Kololiwe Museum, eSt Petersburg: inkcazelo, imbali, olunomdla kunye nohlaziyo

Le myuziyam ke kuphela ayiphelelanga zobugcisa. Kulondolozwe ilifa lemveli kunye nembali kolu shishino, imvelaphi lweendawo ezinkulu, uya kwenza ilizwe omnye kakhulu ehlabathini, kanye njengoko umsebenzi amagumbi myuziyam kunye nezibonelelo zokugcina. History of indalo, ukwakheka, ukuphuhliswa zikaloliwe kwilizwe lethu yaqala kwiinkulungwane ezimbini ezidluleyo. Njengokuba kwakunjalo, ofana ubuchule yokuqala, iibhulorho, yaye yintoni izixhobo, wathi Railways Museum eSt Petersburg.

exposure lokuqala

Central Museum of Railway Transport of the Russian Federation eSt Petersburg ngomhla Sadovaya Street yenye iimyuziyam midala lunikezelwa wokulondoloza imbali ingcamango zenzululwazi. indalo yayo siqu uMlawuli Alexander I, ngokukhupha le Manifesto efanelekileyo. Ithi ukuba Institute ezisekiweyo Corps zenjineli kwi Yusupov Palace, apho bahlale ebalulekileyo eRashiya kunye namanye amazwe kumatshini kunye nolwakhiwo. Imifuziselo okokuqala ngo 1813. Kwinkcazelo yayimi kumagumbi ezintandathu apho imiboniso eqokelelwe ngokusekelwe ubandakanyeka sphere ethile. Kwakhona kwi yokugcina lwamaxwebhu ongenayo ulwakhiwo, ubeko kwendlela, izakhiwo kunye kwo.

Ngowe-1823, i-Institute kunye Museum sikaloliwe batshintshelwa Moskovsky Ithemba. Wexwebhu kunye exposure wazuza ukufikelela bonke abasebenzi kaloliwe, ukuba lotyelelo zoluntu jikelele ziye kuvulwa ukususela ngo1862. Lenkongozelo rhoqo kuchuma mna, le mithombo iphambili le mibutho, ulungiselelo kunye abemi ochaphazelekayo.

Museum ogama emva uNicholas I

Kwi unyaka we-100 wokuzalwa Tsar Nicholas I, wenze okuninzi kuphuhliso lwezibonelelo kaloliwe eRashiya, kwagqitywa ekubeni yokuseka i-Arhente eSt Petersburg Museum, wamnika igama soMhlekazi. Isikali kwegama kunye nenani imiboniso ezinokwenzeka kufuna indawo enkulu. Ukwakhiwa yaqala kwesakhiwo entsha kumazwe zikarhulumente egadini Yusupov ukuze kwemi yalo ejongene Sadovaya Street. Ngaphandle izinto ezinxulumene ishishini sikaloliwe, imyuziyam entsha kwathunyelwa imiba Russian Transport ingcaciso Amanzi, bathatha inxaxheba Paris World i-Fair (1901). Ilifa lale mboniso kwaye kunokubonwa namhlanje imyuziyam, ezifana ungumzekelo "Plaisir kwezikhephe" uPetros Mna, icebreaker "izimvu", iibrorho njalo njalo.

Railways New Museum yavulwa ngo-1902, yaye ngo-1904 iphiko enemigangatho emibini yayakhelwe ukubonisa kwinkcazelo esisityebi. Oku wahambisa rarities omkhulu: Boat of Peter I, yaye isikhephe uMlawuli Alexander II, amalaphu anomyalezo ye nomkhosi kaloliwe. Iphiko yesibini yakhiwa ngo-1909 kwaye watshintshelwa kwiziko lolondolozo lwembali, ngelo xesha iminyaka engamakhulu omnye.

Ithuba Soviet

INguqu kunye War Civil phantse wayitshabalalisa yonke mali lolondolozo lwembali, kuphela imigudu abathanda obulawulwayo ukukugcina phantse bonke. Yena waqala ukusebenza ngowe-1924, lo mboniso yayiquka amagumbi amahlanu, leyo eskena ngokusebenzisa amanqanaba yembali kuphuhliso zothutho.

Ngo-1934, izilingo iiyunithi ezili-11 843 yokugcina kwi-mali ngenxa yimyuziyam. Ngeli thuba Railways Museum wazisa ukusebenza amasebe yentlangano, imiboniso abahambahambayo.

IMfazwe Enkulu Patriotic kuye kwabangela umonakalo omkhulu ekwakhiweni myuziyam, yonke imiboniso babalekiswa ku naseNovosibirsk. amagumbi iXesha ekuPhulukwene kunye nomsebenzi baziswa omtsha waqalisa emva kokususwa yaye kuvalwe ngo-1944. Imigudu kubasebenzi umboniso yokuqala lavulwa ehlotyeni ka-1948, oko waququzelela Usuku kaloliwe kwi kwindawo Central Park.

