Le artist uKarl Bryullov: engobomi, ubomi yakho, umsebenzi

Karl Pavlovich Bryullov (1799 - 1852) - Velikiy uKarl - oko ngexesha lokudla kwakhe ubomi ngokuba abantu bomhla ngumzobi ngayo. igama lakhe ngebande elinye kunye amagama lo mfanekiso ngabapeyinti ilungileyo eFlanders. Ke * uKhesare Nicholas Ndafika ukuba sibe nokwazisa ezifana ukusuka kwenye imisebenzi yakhe, nto leyo wamnika umsesane kunye nekalikedo.

iingcambu French

amagcisa Umsebenzi Bryullo ntsapho ilifa: ukhokho wakhe, Umkhulu noyise - konke kumasifundisane yayiquka amagcisa. Bawo, academician njingalwazi, yaba utitshala lokuqala abantwana babo. UMama ngomzobi elizayo igama lakhe lobuntombi Schröder, ndiphuma kusapho Russified waseJamani.

Iminyaka zokufunda (1809 - 1821)

Iminyaka elishumi, wafunda i Academy uKarl Bryullov. Biography ngaye kule minyaka, ngenxa italente elikhethekileyo isifundo ikhaya kakhulu, waba ngaphezu kakuhle; wema phakathi nabo. Imfundo esekelwe phezu kwemimiselo classicism. Ulandelelwano lwezifundo, ngoku yalahleka, akazange azanyazanyiswe. Ngokuzoba onobuhle bafika emva uthotho izigaba elide uqeqesho: khuphela originals (kusekho lifes kunye nokwenziwa figure), ecaphula likhanyisa udaka, ngoko - mannequins kusongelwe "abantu".

UKarl rhoqo ehamba phambi koontanga babo. Lo mfana ngokwenene classicism omthandayo, apho subordinated imilinganiselo yokwenene, apho kwakungekho ndawo iziphithiphithi kunye hlabathi lixakekileyo. Kodwa ke ubomi ukuze iinkanuko zayo zezopolitiko ubuhle bendalo ephilayo abahlala kuye ahlasela ihlabathi i idealist. Yaye kuqala umboniso yakhe "Narcissus" (1819) wemka waya sikhokelo kwemiqathango emiselwe yi-Academy. Yaye umfanekiso ukhuphiswano ayenzileyo uthobele yonke imithetho yecawa, Bryullov wafumana imbasa yegolide.

Uhambo ku Italy

Kutshanje wadala Society ngenxa Ukhuthazo of Amagcisa uthumela abazalwana ababini, Charles noAlesandire, eRoma. Nantsi umzobo Aleksandra Bryullova ngaloo minyaka. Wayengenguye nje entle, kodwa ikhono ngakumbi ukugwala bokwakha. E St. Petersburg, wakha isakhiwo le Pulkovo Observatory nangaphaya. Olu tyelelo kwilizwe lonke emoyeni okroqiweyo art kunye nobuhle yokuqala, baya kuhamba phantsi abazalwana umphefumlo. Ngeli xesha, ukusonjululwa * uKhesare Russified igama labo yaye ngoku liba Bryullo kunye Umzobo. Okwangoku, endleleni, uKarl Bryullov, imbali enika kuye intlanganiso art Gothic, kunye nemisebenzi titian, uyamangaliswa yaye bayazithanda kubo. Kodwa ngokuthe ngcembe ingcamango romanticism, ngalo Russian ayikenziwa kwaziwa, baqale sikhathazeke ngayo.

Florence kunye ekugqibeleni eRoma ngokothuka ngokupheleleyo yaye ude uthinjwe umzobi abaselula. Ngaphezu kwako konke, yena bayinqule Raphael kunye noLeonardo, kodwa uthi yombhodamo kweli lizwe. Savuthwa umzabalazo wenkululeko. Inkululeko - nantso into etsala bonke abantu belo lizwe. Nam umfanekiso omnye ngeli xesha Bryullov nako ukugqiba - entloko swi abanakwanela inkqubo eluqilima konke oko akubonayo. Kodwa yenza portraits malunga 120. Yonke imifuziselo zakhe, ngaphandle kokukhetha, ezintle. Umzekelo, i "Umfanekiso EP Oonyana Gagarina Eugene, ULeo kunye Tiyofilo "(1824). Sele kulo msebenzi ekuqaleni kunokubonwa kunye brilliant colorist isipho kunye nobuchule, nto leyo wamnika Academy. Oku lamakholwane umzobo usapho entsapho ngayo umzobi wayengumhlobo, ngoko nangoko ebangela ubani uvelwano. Ngexesha le minyaka, waba opeyintayo edumileyo, ukufumana imiyalelo ezininzi, uKarl Bryullov, ogama engobomi yenza ijika entsha, waphula kunye Society ngenxa Ukhuthazo lamagcisa waza waqalisa ukubhala self-isifundo. Akanalo ukukhetha ixesha, yena uyakwazi ukwenza imveliso entsha ungathengisi ngayo. Ubuciko inkululeko.

