Isivumelwano yolawulo intembeko kwepropati. ulawulo lwempahla - it is ...

ulawulo lwempahla - yinto umsebenzi zokulahla asethi. Zinika mali kunye nxaxheba zobungcali emarikeni. Eyona njongo ephambili kule meko lisebenza njengoko nezokukhupha ingeniso ubuninzi esichengeni ethile. Esilandelayo undoqo yolawulo trust.

impahla

Njengoko abayikhethayo inkoliso izinto ezidweliswe kwi-Code Civil. Art. 128 iqulathe uluhlu lwe-asethi ezinjalo. asset izinto zolawulo - kwenziwa ziingxaki zemali kunye nobutyebi. Umtyali inokuba kwakhona ukunika sokubambisa, indawo njalo njalo. Ukuquka izinto njengepropati kuphela kunye nelungelo (imisebenzi yobugcisa kunye noncwadi kwi igama lenkampani njalo njalo.). Kudidi ekuthethwa ayibandakanyi iinzuzo ezingaphathekiyo.

iimpawu ze

ulawulo lwempahla - yinto intengiselwano elibandakanya unikezelo-asethi ngokusemthethweni. Ukuba, njengoko lumile, umzekelo, inkampani, ngoko ugcine njengoko iqumrhu lomthetho eyahlukileyo cishe kungenakwenzeka. Oku kubangelwa yinto yokuba inkampani ulawulo asethi okanye enye intlangano awaziwa yi ngumntu onoxanduva kuxwebhu elahlukileyo. Ngokutsho amaxabiso eziphathekayo ukugcina iingxelo. Ngoko ke lokwenza imisebenzi yokubala i-akhawunti yebhanki eyahlukileyo. Isibonelelo ulawulo lweempahla bepropathi enomgangatho ophezulu wokuqonda, amalungelo awodwa imibutho engajonganga nzuzo kufuneka ahluka nabo transfer isivumelwano umnyinyiva. Kwimeko yokugqibela, intengiselwano senziwe ngenjongo mali self-ingqesho.

izinto bodwa

Lo mthetho, ngaphandle kwakwiimeko ezizodwa, ayinikeli umlomo ngqo ukutshintshwa izinto, ebonakala ngeempawu generic. Ngelo xesha, isakhiwo kwesivumelwano, ingakumbi intsebenziswano izifundo, uluhlu asethi zibonisa ukuba lungamkeleki nga kuzibophelela kuphela ngokuchasene izinto ezithile ngamnye. aseti eziphathekayo iya kuba eyahlukileyo kuyo nayiphi na enye impahla sokubandakanyeka umnini kunye nomphathi. Kulo mba, nkqu izinto ichazwe ngu ngeempawu generic (umz, nelinen kwi yimilinganiso inheritable), iqondo elithile ngokuqiniseka bafumana ngamnye.

amaziko ezemali

Njengomthetho jikelele, iingxowa awavumelekanga. Noko ke, lo mthetho ubonelela ngaphandle. Ngenxa yoko, ngokuvumelana Art. 5 lomThetho Federal "On iibhanki 'isakhiwo ngetyala - iqumrhu elisemthethweni mvume lokuqhuba imisebenzi efanelekileyo, ekhutshwe yi-Central Bank - ukuze aqhube zokuhlala kunye nezinye iintengiselwano, ukungena kwimvumelwano yolawulo trust kwempahla kunye nemali client. Le yokugqibela kulo mzekelo ayanceda umbutho, kunye ngummi. Nezakhiwo ukuba akukho ityala ukuze kubekho ulawulo lwempahla afaneleke. Ukwenza imisebenzi afanelekileyo kufuneka abe nephepha-mvume, okuyinto Ilungiselelwe ngokungqinelana ne Art. 7 lomThetho ka-03/02/1996, i

impahla kamasipala nokazwelonke

Ukutshintshelwa impahla ulawulo enalo Okukodwa yaso, ekufuneka iqwalaselwe xa kusenziwa imicimbi. Ngoko ke, umzekelo, ukwenza imisebenzi ethile-nxaxheba abaziingcali market ukuze kubonelelwa zombini labucala karhulumente okanye impahla kamasipala. Noko ke, izinto eziphathekayo, leyo ngaphambili yi-lweshishini unitary okanye iziko, ndingalahli ubume zabo zomthetho phambi kokuba ziya kugqithiselwa ulawulo trust. Oku kubangelwa yinto yokuba izibonelelo esele zinikwe kumxholo, kwaye esetyenziswa kwindlela elinganiselweyo. Ukubonelela ubutyebi nxaxheba abaziingcali market kuya kwenza kube nzima ukuphumeza ishishini, likamasipala okanye urhulumente arhente ecalanye neentlobo zayo zasemthethweni.

