Izikhwenene: ulwazi ngokubanzi

Izikhwenene zaqala ukuba zizilwanyana zasekhaya e-Indiya yaye ingqalelo iintaka ezingcwele, yaye BC ngenkulungwane IV, wabonakala eYurophu. Bazizisa nabo nxaxheba kwiphulo Mpuma Aleksandra Makedonskogo. In uBukhosi baseRoma oko yasasazwa izikhwenene ukusuka eIndiya, yaye kamva e-Afrika. Ngenkulungwane XV, ezi ntaka kwaziswa eRashiya. Namhlanje - zakho izilwanyana ozithandayo, izikhwenene kunye neevidiyo kwi Internet athandwa kakhulu.

Ummandla lonikezelo

Uninzi kweentlobo abahlala ngaphakathi kwimida kuMbindi naseMzantsi Merika. E-Afrika, mpuma Asia kunye oweeneem Indiya, kukho ishumi elinesibini ezimbalwa, kwaye eNew Zealand, iOceania kunye Philippines - iintlobo 109. Ngo-Europe kunye izikhwenene nelizwekazi North American unotshe, bengathabathanga ingqalelo amazwe. Kodwa US kukho iimeko apho ebe zabelwe i-ukuthanda iintaka asinda yaye baqhubeka nendlela yabo eqhelekileyo yobomi kwiindawo ngqwabalala. Umda womntla uluhlu izikhwenene isasazeka empuma Afghanistan nakumazantsi - emahlathini Argentina kanye Chile.

Ngokuqhelekileyo izikhwenene abahlala emithini, kodwa ezinye abameli bazo zifumaneka izithuba ezivulekileyo kunye nkqu ezintabeni. Umzekelo, ukuba afunyanwa rhoqo kwi ezintabeni of New Zealand, Papua New Guinea kunye Tibet. Ezinye iintlobo bakhetha elunxwemeni kolwandle, ngoxa abanye - imimandla eziyimiqwebedu (Central Australia).

ngezigaba

Parrot mkhaya iintlobo-328, ezo zidityaniswe zibe subfamilies 5:

• Dyatlov - wafumana ikakhulu e New Guinea kunye iziqithi ezikufutshane. Zezona omncinane kakhulu phakathi kwabazalwana babo, ngenxa yokuba ubude yomzimba kuphela 9.5 - 10 cm.
• Lorievye - ekuqaleni evela Australia, Papua New Guinea, kwimpuma Indonesia, i-Philippines.
• Psittacinae - kwi GhostScript luquka Afrika naseMzantsi Merika, ezinye iintlobo zifumaneka eOstreliya. Yiba mfutshane, kuba wayenze isifungo ngathi ngomlomo kunye nomsila ahanjiswa.
• Owl - iintlobo New Zealand kaThixo ikho, ngathi njengenciniba. iintsiba ezithambileyo. ngamanye amaxesha zibizwa ngokuba ayiyo abahleli imingxuma okanye phantsi iingcambu zomthi.
• Nestor - kunatyiselwa kummandla New Zealand.

zobume

izikhwenene ubude Body ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo 9.5 cm -. 1 m Weight - ukususela 10 g ukuya 1 kg. Umsila Mfutshane umbala oqaqambileyo ezinqabileyo, umbala olubalaseleyo leyo ohlaza. Kunye naye nabanye imibala - obomvu, oluhlaza, mthubi - kudlala indima ebalulekileyo afihle. Photo izikhwenene zidla wafumana kukhulu kakhulu kwaye eliqaqambileyo. Noko ke, umbala ezi ntaka emehlweni oluntu - siyazikhohlisa optical. amaqamza amaninzi malunga nento refract ukukhanya, ngoko, umzekelo, kubonakala iintsiba emfusa esisecicini blue enyanisweni omdaka. Uninzi ezifumaneka eMzantsi Merika nase-Afrika, amadoda kunye nabasetyhini kubonakala musa kwahluka enye kwenye. Nangona kunjalo, e-Asia kunye Pacific Islands izikhwenene dimorphism ngokwesini ingakumbi kubi. Umzekelo, inkunzi krasnobokogo isikhwenene ngombala oluhlaza New Guinea, nemazi - ebomvu.

Wings ezinkulu, wakhomba, iintsiba ezi ukuya ku 20. umsila uye iintsiba 12. Flying ngokukhawuleza izikhwenene, kodwa imigama emifutshane, kwaye ngokukhawuleza ukuhamba ngapha kwemithi.

A isici esasenza abameli usapho isikhwenene umlomo wayo omkhulu. Nguye kakhulu elide, sivumele iintaka ukuba ngokulula usile iziqhamo esiqinileyo. Xa parrot akhwele imithi, umlomo kusinceda ukuba sinamathele emthini, esebenza njenge lomzimba yesithathu. Mfutshane imilenze zamafu ngeminwe ezinokuthabatheka ngeentlobo isithende. Iminwe yokuqala neyesine imilenze abuya umva uze uvumele lexinene isebe isaphetha lula intshukumo. Xa kuthelekiswa nezinye nabameli ingqondo iintaka izikhwenene Khawufan imali enkulu. Baye nenkumbulo kakhulu, kuphuhliswa isifanadumo kunye musculature ilizwi. Zonke iintlobo fun kunye izikhwenene, nto leyo layo i-World Wide Web, betha i amangalisayo ngentloko lukwavelisa intetho yabantu.

Umfanekiso wobomi isikhwenene

Izikhwenene - iintaka bathanda, yokwakha bengababini, maxa wambi bengamaqela. Badla ikakhulu ukutya izityalo - iziqhamo, iimbewu zezityalo. ULori badle umungu nencindi. Ezinye iintlobo izikhwenene zitya ukutya kwesilwanyana soqobo - ziimpethu, izinambuzane kunye kwindawo yazo. Kea izikhwenene nokuba kudliwe nenkqo kwaye izimvu abadala. Feeds izikhwenene, equlathwe ekhaya, kufuneka iqulunqwe okuziinkozo, iimbewu, imifuno fresh, amasebe umthi (ezinde, imithi apile, oki).

Ihlala liphezulu izikhwenene imalunga engama-50, kodwa maxa wambi kukho ixesha elide, ukuphila ngokuvisisana iminyaka engama-70. Xa ekuthinjweni, bahlala ngaphantsi kakhulu. Umzekelo, budgies kufa kweminyaka eli-13 ubudala. Cuba Amazon baphile ixesha elide - ukuya kutsho kwiminyaka engama-40. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba iminyaka yokuphila iye ikwimeko efanelekileyo sisikhwenene. Intuthuzelo kunye ukutya ngokwaneleyo kuya kuqinisekisa kwakhe ubomi obude obonwabisayo ubomi.