Isifo Potato: kufuneka ibe yintoni ukoyika?

Potato amatswele banokuchaphazeleka zizifo ezahlukahlukeneyo leyo zibangelwa nomngundo, iintsholongwane, iintsholongwane. Izifo yale hlobo ukunciphisa kakhulu ukukhula neetapile, ukunciphisa isiphumo kuchaphazela umgangatho iziqhamo. Ngoko ke izifo amazambane kunye neembono zabo kufuneka ukuba nabani na uceba akhule kuyo kwaye ufumane isivuno esihle.

Izifo amatswele zamazambane, ezibangela inkxalabo kakhulu uthandwa ibangela enzima umonakalo krneplodam - oko imbabala kade, blackleg, kukuvela ring ezibolileyo kunye nosulelo ezahlukeneyo ntsholongwane. Kufuneka ube wena uyazazi ezi ezimbi ngokweenkcukacha ezingakumbi.

Ngoko ke, nangembabala kade (Phytophthora okanye), nto leyo ibangelwa kukudibana ngulo mngundo - sisifo okwenzeka ekupheleni Julayi - Agasti kwaye wabonakaliswa ngohlobo yimbonakalo amabala emdaka kwamagqabi nezikhondo. Xa ukwanda ukufuma umoya okanye amathontsi mbethe, neefeleni amabala Bathiwe wambu ezimhlophe waziva daka. Tuber kwakhiwa kuwuma nombala edandathekileyo akhokelela yokuba amatswele ukubola ngokupheleleyo. Esi sifo sisasazwa ngokusebenzisa amanzi emvula xa ekuqaleni sifo amagqabi, kwaye ke tuber. Iimpawu zokuqala isifo neetapile kubonakala kwangoko, kodwa kwiintsuku nje emva 14-21 emva kokosuleleka.

Ukuba umzimba emsebenzini, phambi kokuba ngokwemba iitapile, kuyimfuneko ukutshiza iincopho sulfate yobhedu (10g neelitha ezi-5 zamanzi). Khumbula ukuba wawaxabela iitapile ayikwazi emva kusetyenziswa iimbewu kunye nomhlaba utyala anokuphinda asetyenziswe kuphela emva kweminyaka embalwa. Isiphelo ngakumbi yeetapile kuxhomekeke zokuzigcina. Ngoko ke, uphuhliso sifo ngexesha yokugcina yeetapile (Phytophthora) kunokwenzeka ukuba lobushushu yokugcina imalunga-19 degrees. Iimeko ezithandwa kakhulu ukulondoloza tuber - lobushushu umkhulu degrees-3, kwaye ukufuma - hayi ngaphezulu 80%.

Okulandelayo izifo ezifanayo - usulelo blackleg oluqhutywa yi amagciwane. Usulelo i tuber oqolileyo kwaye wabonakalaliswa amagqabi yellowing, iingcambu abafileyo namazambane ukukhanya tsala-out. Ukuba sityalo nangoku bosulelwe kusekwangoko nokwanda, asikwazanga amatswele. Ngaphandle lokuqhubeka sifo akuthethi ukuzibonakalisa. Ukususela phakathi rots iitapile, ngoko yome.

Ring ezibolileyo inxulumene sisifo esosulela ngokudluliselwa kwentsholongwane Zasemtata. Uqala ukuvela emva kweentyatyambo, xa kukho ukubuna yamahlamvu esebenzayo. Ke neziqu kubuna. Xa namazambane iqatshelwe somhlathi kwaso imizila liba livithi kumakhonkco iinyanda nemithambo. Usulelo nesi sifo ngokuqhelekileyo kwenzeka ngenxa umonakalo obangelwe ngexesha indibano yesityalo. Kamva, xa amatswele ntsholongwane phantsi lihlala sifo sisasazwa ngenye usempilweni.

Ukuze siphephe izifo ezahlukeneyo phambi kokuba zibekwe kwindawo yokugcina impahla amatswele kufuneka ngocoselelo womile kwaye unciphise.

Enye sifo kakhulu yingozi yeetapile ngumhlaza egcinwe emhlabeni iminyaka ukuya ku amabini emva kokosuleleka. Iarhente causative lwalo ngundo na eyingozi kakhulu kwi sebali. Iimpawu Umhlaza: Amahlathi brown kwi tuber, leyo igqithe ubukhulu iitapile. Ingxaki yeyokuba ukubola tuber, isifo yosulela umhlaba, nokufakwa ezingxobeni ngqo amatswele eseleyo. The main amanyathelo - efumanise nakujoliso olutsha izifo ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kunokwenzeka nokutyalwa neetapile iintlobo ukumelana somhlaza. Ukuba inkcubeko enye eyiyo, esi sifo ayikho nje eqhelekileyo.

Zonke izifo iitapile, embi kunazo zonke ezo zichazwe ngentla isicelo, ukuba iyingozi kakhulu ukuba izityalo kwaye ikhokelele ekufeni amatswele. Umsebenzi we-myezo - ngexesha ubhaqo elinenjongo sifo nokuqhuba amanyathelo othintelo.