Jugular eVienna: Anatomy and Physiology

Jugular Vienna (YaV) osusa igazi amalungu kunye nezihlunu intloko kwi Vena cava cranial. Yeyona embindini kunye ngaphandle.

1. I Eyokuqala kwezi kumgama kufutshane ngokufanelekileyo ukusuka kumphezulu umzimba, ngoko oko kuza kujongwa imeko kwezihlunu zabo. Oku ise emseleni jugular yaye liqhuba igazi ukusuka entanyeni, isilevu nentamo eluswini, emva koko lungena ngokukhululekileyo YaV engaphakathi. Kuye isivingco kulo zidlule kwezinye imithambo ezifana:

a) sobuKristu jugular Vienna - asuka kwindawo kusesilevini, uyalele ezantsi ukuya kumphezulu kwezihlunu sternohyoid. Ababini kubo, bahambe omabini phantsi kwisithuba suprasternal, idityaniswe anastomosis (arc jugular). Ngenxa yoko, imithambo ngaphambili jugular hlangana ukwenza umthambo entanyeni.

b) Indlebe diff Vienna - liqhuba igazi evela plexus, nto leyo imi emva endlebeni. Le esemva indlebe.

c) Occipital - ephethe igazi ukusuka plexus lwemithambo ngasemva entloko, oko obegalelwe kuqhuma yenyukliya ephandle, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kungena lwangaphakathi.

g) suprascapular - idlula kunye kwemithambo kwaye ngohlobo komboko ezimbini kokuxhuma ekupheleni kwecandelo omnye Kusenjalo subclavian.

Jugular Vienna (elingaphandle) iqulathe lwezivalo.

2. A indima ekhethekileyo ngoku udlalwa nge jugular eVienna lwangaphakathi. Kuthatha umthombo wayo endaweni foramen jugular, nto leyo imi emazantsi yokakayi, obliquely zikhoyo kuwo yonke entanyeni phantsi kwe sterno-clavicular izihlunu, nto leyo awo osisi emazantsi entanyeni.

Kwimeko ukuyijika intloko ukuya kwelinye icala, iya kwi ndawo wombane wendlebe kunye sternoclavicular sochlenenieya, ibekwe kule carotid kwingxowa kwemithambo carotid nemithambo lateral.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ubuchopho, elileli: iqokobhe layo engqindilili iinkqubo lwemithambo iimpahla angena iphuma kwaye ukuphambukisa igazi wathi emzimbeni. Bonke bephela abaqhagamshelwe kuvimba omnye komnye kwaye enze into eqinileyo sinuses lwemithambo ngentambo. Ngoko, igazi buzinze sinus ezimbini sigmoid bedlula imingxunyana ethile, yaba lukakayi. Ngaloo akhiwa ekhohlo nasekunene ndlela jugular lwangaphakathi.

A ezimbalwa kakhulu zifakiwe kwi ngabafakwa uviko, leyo ukususa igazi ukusuka pharynx kunye kwingqula, kwamadlala amathe, kwisisu ngomlomo kunye ngeempumlo nolusu intloko entanyeni kunye ndlala. Xa flow YaV yangaphakathi kunye nezinye imithambo, ezifana:

a) phambi - evela emhlathini asezantsi ukuya intlanganisela imithambo ezimbini (ubuso ngaphambili kunye umva) yi ngqo ezantsi uze umva. It has akukho lwezivalo.

b) emithanjeni lengqula - ihambe imithambo kwaye ingena phambi iphuma okanye zeelwimi. Baye valve.

c) pharyngeal - sivela phezu umqala, bona yandomeleza inkalakahla channel ndlela vidian, tube eustachian. Inani labo inokuba nomahluko, abanayo lwezivalo.

g) zeelwimi Vienna - ekufuphi kwemithambo, emshiya, alala phezu komhlaba izihlunu zeelwimi kwaye inikezelwa ngaxesha-nye ukuya kwi-luvo hypoglossal. It has valve.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba zonke imithambo ezi zentloko yenu zibaliwe anastomoses kunye sinuses lwemithambo ngokusebenzisa amathambo yokakayi. Ngoko ke, ukuba efumaneka kwikona engaphakathi iliso, emva indlebe, kuloo ndawo isithsaba. Ezi anastomoses kwenza kube lula ukulungisa uxinzelelo kwi ukakayi. Kwakhona, xa kukho ukudumba ancedisana bekhonza ngokuwisa ukudumba inwebu yobuchopho, nto leyo isenzeko anobungozi.

Ngenxa yoko, Vienna jugular lwangaphakathi, subclavian kuxumano buyeyona umphanda umngxuma emthanjeni phezulu.

Jugular Vienna, izithuthi entanyeni, yenza yayikukuphuphuma igazi ancedisana kunye namacandelo intloko kwaye yinxalenye Vena cava. It iqulathe ngambini amabini (ngaphandle nangaphakathi) apho wenze imisebenzi ebalulekileyo ummiselo yokumpompoza kwegazi, njengenxalenye yenkqubo yokujikeleza obuntu.