SPHINX e Saint-Petersburg: Isishwankathelo, incazelo, indawo

Ubuhle kunye nobukhulu eso sixeko Neve bayinqule ngabakhenkethi ezivela ehlabathini lonke. yomhombiso wakhe bokwakha kakuhle zincedise le mifanekiso iqingqiweyo ezininzi zezilwanyana kunye izidalwa wasentsomini - gryphon, leenewt, sphinxes. Zenziwe metal namatye, imifanekiso yabo wavatha ekungeneleleni kwesakhiwo, ekwehleni ukuya Neva, kudonga olungaphambili lwendlu, izikwere, iipaki kunye kwo. Ingabonwa kumbindi wesixeko kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni.

Sphinxes - ngubani na?

Igama elithi "esinconywayo seSPHINX" livela kwisiGrike kwaye lithetha "umoya yokufa." E Egypt yamandulo ukuba ezazinqulwa njengabantu elumkileyo afakwa nomzimba ingonyama nekratshi intloko zabantu. AmaYiputa ngokufuthi wabanika umfanekiso ufana ooFaro. Sphinxes babegqalwa nomntu, engabantu.

EGrisi, zazifana sisidalwa wasentsomini ezinamaphiko kunye nomzimba (okanye inja) intloko yabafazi wengonyama kunye nesifuba. E-Afrika, i-SPHINX yayigqalwa Old World inkawu yentsapho neemfene. Ukuba unomdla, apho sibekwe sphinxes e St. Petersburg, ngoko kufuneka ufunde eli nqaku. Kuyo, sichaza njani ezi zidalwa ezingaqhelekanga kakhulu kwilizwe lethu.

SPHINX e Saint-Petersburg

Imbonakalo ezi eqingqiweyo esixekweni unembali ende. Ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XIX eYurophu lafika fashion for yonke ngasempumalanga, yaye ke, oko kwabuchaphazela kobugcisa bokwakha.

St. Petersburg, wayexakekile. Esi sixeko wabonakala Bridge zaseYiputa e Pavlovsk - yokulinda zaseYiputa, akukho nokuba kukho iphiramidi engumYiputa Tsarskoye Selo. Ngowe-1834, le sphinxes wabonakala phezu mkhumbi St. Petersburg, nabo bonke enkosi kwimisebenzi A. N. Muraveva. Ngexesha lotyelelo lwakhe kwiindawo ezingcwele, kwenzeka ukubona eqingqiweyo umdla wabaza ayithengiswa. izidalwa simangalisayo ubuso babantu kunye nomzimba wengonyama, bambulala. Yena ngoko nangoko wathumela incwadi unozakuzaku Russian, apho awayibingelelayo kusithenga Petersburg. Ukuba yokufumana yayigqalwa ezingafanelekanga, yaye emva ukusombulula zonke iingxaki ngokwemimiselo umniniyo eliNgesi wathengisa ku France.

Kamva, ngokunxulumene kokuqhambuka revolution kweli lizwe, i-French wavuma ukuba athengise eRussia imikrolo. Namhlanje SPHINX eSt Petersburg yenye ngeesimboli eziphambili kunye ezaziwa kakhulu kuwo umzi.

University eweni

SPHINX umYiputa eSt Petersburg wabonakala ngo-1832. Ekuqaleni baba kwiminyaka emibini kwintendelezo Academy of Arts. Nantso indlela ixesha ngayo wathabatha ukuba ukwakhiwa pier kwi neendonga zaso. indawo yayo asisigxina Umfanekiso chibi ukusetyenziswa ngo-1834.

SPHINX nganye ibekwe apha kunokuba ukuguga - zimalunga nesi-3.5 amawaka eminyaka. imikrolo, zaba nemikrolo syenite. Ngaphambi kokuya ku ngamatye St. Petersburg izidalwa wasentsomini ezaziwugadile loo myezo ukuya kwitempile eYiputa. Iintloko sphinxes - umfanekiso umzobo kaFaro Amenhotep, ngubani inganga zizikumkani ezibini - Lower kunye Upper Egypt.

Ngokuhamba sphinxes ixesha elilahlekileyo isibheno zayo ngcembe batshatyalaliswe. Kule imifanekiso babethwa namaChin baba amabala amnyama umboniso phezu komhlaba. Iingcali baqala ukuthetha malunga ngemfuneko ukubuyiselwa engxamisekileyo.

Ebutsheni bowe-2002, kwaqalisa umsebenzi ngenyameko siyambonga kwi ekubuyiselweni ezi eqingqiweyo amandulo. Ngokuthe ngcembe oko yaqala ukubuyela ubuhle wexesha lakudala, nondiliseko fomu. Ukusuka phantsi zoleko eminyaka ubudala yokungcola bema ngaphandle eyayimela wazikrola esifubeni naphakathi ngamathupha azo ngaphambili. Amanzi okanye ngezikafu enemigca sentsimbi, namaso glittered esifubeni sakhe emva kokuba unyango wokucoca. Kwakubonakala ukuba ngexesha wokubuyiselwa isebenza Sphynx mfiliba phambi lobomi.

Ngezi manani ezinxulumene eninzi umdla, iziganeko maxa wambi twisisaka. Abahlali dolophu bathi ngexesha mini SPHINX e Saint-Petersburg (kwi chibi) bangatshintsha ubuso bakhe. Zolani kunye ngoxolo kusasa kwaye kubonakala ebika - ngokuhlwa.

Zingaphi sphinxes eSt Petersburg

Alithandabuzeki elokuba, imifanekiso kakhulu akhiwe kwi-University eweni. Ukongezelela, - "abantu bomthonyama" laseYiputa. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ezinye Sphinxes e Saint Petersburg. Baphi aba imifanekiso ezimangalisayo? E St. Petersburg, eninzi kubo. Bona zibekwe kwi emasangweni lwezakhiwo, iibhulorho, kudonga olungaphambili lwendlu, ezipakini nezikwere. Inani ngqo awaziwa yi mntu.