abonakale Formal (1832)

Le iqabane portrait-ukupeyinta, ebonisa Giovannini kunye Amatsiliyu Pachchini. Le yaziwa ngokuba womzobo "Rider". AmaTaliyane nangoko waqalisa ukuthetha malunga opeyintayo oselula Russian. abahlalutyi nomdlandla Italian ziye ubufanasini zefilimu zonke - virtuosity apho kubhaliwe kwathiwa, mbala ubuncwane natyebileyo. Kokubetha ngobabalo yendalo kweentshukumo yaye babesima, imfezeko zeplastiki. Kwakholwa ke ukuba kumzobo "Rider" kumakishwa buchopho. iipateni Movement ihashe elikhawulezayo elimnyama, kodwa imibulelo elungeleleneyo kwaye kasabatha isakhiwo compositional. Figure Giovannini, ngokuzithemba abahleli sidesaddle, eyona njongo wegcisa lowo uyotywe okumangalisayo sasebukhosini, ukukwazi ukumelana ihashe restive ukwazi ukuba ukufumana phezu kwayo emva yokuhamba aze avuke ngemilenze yayo yangasemva. ihashe satin Unomyayi ngokwemodeli air isondo emhlophe anoboya, nto leyo ibeka phantsi pleats ezintle, nokuchasanisa. iimpahla Gentle kunye nesibindi umbala Giovannini kunye Amalitsii leyo balcony uncoma idibana rider bendawo.

Ihlabathi liphela intle phantsi master brush. Little Amalitsiya yenzelwe ukuba le nokuzeyisa kwaye kwehlise udade ihashe. Amalitsiya ujonge Amazon zobungangamela bekholosile, ububele, bethe manga. izinja ezimbini ezincinane kwakhona wadibana umkhweli intombi ethandekayo. On shaggy ikhola doggie kunye nombhalo "Samoilova", ebhalwe Latin. -ngenxa yolutsha, uthando nesibindi kunye nokuzithemba sibona kulo mfanekiso. Akunakwenzeka ukuba ukubeka ecaleni umzobo zakazschitsy Y. Samoilova, ebelisoloko waphefumlela ngumzobi. Yena iyamangalisa kwaye ufanelwe ludumo Bryullova lwezakhono aphezulu.

picture zembali

Ngaxeshanye kunye nokudalwa incwadi enemifanekiso, watercolors, ubume ezincinane Italian Bryullov uKarl, ogama imisebenzi ukudibanisa izinto zakudala, yobuciko kunye ngokoqobo, wathabatha ngo-1827 enkulu, grand ukupeyinta zembali kunye 1830 baqalise ukuphumeza kuyo. Inyaniso kukuba, igcisa watyelela zombiwe ePompeii. Yena Kwandikhwankqisa kangangoko ukuba iintsalela esixeko samandulo zombini. KaPompeii uyaphila, kungekho abathengisi kuphela ezivenkileni, abantu abajikajika ishishini labo ezitratweni, niphumle ekhaya okanye uhlale pubs.

Ingcamango womzobo "Imihla Yokugqibela sePompeii" Bryullov Karl baqulunqa iminyaka emithathu. Ngeli xesha ke wafunda ezininzi iincwadi amangqina. Umtsalane Romanticism, leyo ngoku zazizaliswe umzobi, ukuthembeka babefuna. Thile kuyo yachaphazeleka kunye nobuhlobo umqambi Pachchini, owabhala opera "Imihla Yokugqibela sePompeii." wayiva Bryullov uKarl, yaye naye thaca ukutya sokucinga nomfanekiso- ngqondweni. Ukongeza, yena kunqulwa Raphael waphefumlelwa multi-nembonakalo yakhe ngomfanekiso eVatican. Ezitywiniweyo kwawo abalinganiswa bakhe, isingqisho lombutho intshukumo kunye ezahlukeneyo nezijekulo - kwisikolo Raphael. Noko ke, umbala uya kusebenzisa, lo podcherpnet opeyintayo kwi nokuqhama umbala titian. Ikhupha uhlobo olulodwa amabhinqa - strong, nzima, ndiyazingca yaye intle ngokungaqhelekanga. Ndithelekelele wakhe sisidwangube Samoilova Yu, wabhala izihlandlo ezithathu okubonakala emfanekisweni.

