Supreme Court

INkundla Ephakamileyo Russian Federation, ngokutsho siseko ngoku, loo nto ithathwa ukuba iqumrhu ephakamileyo wenkundla.

I-siseko phantse onke amazwe kukho ngesahluko leenkundla, leyo yenye amacandelo karhulumente karhulumente, aye ngqo kwi inkululeko kunye namalungelo abantu.

Phambi ko 1991, inkqubo Russian yenkundla yayiquka kuphela iinkundla wolawulo ngokubanzi. Ezi ubuchule bonke abahlali, kuquka nentsapho, ingqesho, izindlu, njl, kwakunye namatyala olwaphulo-mthetho kunye nezolawulo.

INkundla Ephakamileyo Russian Federation, ngaphambili wabhekisela kwiNkundla Ephakamileyo RSFSR, apho ukususela kumaxesha Soviet, ukususela 1922. It wadalwa ukuze umzimba oya kuluthwala ukulawula neenqanawa zonke ezikhoyo, kokubini ngengqiqo yolawulo yale mbono, kwaye procedural. Kokuqwalasela Ephakamileyo kunye ngokutsha abaziisuphavayiza naziphi iimeko ukuba niyigqibe ziinkundla.

Ukongeza, nayo ibe ulawulo oluzimeleyo ekuqaleni, wanika sachaza ngendlela egwebayo, leyo ziyabophelela kuzo zonke iinkundla ezisezantsi.

Xa isakhiwo ephakamileyo olunikiweyo Ephakamileyo Plenum kunye Elawulayo Board, ezimbini collegium iNkundla, ucinga, ngokulandelelana, amatyala olwaphulo-mthetho okanye yoluntu, kwakunye Military Collegium of abagwebi naye.

umsebenzi wakhe inikeza isixhobo weNkundla ePhakamileyo - Sebe.

NgokoMgaqo-siseko, ulawulo ityala kwaye ucutho kuzo zonke iinkundla zelizwe lethu, kuquka Ephakamileyo, oluqhutywa zikarhulumente - Russian - ulwimi.

Namhlanje iNkundla Ephakamileyo Russian Federation i ngexesha elinye iimpawu ezintathu ezahlukeneyo procedural, iyenza iyavumelana ingcamango yoMgaqo-siseko 'kweliso "ngenkcazelo kolawulo jikelele lweenkundla;

1. Okokuqala, iqwalasela isigqibo njengoko inkundla yesibini - isibheno - ngokumalunga ezo zivakalisi basinika ziinkundla kwinqanaba luluvo, kodwa akukabikho wangena force kunye nesiphumo.

2. I-Inkundla Ephakamileyo Russian Federation lithwale ngaphandle kwiingxoxo zophengululo lobulungisa ngokuphathelele sele ebisebenza isigwebo nayiphi na inkundla federal.

3. Kwiimeko ezithile, oko inokufana inkundla yesigaba sokuqala. Umzekelo, ijaji federal lowo kwityala lolwaphulo-mthetho linelungelo lokucela ukuba ukuphulaphula lwakhe kwiNkundla Ephakamileyo yaseRashiya. Le nkundla ke unelungelo lokuba ukungqinisisa izikhalazo abemi enxulumene lunyhasho abo lwamalungelo zonyulo ngethuba lonyulo umongameli kunye Duma, kwakunye izisombululo, mngeni izenzo ezingezo-olumisiweyo esemthethweni kaMongameli okanye kwiNdibano Federal okanye iibhodi ezichaphazelekayo ngokususwa abagwebi e-ofisini.

Ukumiselwa yeNkundla Ephakamileyo ziya kwenziwa emva kokuqwalasela ngononophelo isinqumo sokwahlulela ngokwesiseko izigqibo avela iimviwo isicelo okanye isikhalazo. Kufuneka kucaciswe iintshukumisa, isigqibo ahambelanayo yenziwa ngubani, kwakunye kubhekiswa kuloo mithetho ukuba sokugweba wawuqondiswa.

Amagunya umzimba ephakamileyo wenkundla kukwaquka nokusonjululwa amatyala wokubanga zidluliselwa ukusuka uMongameli Russia kunye nenkxalabo yabasemagunyeni zoluntu kwilizwe lethu kunye nezifundo zalo.

Ukuba ngaphambili elo tyala zange kuqwalaselwa yiNkundla Ephakamileyo, kuya kwenziwa ligqiza umzimba, yaye ukuba umzekelo wayesele, kuya kufuneka ingeniswe kwintlanganiso Elawulayo, nto leyo inelungelo ukurhoxisa njani isigqibo sayo ngaphambilana, ngokuthumela ngenxa ingqalelo ngakumbi, kwaye ushiye isibheno okugada ngaphandle ukwaneliseka.

inkqubo yenkundla njengoko kwenziwa inkundla umzekelo lokuqala kwityala lembambano okanye zezolawulo ngamnye (ngumgwebi single) kunye ewonke (kwi-mali iijaji ezintathu) okanye ijaji eyodwa ijuri - andiva ityala lolwaphulo-mthetho.