Izilonda Non-carious kwamazinyo: iintlobo, izinto, unyango

izilonda Non-carious amazinyo - zesiganeko rhoqo kwi amazinyo. Oku kuquka iintlobo ezininzi izifo umyalezo ezahlukeneyo, kunye kubonakaliswa clinical.

ingqiqo jikelele

izilonda Non-carious amazinyo - iqela elikhulu izifo kunye ezimbi. Ezi ziquka zonke umonakalo lwawo, isifo izicwili zamazinyo zendalo non-virus. Njengoko ukwanda ukuba abahlala kwindawo yesibini emva yidityaniso. Olu hlobo yokwenzakala anokuba ezahlukahlukeneyo iimpawu kunye nomfanekiso lwezonyango, elingafaniyo namanye, kunye noonobangela. Ke bonke bephela naso okanye lufundiwe.

Ukuze zisasazwe ezahlukahlukeneyo - kuchaphazela enye okanye yonke amazinyo emgceni, ezinye iindawo ngendlela ethile. Uninzi lwezi zifo abafunyenwe nzima, njengoko ezifanayo iimpawu ezimbi ezahlukeneyo kwaye distinguishable kunqabile omnye komnye. Oku kube ngenxa nolwazi zaneleyo kwesi sifo, nto leyo ebangela kubenzima ubhaqo lwalo kwaye kwandisa umngcipheko iingxaki. Kule meko, kunceda kuphela kwiiklinikhi best yamazinyo, nto leyo eya kuphatha ukhetho oluchanekileyo unyango (umzekelo, "CM-Clinic", nto leyo eye amasebe eziliqela e Moscow, "Diamed" okanye "Dentalux-M").

Ukuhlelwa izilonda non-carious

Ngenxa nezahlukahlukeneyo izifo ezinxulumene ingcamango "izilonda non-carious kwamazinyo", ukuhlelwa kwazo akukho umgangatho eyamkelekileyo. Ukuba nidibanisa onke kwedatha ingabhekiswa ngokubanzi ukufumana uluhlu lweendidi izilonda.

1. Uphuhliso Pathology ne lwaba neengxakana :

• Le anomaly shape, ubukhulu.
• Fluorosis (amazinyo nezinala).
• Wayesebenzisa hypoplasia (yophuhliso disorder).
• Pathology zamafa amazinyo uphawu structure (odontogenesis, amelodentinogenez).
• Negcushuwa (naso).
• Okunye pathology ezinxulumene iimeko zangaphandle (antibiotics, isifo RH).

2. kwizifo itshintsha kwinyama izinyo nzima:

• Gqibezela izinyo ukulahleka.
• Ukhukhuliseko.
• Umbala utshintsho emva dubulo.
• Ukukhula kobuthathaka izicwili.

3. Utshintsho kwi lwangaphakathi isakhiwo izinyo :

• zaphuka Ingcambu.
• Dislocation nengcambu.
• Ukwaphuka izinyo isithsaba.
• Kuvulwa yintlama.

Kwilizwe lethu, kusenokwenzeka ukuba ukusebenzisa ezinye yokuhlela ecetywayo ngo-1968 V. K. Patrikeevym. Ngokutsho amanxeba ayo non-carious amazinyo yahlulwe ngamaqela amabini.

1. ilahleko ekungenwe phambi kokuba dubulo:

• Le anomaly le dubulo kunye nophuhliso.
• amazinyo Hypoplasia.
• Hyperplasia.
• Fluorosis.
• izifo njengelifa.

