Ithiyori ngemvelaphi kubundlobongela

Enye iingcamango ezingundoqo ngemvelaphi karhulumente - ingcamango lobundlobongela. Kuyinto entsha, njengoko yaphuhliswa kwiinkulungwane 19-20. abameli bawo bakholelwa ukuba umthetho kwaye urhulumente yavela ngenxa lobundlobongela (lwangaphandle okanye lwangaphakathi). Imfazwe phakathi izizwe zamandulo wenza abaphumeleleyo ludidi olawulayo, okwadala karhulumente kwaye wayisebenzisa ukubethelela amandla akhe phezu wayengekayeki.

Ithiyori lobundlobongela (lwasekhaya) siqulunqwe ngezoqoqosho waseJamani sobulumko Evgeniem Dyuringom, ababekholelwa ukuba urhulumente kwasekwa ngenxa yobundlobongela basekhaya ka elinye iqela labantu kunelinye. Ngenxa yoko, kukwenziwa amakhoboka bangenamandla ngamandla kuza ukwahlulwa ngokweendidi, kukho ipropati yabucala kwaye kuvela kurhulumente.

Polish-Austria ngezentlalo L.Gumplovich wayekholelwa ukuba urhulumente kunye nelungelo kwenzekile ngenxa yobundlobongela lwangaphandle ngenxa yokuba kwenzeke ingozi amaqela asekuhlaleni amabini zaseprayimari. Isizwe wamoyisa baba ngamakhoboka, kunye nesizwe abaphumeleleyo - iklasi sigqibo. Ukulawula amakhoboka kukho imfuneko yokuba kutshintshwe indlela yokuphila ubomi yokuhlala. Ngenxa zophuhliso kwezolimo.

Ukudala izixhobo awinileyo ukongamela lombutho kunye ukugcina ucwangco. Ithiyori lobundlobongela (lwangaphandle) lucebisa ukuba ubukhoboka ayikwazi kwenzeka kwisizwe enye, njengoko amalungu kwawo kwiqela efanayo zentlalo, ngako oko kunokwenzeka kuphela nje ngenxa ngasolinye phakathi kwesizwe. Ubukhoboka kubonwa njengento efunekayo ukuyilwa kurhulumente, nto leyo eye yaba negalelo elibonakalayo kuphuhliso lobudlelwane kwezoqoqosho eluntwini. Ilungelo ukudala abaphumeleleyo ukugcina ukungalingani, ngoko L. Gumplowicz isimo esibi kwithiyori "ulawulo lomthetho." Inxaxheba ekudalweni nasekusungulweni sezingqondweni yezizwe iya ku ngamafa. Ukuphuhlisa iziko kwipropati yabucala, kukho ezithile ngokwezinga yoluntu.

Ithiyori ubundlobongela uMbuso imvelaphi kunye nelungelo ukuphuhlisa njengoko Karlom Kautskim, ababekholelwa ukuba umba iphambili lemvelaphi yabo - imfazwe kuphela (ubundlobongela lwangaphandle). Isizwe emagqabini ithatha ilizwe wamoyisa, ezithoba oko kuye yaye kusenza sisebenze, kwaye kananjalo ukuba ahlawule irhafu.

nabalimi boyiswa ngokuqhelekileyo izinziswe kwakunye abaphumeleleyo abo ranchers amadlelo. Emva koko, kukho ukwahlulwa ngokweendidi, idala isixhobo zonyanzelo, jikisa kurhulumente. Kautsky uphika ithuba zeLizwe ngenxa yokuba sesichengeni lwangaphakathi, ekholelwa ukuba wadala abasuka kwiindawo eziliqela, enye yazo na udidi abalawulayo nabaxhaphazi, kwaye abanye - kwiklasi wayewaxinile. Kamva, urhulumente uguqulwe umzimba abaqhuba khuselo womelele nje kuphela kodwa buthathaka, leyo ijolise ekunikeni ngokuvumelana jikelele.

Ithiyori ubundlobongela uMbuso imvelaphi na ubuhle nobubi bayo. Yena ngokwenene unelungelo lokuba khona, njengoko ugonyamelo yabakho xa kuthe eziliqela kwamazwe. Nangoku kukho eninzi ungquzulwano kwisahlulo kwinkalo yezoqoqosho, awinileyo urhulumente iyavuleka ubunini ngoku kukho iqela ngokuncipha. Ngelo xesha nye akathathi ngokupheleleyo ingqalelo iimeko zentlalo nezoqoqosho. Ngokuba ukuvela urhulumente kufuna kwinqanaba elithile uphuhliso nezoqoqosho loluntu, ukuba ugcine izixhobo karhulumente. Imfundiso ubundlobongela elahla ngokupheleleyo nezinye ngcamango, embonisa ukuba lo mthombo kuphela amalungelo emfundo kunye likarhulumente, okubangele ukuba inkqubela waloo mfazwe.