imini yentlekele

Nobukhulu mzuzu sibi okubonakala kwi ngelaphu. Le yokugqibela ezoyikekayo usuku olumnyama-ebomvu. Yaba zonke ngamalangatye omlilo, ukuziqengqa e Ash emnyama, izakhiwo lwaqhaqhazela ukuba ukuwa, ekhala ngenxa yengozi uncedo oxineneyo abantu ukuba oothixo babo akuthunyelwa ukukhusela. Ewe bona oothixo bazo kuwa, abakwazi ukuba ithwalwe ingqumbo komhlaba kunye mlilo olenyayo. Ongaphambili, umama ukuwolana neentombi ezimbini kwaye uyoyika ukubona ukuba ukukhuselwa ndawo ukuba ulinde ixesha elide. oothixo babo inciphisiwe. oonyana sisondele ubawo owalupheleyo, yaye lo mfana siwile isekela umtshakazi. Emva koko ke ihashe ethukile akazange afune ukuphulaphula umgadi yakhe. Yonke into siyahamba lesiphithiphithi. Kuphela ezolile umculi. Ufuna ukuba ukukhumbula ngonaphakade ezi imibala neentshukumo. UMdali - ubungqina, endihleli memory iya kuhlala ekupheleni anegazi ebusuku.

Amanani nje wabaza. Ukanti akukho namnye ukholelwa ukuba lo mathuba zabo lokugqibela sibi. Kodwa oothixo mkhulu kangaka wazibizela oku, phambi eliphezulu siba. Abantu bangasezwa ngendebe ezele nokuphatheka ibithunyelwe. Ubuciko wambu ngendlela ezaziwa iimvakalelo ezifunyanwa ngabantu emfanekisweni. Zonke izithunzi amazwi athethwa artist - oko romanticism ecocekileyo.

Impumelelo Italy sasisikhulu ngokungaqhelekanga. Kodwa Paris akazange siqonde lo msebenzi, kodwa Russia wadibana imibala eziphaphazelayo kulo mfanekiso. Yenza no Pushkin kunye E. Baratynsky. Gogol, Zhukovsky, Lermontov, Belinsky, Kiichelbecker - konke kakhulu siqonde lo msebenzi. Yaye mboniso waya ebantwini - baloo dolophu, amagcisa, iingcibi, abarhwebi. Ke * uKhesare Nicholas I phezu abaphulaphuli buqu, ukuba kubanjwa kamva, ngumzobi entloko isithsaba ngowakhe enesidanga.

Amazing

Emva kokudala Imizobo elikhulu isicelo loMlawuli Nicholas mna, umzobi uKarl Bryullov, ukuya Greece, Konstantinopl kunye eMoscow, wabuyela eSt Petersburg. Kodwa indlela waye wagula, kwaye ukubuya yayitsala phantse iminyaka emithathu. Indlela artist wasebenza. Ngoko ke ndabhala umfanekiso 1835 of nosekela-Admiral VA Kornilov, uTshawe nekamva iCrimea War. Bryullov wakwazi ukuba uzive uhlobo models yabo. Ngoku ngethuku lemvelo bekhethe loo mntu ubalulekileyo. Kunjalo, eMoscow yena 1835. Apho wenza abazana naye siqu AS Pushkin and V. Tropinin, portraitist yethu ebalaseleyo, aphuma inqaba. neyamagcisa amabini kakhulu omnye ngeetalente kunye nabahlobo olomeleleyo.

E St. Petersburg (1836 - 1849)

Ngeli xesha ke afundiswe Academy babhala eni ezininzi. Siyazi ukuba isebenza NV Woonopopi, VA Zhukovsky, IA Krylov - bonke abantu ababephila Karla Bryullova. zabo umculi ubhala. zemifanekiso for "USvetlana" VA Zhukovsky. Imizobo ezinkulu zembali musa ukwenza ngakumbi Bryullov uKarl. Umsebenzi kunye nokuzuza ngexesha lokugqibela lobomi bubuxoki kwinkalo imifanekiso. Nestor Kukolnik - umntu lowo ubethandwa umzobi kwaye ingqalelo kuyo umhlobo osenyongweni, nkqu lo mfanekiso akuthethi ukubonisa iimpawu zayo okusemandleni ngokunzulu umzobi aya kuba nako ukujonga kwihlabathi wangaphakathi. imodeli yakhe olukiweyo ephikisanayo kunye ukukhanya. Ubuciko Romantic kudluliselwa Isinikezeli-gqaba ukuthandabuza ukudideka - le zeitgeist. Ubomi-liyavuma iholide Bryullova iphelile. Kulo mfanekiso, siyabona ukuba nzima ukugqithisa ngamazwi, oko buyaphikisana, leyo sizalwa kanye nohlobo woonopopi. Ngoko ke ukuba neentloni, yaye Swagger, yaye ezinye ukugxeka. Le modeli ukhangela ngqo kwi oyibukeleyo, kodwa nani uzimisele phantsi ubunzima kungekho kukhula. Ubomi ocima udonga yakhe. Ubume ezolileyo, kuphela umdlali wenza ikhaliphe ukukhanya obuluqilima kunye nengxabano.