2. Iilahleko ezivela emva kokuba kuqhuma:

• Ukhukhuliseko.
• I siphene nesinqumka-ezimile.
• inyama necrosis Nzima.
• hyperesthesia kwamazinyo.
• Isusa.
• Ukwenzakala amazinyo.
• Nombala.

hypoplasia

Ngoko wabiza ngezifo ze inyama zamazinyo ngexesha nokubunjwa kwayo, oko kukuthi, abantwana ukuya ku ezikhoyo kuba zisaqala. ulwaphulo ibangelwa amatshe zaneleyo izicwili. The main phawu - ukungabi yeziko okanye uphuhliso ayo ngendlela engaqhelekanga. hypoplasia kwamazinyo isenokuba iziphene okanye ukuphuhlisa emva kokuzalwa. Kukho izizathu ezininzi:

• ungquzulwano unina RH factor kunye nomntwana,
• sisifo esosulelayo ubunzima yi unina ngexesha lokukhulelwa, usulelo kwi umntwana emva kokuzalwa,
• isifo kusasa onamandla okuhambisana ukukhulelwa,
• prematurity, ukuhlukumezeka ngexesha delivery,
• ngezifo ekukhuleni komntwana emva kokuzalwa,
• dystrophy, izifo phecana zesisu,
• ukuphazamiseka pathways
• developmental ukuphazamiseka komsebenzi kwengqondo,
• umonakalo ukuya ithambo emhlathini.

Kukho iindidi ezimbini hypoplasia - systemic nabeengingqi. Eyokuqala luphawulwa izitshanguba kwamazinyo, libya wayesebenzisa ubukhulu okanye ukungabikho kwalo. Yiba amabala atyheli. uyahluka Local ahlula izidumbu omnye okanye emibini. Akukho kuyagcinwa Akukho lwawo (buso okanye ngokupheleleyo), iziphene noshowo amazinyo - zingakotshwa zikhubazekile. Ezi ukuphazamiseka ezibangela intlungu. Hypoplasia e izinto ezinzima uhlobo ukwanda lingonakali kwamazinyo, izicwili intshabalalo okanye ilahleko lilonke umzimba, uphuhliso malocclusion. unyango hypoplasia iquka mhlophe amazinyo (kusekwangoko) kunye nokugcwaliswa okanye afakelweyo (kunye sisifo esibi). amalungiselelo ezonyango Kwangaxeshanye kwenziwa wayesebenzisa remineralization (umz, calcium gluconate solution). Ukwenzela ukuthintela ukwenzeka hypoplasia ebantwaneni bayakhuthazwa abasetyhini abakhulelweyo ukutya okunezondlo equlathe iivithamini izinyo (D, C, A, B), kwaye fluoride calcium, kwakunye ukubambelela ngokungqongqo nococeko ngomlomo.

hyperplasia

Hyperplasia - izilonda ezingezo-carious amazinyo ezinxulumene kumiswa ngokugqithisileyo izicwili zamazinyo. ukubonakala kwazo kungenxa engeyoyesiqhelo iiseli epithelial, wayesebenzisa kunye dentin. Ebonakalisa ngohlobo "yokusithwa", ekwabizwa ngokuba 'neeperile lwawo. " Mhlawumbi ukufika-5 mm ubukhulu. Eyona ndawo eyendawo - entanyeni yezinyo laso. lehle enjalo ibandakanya lwawo, dentin ngaphakathi usenokuba kwizihlunu ezithambileyo okanye nokuqina, ngokungathi ido-. Kukho iindidi ezintlanu baloo maqumrhwana kubume:

• bokwenyaniso-lwawo - kwenziwa kuphela lwawo,
• wayesebenzisa-dentine - wayesebenzisa dentine ngaphakathi iqokobhe iquka,
• wayesebenzisa-dentine lihla kunye yintlama - ungaphakathi kwindawo leyo kwizicwili,
• Rodriguez uwisa - Ponty - lwawo uluhlu periodontal phakathi ingcambu kunye alveoli;
• vnutridentinnye - ebekwe nzulu dentin.

Hyperplasia nezihlunu amazinyo ngokwezonyango engabonakali ntoni ngokwayo, oko ukuvise intlungu, nangokurhala, okanye waziva. Sinako bonisa kuphela into kubuhle, ukuba anomaly kuchaphazela amazinyo ngaphambili.

