Ithuba ukwamkela ilifa. sokubuyisa ixesha ekuphulukenwe ukuze unikholekise lilifa, ukuba ishiyiwe

Ngelishwa, kubomi babantu kukho amaxesha sizibandakanya nokufa kwamalungu osapho okanye abanye abantu obathandayo. Silusizi, kodwa ekugqibeleni, oko kusafuneka ukusombulula le meko kunye nelifa womfi. Kwaye ngoko ke abantu, amvelisele mibuzo: "Yintoni na ixesha nokwamkelwa ilifa", "Ukubuyisela ixesha ukwamkela ilifa ukuba kwamkelekile?." Kweli nqaku, ungakwazi ukufumana iimpendulo zale mibuzo.

Yintoni na ukuba?

Eli xesha umda ukwamkela ilifa sichazwa ngumthetho yoluntu ka-Russia, ingakumbi ulawulo-1154 ye-Code Civil. Ukumiselwa olu hlobo izithintelo ngenxa yokuba kuyimfuneko ukumisela kwi ejikeleza yoluntu ubume wepropati wamanyange, ukufumanisa abanini ezintsha ukumisela amalungelo abo kunye noxanduva, ukuhlangabezana amabango ezisemthethweni Iwabantu abatyalwayo kunye nabanye abantu, kuquka ngokwabo ziindlalifa. Ukongeza, ixesha ukwamkela ilifa uzimisele ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuqhubekayo yelifa into.

Ezi ngongoma asingabo kuphela apho ixesha elimisiweyo. Eli xesha, phakathi kwezinye izinto, umnikile ukuseka isangqa kwiindlalifa, ukuchonga yonke impahla ye mpahla, ukuba amisele ixabiso layo, ukwazi indawo yayo. Ngenxa yoko, ngelo xesha kubonisa ezihlangwini banyanzelekile ukuba wenze isigqibo malunga nokuba baya kungena lilifa okanye alahle ngayo.

Ngenxa yokuziphatha ngentsulungeko ixesha ukwamkeleka ilifa ngumthetho (ngeke) ikuvumela ukuba umahluko phakathi kanye nkqubo wokwamkelwa kunye nenkqubo enxulumene ngokungcwatywa womfi. Ivumela izihlobo uswelekileyo ukuchacha ingxokozelo onesiphumo, yaye kuphela emva koko benze amatyala njengelifa.

Ixesha lilonke

amagama Izincomo zinokwahluka ngobude, isiseko ubiza kwiindlalifa ukuba libe lilifa, elungelelanisa nexesha apho ixesha uqalisa ukubaleka. Ngenxa yezi zizathu, ngokwemiqathango yomthetho wokulandelelana zahlulwe zibe ezikhethekileyo jikelele. Igama jikelele ukwamkela ilifa buchazwa isixa elithile, umthetho ngayo olubekwe kwi iinyanga ezintandathu kwaye iqala esibuyel'emva yayo kwixesha xa kwenzeke kuvulwa ilifa. Ngamanye amazwi, ukuba indlalifa amalungelo ilifa kuza kuvulwa lilifa, ngoko usebenza ixesha elipheleleyo.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba kwisithuba seenyanga ezintandathu asetyenziswe phantse kuzo zonke iimeko. Le ongasetyenziswayo kuyo lo mgaqo imeko apho amagama ezizodwa ichazwa.

Iindlalifa, apho imiqathango jikelele isicelo, yahlulwe yaba bantu balandelayo:

• Abo bangena yalo ephambili yoqobo xa ofumana ipropati ilifa ngokomthetho.
• Ziindlalifa ngentando.
• iindlalifa Podnaznachennye phantsi intando, ukuba abantu ekubhekiswa kubo umnqophiso kule ziindlalifa wafa, ngaphandle kwilifa kwaye musa ilungelo kulo.
• Ungqabhuko alandela okulandelayo ukuba ulandelelwano sangaphambili ziindlalifa ezingekhoyo okanye abanalo ilungelo lokwamkela ilifa.

Ukunakanwa kwabafileyo ummi

Kukho iimeko xa umntu kambi yinkundla. Umzekelo, ukuba yalahleka, yaye isixa elithile, akafumaneki oko, usapho unelungelo lokuya enkundleni, nto leyo ukubona abafileyo umntu. Nophuhliso ezinjalo eyenzekayo ngomhla ukuvulwa ilifa yokungena amandla kwisenzo yenkundla esemthethweni.

Eli xesha okhethekileyo. Isebenza kubantu abaye angekhoyo, ukuba ngexesha yokuduka sakhatshwa iimeko esirhesha ukuba umntu ufile. Kulo mzekelo, ixesha elimiselweyo ukwamkela ilifa elo isixa elifanayo ixesha kwikota jikelele, oko kukuthi kwiinyanga ezi-6. Umahluko kuphela okwangoku, elide kangakanani ixesha enjalo ixesha abakhwetha.

