla, le meko iphathwa kwegazi, nto leyo ebonisa ukungabi yentsimbi emzimbeni, kunye novithamini 12. haemoglobin Ukwandiswa ayikho nje eqhelekileyo. Oku kunokubangela amahlwili egazi, anda oko iimbaleki erythrocytosis babe ngabantu abahlala kwimimandla weentaba.

Leukocytes - iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi. Ngokwesiqhelo, inani isusela ukususela-4 ukuya 9. umsebenzi wabo eziphambili - ukukhuselwa. Xa yobubi kwiintetho ezikralayo, esosulelayo kunye oncological, eli nani liphuma kuthiwa leukocytosis. Ukuba iiseli ezimhlophe ngaphantsi kunesiqhelo, ngoko eli imeko kuthiwa leukopenia, olwenzeka emva ichemotherapy, kunciphisa umzimba kunye nezinye izinto ezimbi emzimbeni. Ixabiso Kwakhona unalo wbc: neutrophils, leyo ngokwesiqhelo i-45 ukuya kuma-70 ekhulwini leukocytes zizonke, lymphocyte, - ukususela-19 ukuya 37% monocytes, - ukususela-3 ukuya kwi-10 ekhulwini, eosinophils - 1-5 ekhulwini basophils - ukuya kwi-1%.

ESR - erythrocyte neentlenge rate - eqhelekileyo abafazi alinganayo ukususela milimitha-1 ukuya kowe-15 ngeyure, amadoda yena uvela milimitha-1 ukuya kwi-10 ngeyure. Ukwandisa isikakhulu kubonisa ukudumba, esosulelayo kunye oncological Ugxininiso emzimbeni.

Zegazi ababandakanyeka kwinkqubo coagulation igazi, fibrinolysis. Thrombocytosis okanye ukwandisa inani zegazi e ephilayo kusenokuba kubonisa ukopha waphawula emva kususwa udakada, kunye leukemia myeloid. Thrombocytopenia okanye ihliswe zegazi count ibonisa ukungaqheleki iziphene kwaye ezifunyenwe of hematopoiesis.

Yintoni na le PDW kuvavanyo igazi?

Ngoku waziwa beempawu ngaphezu mabini ezinceda ugqirha ukwenza isigqibo noluchanekileyo ngesimo sempilo malunga nesigulane eso. Ezi ziquka index PDW zegazi - uvavanyo lwegazi, ziqonde ". Zegazi distribution ububanzi ngokwendlela yabo" leyo iyalila Yena ephawula ukungafani iiseli ezahlukeneyo, kuquka ukutshintsha ubungakanani zabo. Ngamanye amazwi, iiseli egazini kuye zobungakanani ezahlukeneyo, kwaye inani olukhulu kunye mikrotrombotsitov iyakungqina oku uvavanyo lwegazi. Kuqondwe PDW kunceda ukuchonga iqela ezingaqhelekanga kakhulu emzimbeni.

Iisampulu igazi kufuneka kuthathwe ungatyanga ukusuka ngomnwe. igazi lonke ibekwe kwityhubhu test, apho ifakwa i anticoagulant kwangaphambili. Okwangoku, uphando lwenziwa phezu analyzers, nto leyo ukongeza kwesi salathisi anganika nokuba 24. Kubalulekile ukuba bapase i-ICBC. Ziqonde PDW kuxhomekeke kwiimeko ezininzi, ezifana nokutya, ukucima kombane, ukukhulelwa, usuku sexesheni. Ngoko ke, kufuneka unikele ngegazi ungatyanga, ukuphelisa uxinezeleko, umsebenzi emzimbeni enzima, kungekhona ukwenza uphando esexesheni.

Kwakhona, kukho ikho into isalathisi accounting SD PDW uvavanyo lwegazi. Ezama PDW-SD - index eziphawula ukungafani of zegazi kufutshane isiphumo accuracy efanelekileyo. SD kulo mzekelo - oku kude olusezantsi. athathe ingqalelo xa kubalwa index.