Kulo mzekelo, i sokusila kunye umphezulu sokulinganisa. Kwezinye iimeko, xa isigulane asizidini, akukho unyango. amanyathelo azizithintelo ukuze ikukhusele amazinyo usana nokubola kwamazinyo, ngokuba intshabalalo wabo kunokubangela ukuphazamiseka kuphuhliso rhoqo.

fluorosis

Fluorosis kwenzeka ngexesha ukuyilwa yethishyu zamazinyo ngenxa inani ngokugqithisileyo fluorine. Iguqula isakhiwo esichanekileyo lwawo kwaye ibangele iziphene zayo lwangaphandle - ukubonakala amabala, imivumbo, Nemiqela, inabe ezimnyama. Ekuphuhlisweni kwale ngezifo lidlala indima nje kuphela ngokugqithiseleyo of fluoride, kodwa ukungabi calcium. Xa abantwana, fluoride oluhlala ngakumbi nangakumbi ngokukhawuleza ngaphezu abadala, ukufika ngokutya namanzi. Yaba kweendlela fluorosis amazinyo:

• kwacunyuzwa - ibonisa imbonakalo wachuba iindawo ezimhlophe ngaphandle ngokucacileyo indlela;
• Neenkunzana - luphawulwa amabala bulubhelu kunye kumphezulu ziindlela ezigudileyo;
• chalky-zinala - amabala Mat okanye shiny ukuba umbala omhlophe, omdaka okanye esimthubi (inokuba kuchaphazela zonke emazinyweni);
• ilunga - ukukhukuliseka ezininzi wayesebenzisa komhlaba;
• kuyabulala (izinyo yahlula okanye kwadilika ngokupheleleyo) - iinkqubo deleterious fluorosis ezinxulumene.

Amayeza fluorosis iyohluka, ixhomekeka kuhlobo kwesi sifo. Ngoko, xa ifomu edyojiweyo bamthwala sokukhanyisa kunye remineralization, ukuba kuyimfuneko - umaleko eliphezulu ukuncitshiswa wayesebenzisa kufuneka. Kodwa uhlobo ilunga iindlela ezinjalo musa ukunyanga, kukho kufuneka ukubuyisela amazinyo veneers okanye nezithsaba. Iindlela jikelele unyango ziquka remineralization, ngokubuyiselwa imilo kunye nombala umzimba, iziphumo asekuhlaleni emzimbeni, kophuma ulawulo fluorine.

ukhukuliseko

izilonda Carious kuquka ukhukuliseko monakalo lwawo. lasungulwa kubangela ukutshintsha umbala, umonakalo aesthetic izinyo, kwakunye uvakalelo oluphezulu. Ukubonwa uhlolo olubonakalayo. Ukhukuliseko izinyo lubonakala ngokuba intshabalalo okuqhubekayo lwawo kunye dentine, kuba isifo esinganyangekiyo, oku kungathatha ixesha elide. Unobangela esi sifo kuba ubhalo ngomatshini, umzekelo, usebenzisa wokutyula okanye intlama kunye amasuntswana esirhabaxa. Kwakhona, ukhukhuliseko unokubangwa yi isenzo kwemichiza lo lwawo xa yatya ukutya neziselo kunye iasidi (pickles, incindi citrus iziqhamo kunye nezinye). Abasebenzi amashishini enxulumene inhalation rhoqo kwezinto ezinobungozi, ngokufuthi ubunzima ngenxa izilonda ezinjalo amazinyo. Ukusetyenziswa kwezinye iziyobisi kusenokuba negalelo izifo (umz, isixa esikhulu ascorbic acid kuchaphazela lwawo).

Cause ukhukuliseko kwamazinyo nako ukungasebenzi le isisu (ukwanda iasidi-bume yayo) okanye ndlala. Ukuchonga izifo kusekwangoko kakhulu, njengoko iboniswa kuphela ukulahlekelwa ukukhanya kwi kwindawo enye encinane izinyo. Le enye ikhosi yeziphumo sifo kwi wayesebenzisa kwehle ngcembe kunye dentin. Kubonakala ngathi amazinyo kunxitywe, kaninzi ngezantsi. Unyango kusekelwe ukuyeka ukutshatyalaliswa izinyo kwithishyu. Oku kuquka isicelo appliqués calcium kunye nesiqulatho fluorine seentsuku ezingama-20, indawo ochaphazelekayo ngakumbi wazigquma ftorlakom. Mhlawumbi ukusetyenziswa veneers okanye nezithsaba ukubuyisela ukubonakala kubuhle. Uthomalaliso zidibene ziquka amalungiselelo calcium, iphosphate kunye neevithamini ngenxa amazinyo. Ukuba washiya ukhukuliseko alunyangwanga, oko kunokubangela hypersensitivity kwamazinyo.

