Lev Kuleshov: biography kanye photo

Eli nqaku lichaza ngobomi kunye nomsebenzi Lev Kuleshov. Ngexesha lakhe, wakwazi ukufumana screenwriter, utitshala, ugqirha Art History kunye Artist Abantu ngayo eSoviet Union. Ukongezelela koko, wadlala indima ebalulekileyo ekufundeni ingakumbi bhanya kunye nokuhlela ya vutshila.

data esisiseko

Lev Kuleshov waphila ubomi eliqaqambileyo kwaye inemibalabala, izele iziganeko. Ngokuphindaphindiweyo wakhululwa iincwadi ngokuphila, elaziwa phakathi kwabo got "Cinema Art" yaye "Ndaba njani umlawuli," kwakunye inani lwamanqaku kalindixesha "Bulletin e Cinematography", injongo ephambili kwawo ukuze abonise abafundi amava lakhe.

Xa imisebenzi yakhe, Kuleshov waba noluvo lokuba umdlali kwanobuhle bayalingana, yaye kwiimeko ezininzi, le yokugqibela badlala indima okukhulu ngakumbi. Ngenxa yoko, kukho inani elikhulu inkqubo yokudala imovie nkqu ongumlawuli artist. Kungenxa yoko le nto ukuba umlawuli akanawo izakhono ezaneleyo obugcisa, uya kuze ube nako ukudala amathuba emisebenzi efanelekileyo.

Ngokomzekelo, uLwazi uphawula ityala xa jiko iinwele emhlophe phezu isicakazana Bayiphanga yonke umbono abadlali abadlala wokudlala engqongwe yi ubuhle of nengubo emnyama. Wayekholelwa ukuba filimu ezibonakalayo ngokuyintloko, performing arts, ngoko ke umzobi-umlawuli kufuneka badlale indima enkulu ekwenzeni lo mboniso.

Learning

Njengoyise, owafa ngowe-1911, kungekudala Leo waziva ecinga esihle waza waba nomdla kubugcisa entle, kodwa ukuqhubeka ukufunda lwayo lwe Lev Kuleshov nako kuphela emva kwakhe ngowe-1914 kunye nomama wakhe kunye nomntakwabo waya kuhlala eMoscow. Apho, emveni ekuhambeleni studio zobugcisa, wagqiba kwelokuba afunde ukupeyinta kwakunye amagcisa ezinkulu, kwaye uqala ukuthatha izifundo ukusuka wegcisa-utitshala I. F. Smirnova. Ngexesha uqeqesho wakwazi kuphela ukubethelela uthando Leo ukupeyinta lwamandulo, kodwa kwangaxeshanye bafunde ukwahlula umsebenzi obalaseleyo le engahlawulwayo. Kwaba ngengcebiso katitshala Kuleshov ufunde incwadi yakhe yokuqala zokuqhelaniswa kwezopolitiko, ezifana "Capital" Karla Marksa Lenin kunye nemibhalo Plekhanov kaThixo.

Emva kokugqiba uqeqesho ngamnye, wangena School odumileyo eMoscow of Umzobo, apho ngaphambili waqeqesha uyise nje kuphela, kodwa kananjalo imbongi edumileyo Vladimir Mayakovsky, ngubani wabuphelisa kancinane ngaphambili. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba nayo Kuleshov kamva kwasekwa ubuhlobo bokwenene.

usapho

Akukho namnye ekhaya babengenalo nofifi indlela umntu ephawulekayo iya kuba Lev Kuleshov, ubomi lakhe siqu yazala esinobunzima lweziganeko. Wazalwa ngoJanuwari 1st (style endala) 1899 e Tambov. Uyise, uVladimir Sergeyevich, weza evela umkhaya ompofu amanene. Ngaxa lithile, ukungathobeli abazali, uVladimir uza kufunda arts esikolweni efanayo eMoscow, nto leyo eya kuqhubeka ukufunda kunye nonyana wakhe Leo.