Isenzo lezobulungisa umgwebi kufuneka ukhankanye umhla ekujoliswe yokufa, umzekelo, imini kwenzeka iimeko eziyingozi okanye iingozi. Olu suku ithathwa imini yokufa, ngokufanelekileyo, mzuzu lokuvula ilifa. Nangona kunjalo, ngexesha iya kuqalisa ngomhla kuphela xa isigqibo senkundla uqalisa ukusebenza kwayo. Lo mthetho kulo mzekelo, ukuzama ukulondoloza amalungelo abo ziindlalifa ababephila ngomhla yokufa kuthelekelelwa, kodwa ezinye izizathu kwakungekho ezihlangwini kwi isangqa ngexesha bangene ukusebenza komyalelo wenkundla.

Kweli thuba olukhethekeliyo mthetho ukwakhusela amalungelo kwiindlalifa, leyo, kwelinye icala, akanako ukwamkela ilifa logama nje yesigwebo akuthethi ufumane imbala, kwelinye icala - ukuba ubalo kuqhutywa ukususela kumhla wokusweleka, ngethuba leenyanga ezintandathu siqiniseke ukuba babe mna ephosiweyo.

Circle of ziindlalifa kunye ilifa unqophisileyo ukuba zibandakanywe kwilifa ichazwe imini leyo ngumhla wokufa kuthelekelelwa, kwabhalwa isigqibo kweenkundla.

ixesha okhethekileyo kwimeko ukusilela yelifa okanye ukususwa i ziindlalifa akalutho

ixesha Special ukwamkela ilifa ngumthetho (ngokuthanda) usebenza kubo abantu banelungelo ilifa ibonakala ngokunxulumene iindlalifa anibufanele zangaphambili okanye ukususwa zabo. Ukongeza, ilungelo elinjalo enokuvela ngokwesiseko ukwala ilifa. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba ilifa kugqalwa abanobuchule umntu kwaye ayikwazi wamiselwa intlawulo yokuzicamagushela nxamnye nokuthanda kwakhe. Eyahlukileyo ukuba ezihlangwini akavumi ukwamkela ilifa, ngoko, oko, ilungelo lokuba loo nto idluliselwa kwabanye abantu ukuze kuqalwe kunye ngokokuthanda kwakhe. abantu abanjalo yaye igama eyodwa iyasetyenziswa, apho baya kuba iinyanga ezintandathu, kodwa kucingwa ukuba zininzi kwixesha xa iindlalifa loo weza ngqo ilifa. Kulo mzekelo, kuvela lungelo kubo ukususela kwimini xa kukho izivumelwano ingxelo eqinisekisiweyo ukwaliwa ilifa kweendlalifa zangaphambili, kwaye xa kukho ukususwa ezihlangwini akaphilanga - ukuba ekubeni bangene amandla a kwizigqibo kwinkundla efanelekileyo.

Ukuba alandela abazange bayifumane impahla njengelifa

Specialised ukwamkelwa elithi lelifa ngokuthanda okanye ngumthetho kwakhona isicelo ukuba abantu babe kuvela ilungelo efana ngenxa yokusilela enye impahla ilifa ziindlalifa. Njengomgaqo, ibinzana okukhethekile uchazwa kweenyanga ezintathu, kwaye iqalisa ukuba yenzeke emini, ekupheleni kwexesha zizonke, kubalwa ukususela ngexesha lokuvula ilifa, okanye ibinzana ezizodwa kubalwa ukususela kumhla bangene amandla isenzo enkundla, awenza ukuba umyoleli kambi.

Le isithuba seenyanga ezintathu kukwamkelwa ngqo ilifa isetyenziswa kuphela kwiimeko apho nabanye abangabaxhamli anamkelanga ilifa. Indlela ukuchaza ngayo? YoMsayini kuthetha lolo ipropati ilifa, ukuba nangayiphi na indlela ukuba kungenzeka ayiboniswanga ukuthanda yolandelelwano kwakhe emnyango. Oko kukuthi, ukuba umntu onjalo ngethuba ixesha jikelele okanye ezikhethekileyo iinyanga ezintandathu khange engenise ahambelanayo imfuneko ukwamkela izivumelwano impahla, hayi ngo ngokumnika uxwebhu eqinisekisa ilungelo lakhe kwipropati. Ukongeza, ukuba ezihlangwini ayithathanga nasiphi na iziganeko elibhalisileyo lisenokubonisa ukuba ufumene ukuphiwa, iza kuqwalaselwa abamamkelayo na. Umzekelo, ukuba indlu, inxalenye ubunzima yolandelelwano, igcinwe ezihlangwini, uya kuhlawula zonke iindleko eluncedo, uthwele umthwalo nokugcinwa indlu, ukuhlawula irhafu, kodwa kwangaxeshanye alisebenzi izivumelwano zobhaliso amalungelo abo, akukwazeki ababekelwe loo ayamkelwa estate. Ngapha koko, enyanisweni, wayithabatha. Kodwa ukuba kunjalo, ngokubanzi, yinkomo edla wazikhuphulula kwezo izenzo ezinjalo, ngoko kokuba kuthathwe ukuba ilifa zingamkelwa.