hyperesthesia

Hyperesthesia izinyo wayesebenzisa wabonakalisa anda ngovakalelo kwiimeko ezininzi le uphawu esihamba kunye nezinye izifo non-carious. Ukuxhaphaka esi sifo phezulu; malunga nama-70% abemi ubunzima hyperesthesia, ngokufuthi kuchaphazela amabhinqa. Ukubonakaliswa - ebukhali, iintlungu eziqatha sobona ngaphezu kwemizuzwana amathathu kwaye kubonakala phezu sesichengeni ukuba iimeko zangaphandle lwawo. Hypersensitivity zohlulwa ngokwendidi ngokwemimiselo ezininzi:

1. Ukuhanjiswa:

• olunemida - kuchaphazela amazinyo omnye okanye ngaphezulu;
• ngokubanzi - luphawulwa ubuntununtunu onke amalungu.

2. Imvelaphi:

• uhlobo hyperesthesia ezinxulumene nelahleko izinyo inyama;
• sinxulumana nelahleko, ngenxa nemeko ngokubanzi eziphilayo.

3. I picture clinical:

• ubuhlungu kwenzeka impendulo kwizinto lobushushu lwangaphandle (amanzi abandayo);
• amazinyo basabela ezintweni zeekhemikhali (ukutya kamnandi okanye asidi);
• Ukuphendula zonke ziyakhuthazeka, kuquka ephathekayo.

specialist unyango hypersensitivity eyabelwe kuxhomekeke unobangela livela, ukuntsonkotha iingxaki neentlobo esi sifo. Kwezinye iimeko kuyimfuneko ahlinzwe (umz; xa iintsini zophendlo lwezifo uhle amazinyo bako kummandla wesibeleko), kwaye ngamanye amaxesha singasuswa iinkqubo zonyango, ezifana ukubeka izicelo fluorinated kwimimandla ezonakeleyo. unyango amazinyo kufuneka ukuba hypersensitivity ngenxa yokwanda lingonakali amazinyo. amanyathelo azizithintelo - inani yokudla zonke izimbiwa kubalulekile kunye neevithamini eyomeleza izinyo izihlunu, ukusetyenziswa rhoqo kwaye ngokuchanekileyo iimveliso yezempilo ngomlomo, kwakunye yoviwo yonyaka ngugqirha wamazinyo.

I siphene alubi ezimile

Nesinqumka-ezimile isiphako - mazinyo, apho lesiseko wayitshabalalisa. Xa ubajongile wabonakalaliswa umonakalo intamo izinyo enembonakalo imnyama. Kaninzi ezithandwa iziphene aso. Kwi sigaba sokuqala ayinamsebenzi, kunzima ukubona. Ekubeni ke ixesha elide kwesi sifo kukho umthunzi ngobumnyama kwi sisilonda. Uphawu ephambili yomonakalo esime-ezimile - amazinyo kabuhlungu basabela njani isiphumo ubushushu okanye abandayo, ukutya okumnandi, isiphumo emzimbeni (ukucoca). Isizathu sokuba nokuphuhlisa sifo kuba ukunqongophala lococeko kwisisu ngomlomo, kakubi brush - ukuba emva zokucoca kwisiseko ekubunjweni ithambo nebhodi ngokudluliselwa kwentsholongwane, oko utshabalalisa lwawo, ekhokelela siphene iverhe. Kwakhona, unobangela inokuba isifo seentsini ezifana gingivitis kunye periodontitis, umsebenzi lengqula kakuhle, ukwanda asidi esiswini, ebangela heartburn. Treatment nesinqumka isiphako kuxhomekeke ubungqongqo yokwenzakala.