Into ekufuneka uyazi kulo mzobo?

Yinto akukho mfihlakalo ukuba kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ukunyanga uvavanyo lwegazi. Ingcaciso PDW inexabiso sokuxilonga kunye prognostic. Umzekelo, izinga lokukhula kuthathelwa ingqalelo izifo myelodysplastic. ecaleni layo kwisiqhelo ukuvumela umahluko of kwegazi kunye nezinye izifo emzimbeni.

PDW: Yintoni ireyithi abadala?

Xa omdala eqhelekileyo zegazi yabantu athunyelwa umthamo ngo 15-17 ekhulwini. Oku metric ukuvumela lunomahluko minor - omnye amabini ekhulwini, nto leyo zixhomekeke kwiimpawu yento ephilayo ngamnye.

UNorma index abantwana

Xa ekufundeni kuzo zonke izalathi si zokunikwa yegazi lwezonyango sithabathela ingqalelo ubudala yesigulane. Yiloo nto ngaphandle kunye PDW index - uhlalutyo igazi, ukucazulula, umlinganiselo abantwana kuqikelelwa xa kuthelekiswa namanye indicators.

Isalathisi PDW ayikho kodwa wafunda ngokwaneleyo, kodwa idata yayo kuthathelwa ingqalelo isiqinisekiso ezimbi ezininzi, ingakumbi umhlaza igazi-ukwakha amalungu kunye neenkqubo ebantwaneni. Ezomhlaba leyo eqhelekileyo zabantwana ukuya kutsho kwiminyaka eli-18, ukusuka-10 ukuya kwi-15 ekhulwini inani elipheleleyo ziiplatelets.

PDW: Uhlalutyo Blood (kokuhlaziya). kumanqanaba angcono

Ukwenza uphando - oku kuphela isiqingatha edabini: ebalulekileyo ekufundeni elichanekileyo iimvavanyo zegazi. PDW Lilonke kwanda ezimbi ezifana:

• iinkqubo arhabaxa;
• amandla omzimba mkhulu;
• ukuphazamiseka kwesibindi;
• nesifo sentliziyo;
• splenectomy;
• iinkqubo yingozi, ingakumbi Ukudlulela ukuya lomongo wethambo;
• ukulahleka kwegazi;
• Ityhefu yelothe;
• igazi Various;
• unyango kunye corticosteroids;
• isifo i-Alzheimer;
• ixesha postoperative.

Maxa PDW mithetho ilapha ngasentla umntu uya kuba umkhuhlane kunye buthathaka, nesiyezi, unokunciphisa ukukwazi ukusebenza.

PDW: Uhlalutyo Blood (kokuhlaziya). izinga kwanciphisa

Xa ezimbi abaninzi ukuxilongwa echanekileyo unyango eyaneleyo kunceda ukuchaza kuphela ukwandisa kodwa ukunciphisa izinga PDW. .o isalathiso ke:

• wegazi;
• isifo radiation;
• syndrome myelodysplastic;
• DIC;
• izifo egazini;
• nokudumba;
• nokusebenzisa cytostatics;
• igazi megaloblastic;
• kwesibindi, kohlobo.

Ekuhambeni kwexesha lethu ukuba ingcamango jikelele malunga ngezinto ezininzi ezibalulekileyo. Kodwa kubaluleke ngakumbi ukuba lisithathe ulwazi lwabo ngokwaneleyo. Yiba umbono kunye nolwazi olunzulu - hayi into efanayo. Ngoko ke, simele siqonde ukuba PDW - uhlalutyo igazi, ukucazulula, umyinge nexabiso apho aziwa kuphela yincutshe. Naye ngokwakhe akukho ziphumo ziphambili kuphando kunye nokusebenza kwabo kufuneka siyenze, kufuneka uye esibhedlele.