Igazi emzimbeni womntu lenza imisebenzi emininzi, lisikhusela, ludlulisela izondlo kunye ne-oksijini kwiimfucu, kunye necarbon dioxide ihamba nayo. I-Arterial ibizwa ngegazi, equkethe i-oxygen, kwaye ibizwa ngokuba yi-oxygen. Ukongezwa kwale gesi, ngoko kuyimfuneko kumzimba, kubakho kwi-erythrocyte, equlethe i-molecule yamaphrotheni ethile, i-gemma, eneentsimbi. I-Anatomists iye yangqina ukuba igazi elijikelezayo liphuma kwimithambo, kwaye ke, ukunika i-oksijeni, iya kuba yintlaka kwaye idlulele kwiimvini.
Imitha kunye nemisebenzi yazo
Iimitha zeemitha ziyi-vessels apho igazi legazi lihamba khona. Yaye bayithwala kuphela entliziyweni. Inqanawa enkulu kunawo wonke emzimbeni womntu, apho igazi lihamba lizityebi kwi-oksijini, yi-aorta, kumntu omdala onompilo ububanzi bayo buyi-2.5 centimeters. Imithamo emancinci inokufikelela kuphela kwi-0.1 millimeter. Ngokukhawuleza kusondele kwesebe ukusuka entliziyweni, i-aorta isityebi kwi-fibers elastic, iyancwina umtsalane we-pulse eyenziwa yintliziyo, kwaye igazi legazi lihamba ngokulinganayo phezu kweempahla. Ngenxa yoko, i-oksijeni igqithisa ngokukhawuleza ibe ngamathishu. Ukongezelela, iindonga zeempahla ziyancipha kwaye zifumane ubuninzi beentlupheko, ngokubaluleka ngenxa yobunzima bemisipha. Iimitha ze-arteries zixhunyelelwe kwezinye iirriyiti, oku kuthiwa iibhokhwe, ngenxa yabo, xa isitya esinye sinqatshelwe, igazi liyakwazi ukuhamba ngokwahlukileyo. Iqumrhu ngalinye lomzimba womntu lihlala lilinde i-oksijeni, nto leyo imfuneko kakhulu kwiinkqubo zamandla kagesi. Umsebenzi oyintloko weerthariji ukuhambisa igazi kubo ngexesha elifutshane kakhulu. Kwi-erythrocytes, kukho i-oksijeni eninzi, ngoko umbala wegazi elijikelezayo libomvu, kwaye ekunqunqeni kweempahla zibetha umthombo, ngokuyinhloko ngenxa yengcinezelo ephakathi kwazo.
Kuphantse kungabonakali, kodwa kuyimfuneko
Yonke imfihlelo yokutshintsha kwe-oksijeni ibe ngamathambo ayenziwa kwi-capillaries, ezi ziinqwelo ezigqibeleleyo, apho i-oksijeni ishintshaniswa ne-carbon dioxide. Ukuba umzimba ulungile, ama-capillari awakubonakali, kwaye xa kwenzeka ukugula, i-capillary mesh ibonakala. Ubude be-capillary abukho ngaphezu kwe-millimeter, kwaye i-lumen yayo injalo nje ukuba idlulise iseli enye ebomvu nganye. Umzimba unenani elikhulu leenqanawa ezinjalo, zibizwa ngokuba yi-network capillary.
Kwenzeka ntoni kwi-oksijeni kwimizimba?
Emzimbeni, i-oksijeni ithatha inxaxheba ngokubanzi kwiinkqubo ze-oxidation ye-mitochondrial. Ngethuba lo, utshintsho lwezinto eziphilayo luyenzeka, kwaye ngenxa yoko, amandla akhiwa, abizwa nge-ATP (adenosine triphosphate), le nto yinto yonke kunye nomthombo wamandla kuphela. I-Carbon dioxide, ekhoyo kwinkqubo ye-metabolism eyenziwe kwiifom, ukungena egazini, yenza kube nzima. Igazi elinjalo ligeleza emithanjeni, kwaye kungena emiphakeni, i-carbon dioxide ikhutshwe emzimbeni kwindawo.
I-Arterial and venous
Ngokungaqinisekanga, akunakutsholwa ukuba igazi legazi lihamba emithambo, kunye nasezintanjeni - igazi elibi. Enyanisweni, igazi legazi lihamba ngeemithalo ezivela entliziyweni. Kodwa oku kuhambelana nolunye udidi lwegazi lokujikeleza kwegazi, kodwa kwinto encinci yonke into ehlukileyo. Igazi lokujikeleza ligeleza kwiimvumba zepmonta. Kutheni kwiimvini? Kulula kakhulu, kuba iimvini ziinqwelo ezithwala igazi entliziyweni, kodwa imirhobho evela kuyo. Igazi elixhamlayo ligeleza kwimibhobho yesangqa encinane.
Ukwakhiwa kweGesi
Ukuze uqonde ukuba kulula kangakanani imiphunga ukwenza imisebenzi yabo, kwaye ingakanani i-oksijini equlethwe ngegazi elijongene negazi, unqume ukubunjwa kwegesi. Isalathisi se-ase-base-balance balance will provide information that will reveal the secrets of the function of the kidney or presence of the disease in the body. Uhlalutyo lwenqweno yegesi luya kukwenza ngokwaneleyo nangokuchanekileyo ukhethe i-oxygen okanye i-oksijeni yonyango.
Ngaphambi kokuhlalutya
Ngaphambi kokugqiba ukubunjwa kwegazi lomntu, kuyimfuneko ukuqhuba uvavanyo lwe-Allen. Kuya kusivumela ukuba siqonde ukuba yintoni imeko esebenzayo yenkqubo yokujikeleza kweso sikhashana . Isitshixo salo silula kwaye luqulethwe ukuba inqaku kufuneka linyanzele i-arnar okanye i-radial radiation ephakathi kwesikhonkwane. Yenza oku kude kubekho isandla, okanye kunoko isundu, siphume. Oku kulandelayo ukukhulula imithana yegazi, ukujikeleza kwegazi kuya kubuya, kwaye isundu kufuneka sibe yipinki okanye ibomvu ngokungabi ngaphezu kwemizuzwana emihlanu. Emva koko unokumisela ukubunjwa kwegesi, igazi le nto ithathwa kwi-vein. Iqondo lokuzalisa i-hemoglobin ne-oksijini lixhomekeke ekushiseni komzimba, i-acid-base balance, ingcinezelo encinane ye-carbon dioxide. Ukuba uxinzelelo oluthile luwela ngaphantsi kweelimitha ezingama-60 zekholomu ye-mercury, umntu unokugweba ukwehla kwintsholongwane yamanzi obomvu nge-oxygen. Emva koko kuyimfuneko ukumisa ukuphuma kwegazi, ngenxa yale njongo cinezela ngokukhawuleza ikotoni okanye usebenzise ibhanti, esususwe ngaphandle kwimizuzu engama-30-60.