Imigaqo yokuyisebenzisa le transistor

Transistor - isixhobo eyehlayo phezu semiconductors kwi bombane. It yenzelwe ngokuguquka yokukhulisa imiqondiso yombane. Kukho iindidi ezimbini izixhobo: a transistor vuvabyi kunye transistor unipolar okanye intsimi.

Ukuba transistor iintlobo ezimbini abathwali kwentlawulo umsebenzi ngaxeshanye - imingxunya kunye elektroni, ibizwa ngokuba kwengqondo. Ukuba transistor lelinye kuphela uhlobo kwentlawulo, oko unipolar.

Khawuthelekelele umsebenzi yamanzi eziqhelekileyo etephini. Bashiya evulwa - flow lamanzi, wajika enye indlela - yokunciphisa okanye ayeke ukuhamba. Ngokoqobo lo umgaqo osebenza kuyo transistor. elektroni Kuphela endaweni umsinga amanzi therethrough. Umgaqo yokusebenza lohlobo transistor vuvabyi luphawulwa kukuba ngeli isixhobo se-elektroniki iintlobo ezimbini yamandla. Zahlula-hlulwe phezulu, okanye esisiseko kunye ezincinane, okanye umphathi. Esikhoyo ngoku ulawulo kuchaphazela umthamo ngamandla engundoqo. Cinga i transistor effect entsimini. Umgaqo ukusebenza kwawo yahlukile kwezinye. Ludlulele enye kuphela output yangoku leyo ixhomekeke kokugquma intsimi electromagnetic.

Le transistor vuvabyi yenziwe lamanqanaba 3 semiconductor, ngokunjalo, okona kubaluleke kakhulu, i-PN-ezidibanayo ezimbini. Kuyimfuneko ukuba ukwahlula phakathi PNP kunye zinakho NPN yaye, ke ngoko, kunye transistors. Ezi semiconductors ke alternating electron kunye umngxuma Uhanjiso.

Le transistor vuvabyi iye ezinjengeetheminali ezintathu. Le base umfowunelwa, eshiya umaleko iziko, kunye electrode ezimbini emiphethweni - emitter kunye nombuthi. Xa kuthelekiswa la electrode ezimbini kakhulu isiseko layer ibhityile kakhulu. Kunye kungqameko kummandla transistor le semiconductor ayikho macala. umaleko semiconductor elahliweyo kwicala sokuqokelela le nokusebenza ngokuchanekileyo esi sixhobo kufuneka sivumele kancinane, kodwa yatyeba xa kuthelekiswa ecaleni emitter.

siseko ukusebenza transistor zisekelwe iinkqubo ngokwasemzimbeni. Makhe ukusebenza kunye PNP modeli. model NPN uya kusebenza efanayo ngaphandle ezichaseneyo le ombane phakathi izinto ezisisiseko ezifana umqokeleli kunye emitter. Kuya kuba kwicala elahlukileyo.

Ukusetyenziswa P-uhlobo iqulathe umngxuma okanye ion kakuhle ityala. N-uhlobo kweziyobisi akhiwa elektroni kakubi ityala. Xa inani lethu transistor le mingxuma kummandla F inkulu kakhulu kunenani elektroni kwi N.

Xa uqhagamshela umthombo wamandla ombane phakathi iindawo ezifana emitter kunye umqokeleli imigaqo yokusebenza transistor isekelwe kwinto yokuba le mingxuma ninomdla kwipali ukuba ikhe kufutshane emitter. Kodwa ke ngoku ukuya. Intsimi yombane ukusuka umthombo wamandla ombane alifikeleli sokuqokelela kuba shinyi ezikroziswayo semiconductor emitter kunye umaleko isiseko semiconductor.
Emva koko ukudibanisa umthombo wamandla ombane ukuhlanganiswa ezahlukeneyo izinto, ezizezi isiseko kunye emitter. Ngoku imingxuma ithunyelwa ledatha yaye baqalise ukuba basebenzisane electron. Inxalenye engundoqo wenqwelwana Igcwele ezinemingxuma. Ngenxa yoko a imisinga ezimbini. Big - ukusuka emitter ukuya umqokeleli, amancinci - ukusuka kwisiseko ukuya emitter.

Ngenxa ukwanda ombane kule database kule nwebu N iya kuba imingxuma nangakumbi, ukwandisa isiseko ngoku, lo emitter okhoyo ngoku uya kwandisa kancinane. Oku kuthetha ukuba kukho utshintsho encinane kwisiseko lwangoku kakhulu ngokwaneleyo ziyanyuswa emitter yangoku. Isiphumo umqondiso lokukhula a transistor vuvabyi.

Cinga ngemigaqo transistor kuxhomekeka imo yokusebenza. Ukwahlula imo eqhelekileyo esebenzayo, imo esebenzayo inguqu, Ukwanda, imo umda.
Kwimo esebenzayo, okuhlangana emitter ivulwa kwaye ivalwe nombuthi kuhlangana. Kwimo inversion, yonke into eyenzekayo phezu koko.