izifundo

Njengoko nxaxheba intengiselwano kungaba:

1. Umsunguli yolawulo trust.
2. Beneficiary.
3. Ukulawula.

Amalungu amabini okuqala ayafana (leyo edla ngokwenzeka practice). enza Ulawulo njengomntu ozimeleyo, yaye aluthathi ungqamane umntana okanye umnyibilikisi, njengoko are ngokupheleleyo engahambelaniyo imisebenzi yabo. Ukuba umsebenzi lwenziwa phezu kwezizathu ezichazwe emthethweni, ukuba babe ngabantu zendalo, ungenzi ushishino okanye non-ngeniso umbutho (ngaphandle amaziko).

bokuqonda

ulawulo lwempahla - yinto intengiselwano ngokuzithandela. Injongo yesifundo onoxanduva nokutshitshiswa kwee-asethi yenziwa kuphela kwemvume yakhe. trust ulawulo isampuli unokuquka reimbursable kunye isiseko ongenayo-free kubudlelwane. Isigqibo lokunika ubutyebi kufuna umnini wabo. Nguye osebenza-mali kunye, ngokufanelekileyo, umseki yolawulo.

capital Ukunikeza

ulawulo efihlakeleyo imali akubandakanyi ulondolozo kuphela, kodwa amanyathelo. Finance ukunikwa ixesha elithile. Kuba transactions in umphathi kwingxowa-mali ngokuqhelekileyo esamkela intlawulo. Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba loo iintengiselwano kuphela owayesisityebi waqukumbela de kutshanje. Namhlanje, kukho imibutho ungenisa kuthenjwa mali $ 1 yezigidi. Okwangoku, Noko ke, kukho ezininzi iinkampani angamisela imali encinci. Ngokusisiseko, isixa-mali osezantsi yi-amawaka-200. Engange. Ukuba ngaba umtyali-mali, umzekelo, 50 amawaka, yena zisenako ukudlulisela ukuba ulawulo. izixa ezincinane ezinjalo angena ngamaqula. Bona ukulawula oqhuba umsebenzi ofanayo bangathathi-mali omnye. Kodwa yokugqibela ithatha ingqalelo iminqweno ngamanye client. Umthetho ikwavumela ulawulo kwizabelo kuthenjwa kwikomkhulu.

ngokoMthetho

Njengomgaqo, isivumelwano ulawulo nikholose unyaka omnye. Ngokutsho kweengcali, utyalo ixesha elifutshane bekungalunganga. Ngelo xesha, iinkampani ziyasebenza namhlanje baye bakwazi asethi iinyanga ezi-6. Isivumelwano yolawulo idla ubonelela zokususwa asethi eziphathekayo phambi kokuphela kwexesha elimisiweyo, kwakunye (ulwandiso) Isivumelwano isongezo oluzenzekelayo.

Ubuhle nobubi

Xa kuthelekiswa idipozithi kwi trust ebhankini ingqalelo inzuzo engaphaya. Noko ke, kusoloko kukho umngcipheko ungafumani kwingeniso. Okanye umphathi yabucala okanye inkampani akuqinisekisi ingeniso esisigxina. Kuqeqesho Kungenzeka ukuba umtyali-mali kuya hayi nje kuphela ukusebenza kodwa silahlekelwe ikomkhulu labo. Noko ke, kuya kufuneka ahlawule intlawulo lokulawula isivumelwano.

Control and mutual imali

ulawulo lwempahla unezinto ezininzi yokwenza mali efanayo. Iingcali sincoma ukuhlola ngakumbi ezi zinto. Kule yaye kwelinye icala, lo msebenzi ulawulo kukugcina nokwandisa imali egcinwe ngumtyalimali,. Nangona kunjalo, iinkampani enkonzweni ummiselo osemthethweni ezahlukeneyo. Kulawulo lweempahla wavumela ukusetyenziswa iinketho, amakamva kunye nezinye ahlobene, imali elinganayo ayifumaneki. Kwimeko ukuwa nxaxheba professional emakethe kuthengisa izixhobo zemali. Kodwa lunqongophele ngezenzo zakhe. Ngokomzekelo, umphathi ukuze adlale yandisa kwimarike, akugqibe "intengiselwano mfutshane". Oku kungenxa yokuba ukuba bavunyelwe ukuba izabelo kunye kwabalelwa. Umthetho ngokubonelela iinkampani kunye trust ipropati ekunene, akhusele abatyali-zimali babucala. Njengenye yeendlela yenza ukwalelwa yokwamkela naziphi na iimali-mboleko.