Nge ngokwaneleyo ukuze ukuqhuba iinkqubo zokunciphisa ngokwaphulwa ezenza calcium fluoride kwi wayesebenzisa nokunciphisa ubuntununtunu kwayo iimeko zangaphandle. Xa umonakalo onamandla ukwenza ngaphandle ufakelo lwetywina. ezinjalo seals badla iwe indawo lingavumi engasebenzi. Uninzi iiklinikhi zamazinyo bayakwazi ukusombulula le ngxaki ngokuthi ukugrumba emngxunyeni imilo ethile, elibamba itywina, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezizodwa elastic.

Necrosis inyama nzima

Necrosis zamazinyo izicwili nzima kusekwangoko eboniswe ilahleko amabala wayesebenzisa isilungiseleli seglosi ukubonakala chalky. Xa inkqubo yokuqulunqa sifo, baba limnyama. Xa sisilonda esidumbileyoesingaphakathi okuthambisa izicwili, wayesebenzisa uphelelwa ngamandla ayo, ngoxa isigulane usenokukhalaza ukuba wacanda ngezinyo. Dentin nombala kwenzeka. Ngokuqhelekileyo kuchaphazela arhente ngaphezu kwesinye, kodwa eziliqela. Ubuntununtunu luyanda kwizinto ngaphandle. It yenzelwe ubukhulu becala entanyeni izinyo, kwakunye iziphene ezimilise V-ukhukuliseko. Kodwa ke, nangona iimpawu ezifanayo, kunye nakummandla ochaphazelekayo, i wamazinyo onamava uya kukwazi ukwahlula ngokulula esi sifo omnye komnye kwaye wenze ukuxilongwa echanekileyo. Le ngezifo kwenzeka ngokuchasene nemvelaphi ukungalingani kwamadlala emzimbeni. Unyango sibhekiswe ekomelezeni izicwili lwamazinyo, ukuphelisa hypersensitivity (hyperesthesia), kwaye kwiimeko kakhulu emiselweyo unyango wamathambo.

ukuphatheka wamazinyo

Igama elithi "trauma amazinyo" idibanisa a umonakalo ungamalungu zangaphandle okanye zangaphakathi izinyo. wabo zingabizwa ekuweni, amagalelo kwethambo emhlathini ngexesha ezemidlalo, imilo, iingozi. Nangokuvela elide ukuba izinyo izinto zangaphandle okanye ngelaphu ukutya okuqinileyo ngayo ukubhitya kwaye zaqina. Kulo mzekelo, engxakini inokwenzeka naxa ukuhlafuna ukutya.

ukulimala zamazinyo kungabangela ekuziphatheni iinkqubo ngokungafanelekanga amazinyo, ezifana isicwangciso pin ephantsi-esemgangathweni. Kungabangela umonakalo kunye nezinye izifo, ezifana hypoplasia, fluorosis, yidityaniso wesibeleko, cyst ingcambu. Ngu ukwenzakala ziquka kwamathambo isithsaba okanye ingcambu, ingaphambuki endleleni, izinyo ulunywa. Injury Unyango isekelwe phezu ekupheliseni neziphumo ezibonakalayo kwi-organ ababesifa, bazishiya ukutya okuqinileyo. Xa unyango yezinyo dislocation emva emngxunyeni ukuya engraftment ngakumbi. Ukuba umsebenzi onjalo akukho nethemba, ngokutsho wamazinyo, zokwenziwa okanye efakwe eyenziwa. Ukwaphuka isithsaba kufuna unyango ngoko nangoko ukubuyisela kuphela umsebenzi ukuhlafuna kodwa yobuhle inkangeleko, ingakumbi xa umonakalo ubunzima amazinyo ngaphambili. Kulo mzekelo, beka isithsaba non-asuswayo. Ekuveleni nengcambu ngokuqhelekileyo luqhutywa nokususwa ngokupheleleyo nezinyo okanye pin lokumisela kweyodwa.