Status of the Central Museum wayekulungele ngo-1987, nto leyo kwavula amathuba ezinkulu yokuqokelela ulwazi wemvula. Ngelo xesha Railways izindlu imyuziyam langoku ngaphezu kwama-60 lamawaka izinto, nto leyo ibandakanya amaxwebhu, lithographs, imizobo, Ubeko, imifuziselo, yaye malunga amahlanu kwezi zikaloliwe.

eyayichaza

Kololiwe Museum (St. Petersburg) simeme ubone ezicwangciswe kwiiholo ezisithoba:

• Hall №1: «Ukuzalwa iziporo eRashiya". Neenqwelwana uthethe zikaloliwe kweli lizwe nakwihlabathi yokuqala. Qhuba ungabona imifuziselo komzila wenethiwekhi yokuqala, ukuhlola ubuzaza ingaphakathi phecana yokuqala. Ngoko nangoko wabonisa imodeli yokuqala kaloliwe ngomphunga.
• Hall №2: «Bridge Engineering". Ngomhla izixhaso eholweni uyakwazi ukunandipha iintlobo buchopho kakhulu oluntu kwicandelo lokwakha kwebhulorho ngenxa Railways. I Museum linikezela ngokutsha imizekelo ejingayo, single-umkhondo, ufakelo lwesamente, umqadi kunye nezinye izakhiwo ezininzi kwo.
• Hall №3: «Rolling Stock". Iiholo mboniso na imifanekiso, imifuziselo le zikaloliwe zomphunga yokuqala kunye neenqwelo. Ubeka iiseti lithembekile, inika ikhonknco Railways. Le myuziyam igcina amaxwebhu ephathelele eli xesha, nto leyo inokufunyanwa iifestile.
• Hall №4: «zomzila kwi Enkulu Patriotic War ka 1941-1945".. Iziko eli gumbi diorama esixakekileyo, ebonisa kuvuselelwa isikhululo zonakale. Kwakhona thaca imizekelo koololiwe vehicles esebenzayo ngexesha leMfazwe Civil and Enkulu Patriotic War.
• Hall №5: «Building kunye indlela oomatshini". Iholo liveza imifuziselo zembali nowangoku izithuthi ezilungiselelwe ukwakhiwa kwendlela.
• Zal№6. "Isakhiwo idolo imishini." Layout kubalulekile imvelaphi yazo nembali. Kololiwe Museum uyigcina 1935, kwase isikhululo Krasny Liman (IDonetsk kaloliwe). Kukho kwakhona imodeli zomsebenzi zokushenxisela kaloliwe.
• Zal№7 "kaloliwe." Enye avuleke umdla. Eli gumbi a iinjini ubungakanani opheleleyo. kunokwenzeka ukuba ukulandela indlela yomatshini umzobo ukusebenzisa umatshini. Ukongeza, ukuba ababonise ingqokelela eninzi iifoto zembali.
• Zal№8 "Railroad imoto". Apha, nasekusungulweni loo nqwelo, ukusuka abaninzi zakudala Kwiimeko ezikhethekileyo, ezisetyenziselwa ukuthutha yeoli, utywala, intlanzi ephilayo, njl uphuhliso lwakutsha nje iinjineli Russian intshukumo-high speed, ame eholweni.
• Hall №9: «Umbutho koololiwe". Kololiwe Museum ke sithumela ndlela ukusuka izitishi kwiinkqubo entsonkothileyo khompyutha namhlanje yokuqala. Kukho imvelaphi enkulu-isikali mbumbulu-up (43 eemitha ubude), nto leyo evumela ukuba baqonde ezichaphazela zenkonzo dispatch iquka izitishi ezine, umbane.

stock exchange

Kwisikhululo, "Swan Lake" Oktyabrskaya Railway, Railways Museum walungelelanisa indawo mboniso eya kubangela umdla abantu abadala kunye nabantwana. Lokuqokelelelwa imiboniso 50 abamele zikaloliwe wokwenene. Ezinye zazo ezikhethekileyo yaye bangamalungu kwiminyaka ezahlukeneyo imveliso, kukho zikaloliwe ka-1913 zikaloliwe ngo-1944 kunye nabanye. zikaloliwe Icandelo egcinwe kwindawo mboniso isikhululo Riga (MSC uloliwe) kwaye kwisiza kwe Warsaw Station (uOCT. Train).

reviews

Uhlaziya abatyeleli Museum Railways eSt Petersburg ngenxa becala ngomdla, ingakumbi xa upopu wenza i uhambo kunye nabantwana. Abantu abadala bathi inani elikhulu kwezi zikaloliwe, zikaloliwe, models zokusebenza. ratings Positive waya guides, iintetho luncedo malunga umboniso ngamnye kule myuziyam. Abatyeleli waphawula ukuba umzimba ukwazi iye kwakhona kakhulu.

ezingakhiyo zibhekisela inani elincinane izinto ezinokuthi kubonakala ngaphakathi. Omama nabantwana besikolo kunye nobudala uthole bakhalazela ukuba ukhuphuke izinto ezinkulu kunzima.

Kodwa umbono jikelele HIV, phantse bonke bacetyiswa ukuba kudlula, kwaye ukuza kubona yonke into ngokwakho, kamsinya nje ezamahala ixesha. Museum Railways, Idilesi: Garden Street, Building inombolo 50 (isikhululo metro "Spasskaya", "Ukulima", "ummandla Hay."). . Amatikiti weendleko engange 300 evekini, ngeempela-veki - 400 engange. Ngokuba abantwana, abafundi kunye abaphezulu abemi izaphulelo.