Karhulumente Federal - yintoni na le nto?

A state federal - liqumrhu ezintsonkothileyo yezopolitiko-yezolawulo, nto leyo eye kumafa kwalo ezikhoyo indawo. Le yokugqibela abe negunya lomthetho ngokubanzi ngokwaneleyo de ulongamo, kufutshane kurhulumente.

Ezi mpawu zixhaphakileyo lukarhulumente federal :

1. Indawo, umfelandawonye yahlulahlulwe ngamaziko azimeleyo: ithi, cantons, umhlaba, kwiRiphabliki, njalo-njalo.
2. amaqumrhu Izwe banamalungelo wenze imithetho yabo,-siseko, sinokuba imizimba yabo mthetho, eyenkundla yesigqeba.
3. Nangona kunjalo, lo elongamileyo mthetho, eyenkundla igunya lolawulo ngokunxulumene lonke eli lizwe bobabo abasemagunyeni federal. Ubuchule phakathi izifundo Federation kunye neziko yayo kwimeko nganye emida yi-Federal siseko.
4. Uninzi States Federal nayo ubumi Union ngabemi kwizifundo federal.
5. Umgaqo-nkqubo ephambili amazwe imizimba union lonke kuphela kuba ngokusesikweni ukumela ilizwe kwinqanaba lehlabathi.
6. Ubume federal yomthetho, njengoko umthetho, uye ipalamente bicameral. Omnye iziNdlu zePalamente ndawonye kubameli kwimimandla eli lizwe.

Kwiintlobo ngeentlobo umbuso federal

Kukho ezahlukeneyo ezininzi kumaqumrhu ezopolitiko kunye yolawulo. Umzekelo, ngokumalunga nenkqubo-siseko kunye neyomthetho, kukho umanyano macala nezingafaniyo. karhulumente federal macala - imeko apho onke amaziko sayo sobummandla umsebenzi ofanayo nenqanaba ngokomGaqo-siseko kunye nomthetho. Ngokomzekelo, eUnited States, apho onke amazwe kweli ngqiqo bayalingana. Kwelinye icala, izifundo umanyano yezi ungahluka amandla abo. Ezi meko zinje e-Brazil kunye ne-India.

Phakathi kwezinye izinto, lo mfelandawonye ekuqaleni ingaqwalaselwa ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukeneyo. Yaye ngokuxhomekeke kwezi meko zembali akhiwa iintlobo-ntlobo zilandelayo:

• karhulumente Territorial federal. Yiyo leyo karhulumente, sisiseko ngokwahlulwa olawulo wabeka isiseko onombono okuyo. Ezinjalo, umzekelo, eUnited States Germany.
• iimanyano yeSizwe - ngokwaso unobangela ukungcola yenarha kumaqumrhu yolawulo isendleleni multi-nobuhlanga. Kwaye ngoko ngokwahlula ummandla kufuneka athathele factor compact akhawunti abantu '. Enyanisweni, lo mgaqo bubonakala kubume yase Russia.
• Mixed.

Njengoko unendlela iyilwe nguye nga thethwana kwaye siseko. evela kumazwe ezincinane, ngaphambili elizimeleyo Ukuba kuvela ikhontrakthi ukusombulula iingxaki eziqhelekileyo: ukhuseleko, umsebenzi esebenzayo kwezoqoqosho, njalo njalo, urhulumente siseko federal - ntonje kwimo yangaphambili qela liphikisayo, kwi ethile kwisigaba yembali, aguqulwa abe kwisahlulo yayo yolawulo indawo.