I imifanekiso yokuqala zenziwa ngenxa Stroganov dacha. Ngowe-1796, oko efakwe izithombe ezimbini eyenziwe emarmore pink, yaye ngowe-1908 bafudukela kwintendelezo Stroganov Palace, apho ibekwe phezu Nevsky Prospekt, 17. La manani ubuso amabhinqa kunye neentloko zawo entwined nezikhafu kunye eziphelweni ugeleza. Headscarf, isithsaba okanye yomqala zizinto ezingcwele amandla.

Ekupheleni kwale sphinxes ngenkulungwane XVIII wabonakala phezu Sverdlovskaya eweni, kodwa ke wanyamalala. Udala nabo ngamahlanu ngasekupheleni kwenkulungwane XX. Sculpture eyenziwe lenyengane hina. A umatshini ngensimbi lwabo Sphynxes Stroganovsky Palace. Kodwa akukho zonke eqingqiweyo. Makhe hamba ujikeleze isixeko ubone apho enye "kuhlala", ezi zidalwa eyimfihlakalo.

Kiev omkhulu

Kwicala entla kwentaba Pulkovo (e Kiev emendweni) uyakwazi ukubona emthonjeni, leyo yakhiwa ngo-1809. umbhali yale projekthi ibalelwa kwizigidi ezi wezakhiwo Tom de Thomon. Ngokutsho kwiimbombo zone SPHINX ezine efakiweyo.

ibhulorho Egyptian

Ibhulorho yamandulo kunye sphinxes eSt Petersburg waziwa kakuhle zabemi. Ngowe-1826 ukuba ifakelwe, izithombe zentsimbi kuyiphosa inxenye izidalwa eyimfihlakalo ukusebenza P. P. Sokolova.

Umdla loo ngongoma: nangona Bridge umYiputa "unogada" sphinxes, abanako kuthiwe baseYiputa, kuba phezu kweenxweme eqingqiweyo yomNayile izidalwa oqingqiweyo nabantu abangamadoda. Kwakhona Amanani Sokolova kuba inkangeleko umfazi, ngoko ke kufana emifanekisweni zamaGrike.

Stone Island ibhulorho

Enye ibhulorho ezaziwayo-kakuhle esixekweni. Sphinxes e St. Petersburg, njengoko sele kuchaziwe, ivame yi emlanjeni. La manani zophondo eli chibi kwi Kamennoostrovsky ibhulorho kwi Little Nevka. Ezi iikopi ngqo eqingqiweyo, ibekwe kwi Bridge umYiputa. Bona bokwenziwa njenge kwetyala, uze emva koko nje aphoswe eyadini indlu. Ngandlela sinethuba safumanisa umfanekiso-1971 yaye waleka phezu kwabo eweni Malaya Neva. Nangona kunjalo, olu vavanyo eqingqiweyo ukubandezeleka akazange iphela khona; emva konogumbe (1975), bathi phantse wangcwatywa ngokupheleleyo emanzini, yaye kamva kuwo ngaphezu kwakanye ihlanjelwe yi abonakalisi beprophathi, nokuba ukukrazule isithsaba womnye kubo. Sphinxes zifuna ukubuyiselwa engxamisekileyo.

Imisebenzi ezonakeleyo yobugcisa babuyiselwa ngo-2005 kwaye ifakwe phambi Mostotrest. Ngeendleko inkampani, ngasendleleni, baza bathwalwa umsebenzi wokulungisa. Ngaphandle kwento yokuba wokukora eqingqiweyo umbutho aba ukhuseleko ngokupheleleyo, ngo-2010 babuyela kuloo ndawo zembali - Minor Nevku. Ezi eqingqiweyo ezikhethekileyo ngenxa yokuba kuphando kuphela (lokusinda), owenza wezakhiwo enkulu P. Sokolov.

Le ntaba Institute

Le SPHINX kakhulu yokuqala eSt Petersburg wabonakala ngo-1826 kwi entendelezweni Institute Mining kwi Vasilyevsky Island. Phakathi uhlaza kukho sculpture amancinci omnyama intloko yomfazi kunye nabantu ngokumangalisayo ezichazayo nolungileyo ezimbini. umsebenzi nomkroli Alexander Postnikov Le nto.

Robespierre

Abantu bemveli kwengqukuva osemantla waziwa kakuhle ukuba SPHINX eSt Petersburg - hayi lwepaki. Bathi bemnandi, esetyenziswa kubo ... Sekunjalo, iminyaka emininzi, baye ayivathise ezitratweni zomzi! Kodwa asinguye wonke umntu uyazi ukuba ezi zidalwa wasentsomini kuvela eSt Petersburg ngexesha lethu. Ezi imifanekiso kunabo abo zithe zafakelwa 1995 kwi Robespierre - kwinkumbulo amaxhoba zocindezelo kwezopolitiko.

imifanekiso ezimbini zobhedu ibekwe phezu Nyengane ukuze bejamelene iprofayili zisaqhubeka ikhaya yokuhlala, nakubo entolongweni "iminqamlezo" - moth ukakayi. Ngokukhwela kwinqwanqwa ziye zaba nemikrolo umgca imisebenzi adumileyo Vladimir Vysotsky noAlesandire Solzhenitsyn, Marina Tsvetaeva kunye nabanye. St. Petersburg bakholelwa ukuba sihlandlo ngasinye kwezi SPHINX e Saint-Petersburg (on Robespierre) sikweni kunceda walahlwa ekhaya ngokukhawuleza.