umshado

Ngowe-1838, uKarl Pavlovich Bryullov wadibana yaye kamva ngonyaka watshata Emily Timm. Kwinyanga kamva ubomi odibeneyo amaqabane akunakwenzeka. Kulandelwe iinkqubo mtshato elide. UKarl Bryullov, ogama Ibhayografi kangaka kabukhali lenyuka, kokulahlwa eluntwini. Intuthuzelo kwakhe yokuhlangana Yuliey Samoylovoy, owayevela Italy kwiimeko ezinxulumene ngokwelifa. Kuba yena, wabhala wathi kuye umfanekiso ngokusesikweni. Kwakhona ubona umfazi ofanelekileyo, ufanelwe indawo kwi eqongeni. Karl Pavlovich Bryullov kwakhona ukuvuselela, ucula umntu emangalisayo. Ngamandla ngomoya sisidwangube ubonakala nemihlathi zangaphandle omkhulukazi kwaye draperies, iziqwenga ezininzi otyhidiweyo Samoilova, ebonakala phambi kokuba ababukeli, njenge sculpture elihle ngezinto zakudala. Umzobi kwakhona ubona ubuhle kunye namandla ngokomoya. Kwilizwe azenza Samoilova iwise imaski wabonisa izwe umntu free.

Karl Bryullov: a self-ifoto (1848)

Ukusebenza kwi imizobo of Cathedral St. bakaIsake, apho kusekho phantsi kusakhiwa, Bryullov nezibi. Waba rheumatism, nto leyo kubunzima intliziyo. Waye emiselweyo alale kunye luphumlo olupheleleyo. Unxibelelwano lancipha ubuncinane - oko watyelelwa kuphela ngoogqirha. Kwaye ngoku, wayengumzobi eliqina, kungekudala amahlanu, emva kokugula, xa Otlezhal yedwa ngaphezulu kweenyanga ezintandathu, ekhangele zijonga esipilini kunye ukuphoxeka ekrakra. Lowo ke uswele, ithi ukuma kwakhe ekhululekile, ingalo, apho imithambo equmbile, yima ejingayo. Kodwa ke abanye ayikho apha. Womzobo ngqa ebomini. Iintshiyi kuyehla, creases kunye imibimbi phakathi bonisa umsebenzi exacerbations iingcinga. Utshintsho kwezopolitiko obuchaphazele lizwe, aphoswa, kwaye igcisa, ngaba ucinga ukuba uya endleleni engalunganga. Yena makhulu udiniwe aba bantu isengqiqweni abakratshi. amandla High ngomoya wakhe, yena kuyanyanzeleka ukuba abathobekileyo. Zonke udandatheko kubonakala self-mfanekiso. Wabona esipilini, hayi nje yena, kodwa sonke isizukulwana sakhe.

Creativity Karl Briullov

Iminyaka yokugqibela yobomi bakhe (1849 - 1852) kwiziphakamiso oogqirha Brullov ubambe amazwe. Waza waphathwa kwisiqithi Madeira, waza ke waya eItali. Uhlala ngumhlobo usapho Garibaldi. Ingcamango kumzabalazo wenkululeko wegcisa wathatha up. Wabuya, nangona ngokumka kwentliziyo, umsebenzi omninzi. izimiso Academic kubomi bomntwana. Ngomdla awayenawo bahlasela lizwe, wabonakaliswa umlando Juliette Tittoni, apho siboniswa isikrweqe. Oku Italyanskaya z of Arc.

Le artist uyila gallery eqingqiweyo ekulweni eItali. Ephaphama ukholo ngokwabo kunye namandla awo. Kodwa ukuze nazi ekhululwe ngayo kancinane ixesha. Emva kokuba ehambe umgama omde ukutsala academicism ebutsheni bakhe ngokuya kwi nkolelo omnye yehlabathi ekhwaza elivuyisayo ubuhle, yaye kwiminyaka kamva, besondela ngokoqobo, uKarl Bryullov, ngamafutshane, ekwenzeni ukuba zobugcisa Russian linyuke kakhulu, ingakumbi kummandla imifanekiso, akazange abe nokuzibonakalisa lokudala zabo enokubakho.

Wala ngentliziyo, waza wafa ukomiwa ebusuku. genius Russian wangcwatyelwa eItali, kwidolophu encinane kufuphi eRoma, kumangcwaba zamaProtestanti. Kule 1852, iRussia walahlekelwa VA Zhukovsky, NV Gogol, umfundi best Bryullova fedotov.

Nanini na kunokwenzeka, eli nqaku uchaza imizobo Karla Bryullova. indalo yakhe bethetha nathi ngolwimi eliqaqambileyo lula. Ngenisa hlabathi lidaliweyo yi opeyintayo, kwaye enchant ozithandayo kunye nobuhle, apho bamdumisa inkosi.