Ukusebenza kunye nendlela ngabanye

Inzuzo ukuqina zolawulo lwento elahliweyo kungenzeka ukuba watsala imali ngomhla wokufunyanwa iimfuno umthengi lowo. Xa PIFah ukusebenza yenziwa iintsuku ezintathu. Ngelo xesha ngeli thuba iimeko zeemarike zinokutshintsha kakhulu ongancomi kunye ngendlela eyakhayo. Ukuba ulawulo lwempahla nxaxheba zobungcali isebenza ngamnye kunye asethi zemali lesigulane eso. Nokuba ngaba yahlanganisa, bangaphi abatyali-mali kulo ngaphantsi kakhulu kunokuba kwiingxowa efanayo.

ulawulo asset

Oku kuquka ukuqinisekisa imbuyekezo phezulu kutyalo-mali. Ukwenzela ukukhusela ii-asethi umxhasi izenzo broker. Funds mali kuhlaliswa kwindlu ayindawo nezibambiso - in depositary exchange. msebenzi I-broker ithi ekubalele ukuhanjiswa kwemali kunye umxhasi share ukubala kunye khomiwa yerhafu yengeniso. Xa ukhetha inkampani kufuneka ithathele ingqalelo ixesha umsebenzi wayo kwimarike, kwaye isixa kwisiseko sabathengi. Ngako oko, le ezinkulu kwaye elide umthengisi isebenza, kungona inokuthenjwa.

into ebaluleke

Xa indlela yokudluliselwa kweempahla kwi umxhasi umphathiswa ufuna siqinisekiso inzuzo-mali zawo. Noko ke, ngokungqinelana nomthetho federal olawula imali kwizabelo, nxaxheba zobungcali imakethi Akuvunyelwe ukunika olu hlobo siqinisekiso. Kunye nale migangatho kuvumelekile ncwadi umphathiswa isivuno zembali afunyenwe kwi kumaxesha angaphambili kubo.

estate Real njengempahla

Undoqo yolawulo bakholose ngeli tyala kukuqinisekisa ukuba umnini, owathi, umzekelo, ufuna kunikezela phezu ndawo okanye isakhiwo irente, zonke unakekelo lutshintshelwe Realtor. Ekupheleni kwale Arhente yesivumelwano yesiqhelo lisebenza nomlomo. umsebenzi wayo ukukhangela kuphela umqeshi. ulawulo lwempahla lubandakanya ukwandiswa ebalulekileyo imisebenzi Realtor. uluhlu lwabo kuya kuxhomekeka kwiimfuno kunye namathuba yomnini. I-arhente andifuni kuphela umqeshi, kodwa ivelisa ize utyikitya isivumelwano kunye naye, wamkela umrhumo ukusetyenziswa into, ibeke iliso ukufaneleka kokuhlawulwa eyilwayo, ukuphunyezwa kwe izibophelelo zabaqeshi kunye njalo njalo.

isiphelo

ulawulo Trust ngoku yinxalenye Uluhlu lweenkonzo ezinikezelwa inani imibutho zebhanki. Ngokuqhelekileyo, le misebenzi bathathe kwinkampani enkulu yemali. Ngelo xesha, ngokutsho kwezinye iingcali, kungcono ukuba uthembe ulawulo-asethi zabo iibhanki. Oku kungenxa ephantsi, xa kuthelekiswa nokuqhuba ibhizinisi labarhwebi, iindleko zeenkonzo. Isibakala sokuba ubume logcino akukho mfuneko yokuba ukuqesha abasebenzi abongezelelweyo, nto leyo uza kuba trustee. ungadibanisa le misebenzi olawula abasebenzi yokusebenza. Asset Management namhlanje uba ithandwa enkulu. Yindlela isixando nokungenisa imali. Noko ke, oko kufuna ukuba utyalo-mali ezithile. Iinkampani abonelela ngeenkonzo ezifana anikele ezahlukene iinketho ukufakelwa-mali. Akuthandabuzeki ukuba, kuzo zonke intengiselwano kukho ke ingozi, kwaye ingeniso kunokuba kakhulu phezulu. Asset Management - indlela elula ukwandisa imali yakho. Kulo mzekelo, umtyali-mali akuthethi ukuqonda yonke nezo lo msebenzi.