Ngu lolo abantu ilifa naye zingahlulwa nabo ziindlalifa abangalenzanga naliphi na inyathelo elithe ngqo, kubhaliwe na isikhanyeli ebhaliweyo ngelo xesha akazange ukunika imvume yokuqeshwa kwalo propati. Ukuba ezihlangwini wafa emva kokuvulwa kwelifa, kusenokwenzeka ngokulinganayo akuwuqiqi kwamkelwa impahla ilifa.

sokubuyisa ixesha ekuphulukenwe enkundleni

Iindlela kunye nexesha ukwamkeleka lilifa, ukuba ebekiweyo zesiqhelo okanye ezizodwa oziphosileyo, kakhulu, ingaba nomahluko. umthetho civil Russian kwaye ibonelelwe ngezibonelelo.

Kakhulu ingaqhelekanga, xa ixesha ukwamkela ilifa. sokubuyisa ixesha ekuphulukenwe ukwamkela ilifa bakuncede kule meko. Ngokusemthethweni le iyafumaneka kwi indlalifa yakwazi ukuba baqonde amalungelo abo. Nangona kunjalo, lo mhla ke labuyiselwa, isiseko esiyimfuneko. Enye yazo kukunqongophala kolwazi malunga yokuvulwa yindlalifa kwilifa. Kwakhona, iziseko abonakala ngayo, kunye nezinye izizathu ezisemthethweni.

Buyisela babengekho ixesha ukwamkela ilifa kungenzeka ngeendlela ezimbini. Le nkqubo yenkundla kunye ebizwa njalo-nkqubo yoxolelwaniso. Indlela yokuqala njengoko negama layo kuthetha, kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa iinkundla. miss yoMsayini belo xesha, angenise isicelo kwiinkundla nesicelo ukuyibuyisa. Loo ngxelo ngazo kwiinkqubo simchase. Kwimeko apho ibango lommangali ukuba yanelisekile, uya kwaziwa ukuba indlalifa kwaye iya kumiselwa isabelo kwipropati izinyanya. Kakade ke, ingxelo ummangali kufuneka ukuba udwelise izinto apho sele kudlule ixesha elithile ngumthetho zokungenela lilifa. Court ezinjalo izinto ziza imphilise kuhlalutywa, baya kunikwa yovavanyo efanelekileyo. Ezinye zezi zinto, umzekelo, izibakala yokuzifihla yindlalifa ukufa kwalowo unqophisileyo yaye, ngokunjalo, evula ilifa.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba xa kanye yindlalifa oku kufuneka kube lula ukuseka ubunyani lokuvula ilifa, oko kukuthi, akazange ukuba mabagade ukufa kwalowo unqophisileyo, kwaye baqalisa flow ngexesha ukwamkeleka ilifa. sokubuyisa ixesha ekuphulukenwe ukwamkela ilifa kule imeko iza nobucukubhede kakhulu. Ngokuqhelekileyo abantu abanjalo ngubani na ukuba ube uyazi ukuba kwenzeka ntoni, lo mthetho iqwalasela abemi abakhubazekileyo ngubani na ukuqonda iziphumo ngokwasemthethweni lokuvula ilifa ntoni. Phakathi kwezi abantwana abakhubazekileyo kunye abaselula, yaye abantu evinjwa amandla omthetho ngenxa yokugula, njalo njalo. P. Kwakhona yi oku kunganxulunyaniswa kwiindlalifa ngokuthanda. Ngokomzekelo, umntu othile yindlalifa e ukuthanda kwakhe, kodwa ezinye iindlalifa izivumelwano, wayifihla le nto kuye. Le ndoda, ohlala kude-mpahla kwaye akaxhasi unxibelelwano nabo, abazange baziswe ngokufanelekileyo malunga kuvulwa lilifa, inokuba kwakhona kuqwalaselwa obengazi kwaye kufuneka sazi ngale nto kwezomthetho.

Ezinye iimeko emihle

Ezinye iimeko ezinokuthi ezaziwayo yinkundla esebenzayo:

• ukugula kakhulu;
• nokubhala;
• ukufumana umntu kwimo awubi;
• uhambo olude, ngexesha apho kungekho kungenzeka ukuba amanyathelo asemthethweni (umz, uhambo ishishini kwiindawo ezikude apho kungekho izivumelwano okanye abantu ekwaziyo ukuqhuba inyathelo izivumelwano).

Kakade ke, iimeko zidweliswe kuphela engundoqo, alupheli. Inkundla xa kuqwalaselwa loo kwityala lembambano uya kuqwalasela zonke ezi zinto kunye nezizathu. Kunokuba imgqale esebenzayo kunye nezinye iimeko ngenxa apho ummangali ayikwazanga ukuthatha ilifa ixesha.

Enye ingongoma ebalulekileyo - ukwenzeka ukubuyisela ixesha ukwamkela lilifa ngokuthanda okanye ngumthetho, inkundla kwakhona ixesha elithile. Isicelo esiya enkundleni iya kuthunyelwa ungadlulanga owe ngaphezu kweenyanga ezi-6 ukusuka kumhla xa imiqathango uphazamiseko kwi impahla ilifa, wanyamalala. Umzekelo, indlalifa, ohlala kwindawo ekude yi-mpahla kwaye akaxhasi unxibelelwano kunye naye, wamkela ucingo okanye nayiphi enye umyalezo ukuba wafa. Kwiinyanga ezintandathu ukususela ngoku iyasebenza.

inkqubo because

Ukuba phula ixesha nokwamkelwa ilifa, sokubuyisa ixesha ekuphulukenwe nalo ukwamkela ilifa kunokwenziwa yi indlela yesibini. Bona ingqalelo ukuqaphela ngokuzithandela ilungelo indlalifa ilifa ezinye ezihlangwini ziye zalamkela kuyo. Le ndlela kuthiwa yoxolelwaniso. Nezenzo zomntu ephosiweyo xesha lengxelo, yahlukile indlela yokuqala kule meko. Uye elingasetyenziswanga, elingatsalanga enkundleni, kwaye nakwabanye yeendlalifa anqwenelela ukubuyisela osikiweyo ukwamkela ilifa. Xa zonke iindlalifa ndivuma ekubulaweni isicelo emva kwexesha, banikela kwemvume yabo ebhaliweyo. Kudla kokuba zingqinwe izivumelwano.

Ngokungafaniyo komyalelo wenkundla

Kukho umahluko eziliqela esisiseko ixesha imo recovery liyachitha ukwamkela elifeni yinkundla.

1. Ukunika imvume iindlalifa okanye yikhanyele kungeyomfuneko ukuba ukujonga kwingxelo unobangela ukuthanda kwakhe.
2. Ku nghenelela alandela inkqubo efunyenwe imuschestvonasledstvo engamelanga ithathwe njenge sizathu ukuba kudlule ixesha yindlalifa emva kwexesha.
3. Ukwala ukunika imvume ayikwazi ukuba ubengabhenele ezinkundleni. Ezo ukusilela ezihlangwini ubuncinane omnye kudala imiqobo irremovable ukuba asebenzisa inkqubo yoxolelwaniso.
4. Ziindlalifa ukuze ukunika imvume enjalo kuphela umntu lo yindlalifa kwiklasi enye, oko kukuthi, ukususela isangqa enye, ukuba, kwakunye mntu, akuba engene ibe lilifa, uyakwazi asuse enye le ezihlangwini efanayo, sele wafumana ilifa. Ngamanye amazwi, abantu abeza ilifa kuphela ixesha sendleleni lomnye indlalifa, enika yenkolelo yakhe elungileyo ukuhlaziya kule kota, ukulahlekelwa amalungelo abo.
5. Inkqubo ulamlo kunokusetyenziswa nokuba ixesha abacandayo. Apha, ngokwaselukholweni elungileyo.

isiphelo

Ngoko ke, kuxhomekeke kwiimeko ezithile kukwamkelwa ezahlukeneyo kakhulu ixesha ilifa. sokubuyisa ixesha ekuphulukenwe ukwamkela lilifa ukuba nzima ezahlukeneyo izinto, kuquka inkcaso abo sele bayamkela ilifa. Kwakhona Kunzima ukuqikelela, kunye nendawo le Nkundla malunga ixesha yokupasa ngenxa yezizathu ezithile. Ngoko ke, ukuze ukulondoloza amalungelo abo asemthethweni kunye neemfuno kufuneka ukwazi oko osikiweyo ukwamkela ilifa, kunye nobokuba umsantsa, kungakuhle ukuba aphule. Enoba kwenzeka ntoni na, xa kwavela kwimeko enjalo, kubhetele ukusebenzisa imithetho nghenelela kubuyiselwa ebomini elahlekileyo, ukuba akunakwenzeka ukuba isicelo kwiinkundla.