Emva kokuphumelela, yena, ngelishwa, akazange akwazi ukuqala umsebenzi kwinkalo yokudweba waza waya kusebenza ngaphezu kwindawo eqhelekileyo kwi Tambov remingtonista ibhunga emhlabeni. Enyanisweni, yena ehlangene kwizithuba ezimbini kwangoko, yaye zombini unobhala kunye oloba. Ngelo xesha linye umnqweno ubuchule kwakhokelela ukuba uqale ukwenza ngexesha mfanekiso sakho ngesandla ezirhuqwa nanceba. Mother Lion Pelagia Alexandrovna babenxiba igama lobuntombi Shubin. ebuntwaneni yena ndayichitha leenkedama, emva kokukhutshwa apho ukuya umtshato wayesebenza ezilalini njengomfundisi. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba umfanekiso wakhe wenza ngelo xesha uyise, nangoku ejinga kwigumbi Lev Kuleshov. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba Kuleshov yaba umzalwana Boris omdala, abasweleke ngexesha Second World War.

amkhanuke theatre

Njengoninzi lwabantu creative, Lev Kuleshov akazange kusinda angathabatheki ngenxa yemidlalo yeqonga.

Njengokuba ungumfundi wegcisa-utitshala I. F. Smirnova, wakwazi ukusebenza ekudalweni ndithanda ukuba omnye izenzo play 'Eugene Onegin "kuba yeqonga Zimin, kodwa ngenxa yomsebenzi ezizimeleyo yeqonga Kuleshov, ayaziwa ngexesha kwizangqa obugcisa, ukuze kungabikho namnye umenyiwe. Yiyo loo nto, nangona yonke imigudu yakhe, iphupha umsebenzi wokubonelwa Baphela imizimba.

umsebenzi Early

Kuleshov Lev Vladimirovich yokuqala adibene kinodeyatelnostyu ngowe-1916, xa wakwazi ukufumana umsebenzi wayengumzobi zokuhombisa zefilimu studio A. Khanzhonkov. Hayi indima yokugqibela edlalwa begxeka unina omnye afunda nabo, lowo yaqalisa bhanya Leo A. Gromov, ngubani sele kwamnceda ukuba a studio film. Oku kulapho italente omfana yakwazi ukuba ngokwandisa sisebenza ngokupheleleyo. Phantsi kobunkokheli ngumlawuli evgeniya Bauera, omzalayo athi adibane naye emsebenzini, uLwazi ngokukhawuleza uyayiqonda kwiziseko umsebenzi omtsha. Kwenye yeencwadi zakhe ngokuphila Kuleshov ukhankanya ukuba umsebenzi Bauer yayahlukile kakhulu ekusebenzeni kunye nabanye abalawuli, njengoko ubuchule abaveza ka Leo, sivumele ulutsha ukuba ukutyhila ngokupheleleyo iitalente zabo.

Kwixesha elizayo, ukusebenza kunye nokusebenza nabanye abalawuli indlela Kuleshov uye waba uphawu obudoda ngakumbi. Nangona yokuba ngelo xesha wayeneminyaka eli-18 kuphela ubudala, ukuba sele ngokuthe ngcembe waqalisa ukuthabatha amanyathelo kuqala ukuphuhlisa isimbo yakho xa usenza kumasini movie.

Impumelelo kuqala

Nangona phambi imibono yazo entsimini lokudubula imovie, Lev Kuleshov, ogama iifilim ziya kuqhubeka ukuba ithandwe kakhulu, oko wahlala ikakhulu ngugqirha. Ngoko ke, ekuqaleni umsebenzi wakhe, ubeka kunye umfanekiso oshukumayo ngqo ngu V. Polonsky, ebizwa ngokuba "Uthando Iingoma Nedopetaya". Noko ke, ngelishwa, umboniso ifilimu iye yachitheka ukuya namhlanje.

Ngowe-1918, ubeka movie lakhe kuthiwa "Project Engineer Prayta". Ngelishwa, lo msebenzi wahlala iindinyana, kodwa iikhredithi igama Kuleshov olukhankanywe kabini: kokubini njengomlawuli kwaye ekuzobeni. Ezama ukubonisa abantu njengesiqhelo womelele kwaye usempilweni abahlala kweli ndikhulile, ngoko inkoliso inyathelo kwi movie yenziwa mveliso, kwizikhululo zikaloliwe kunye namaziko emfundo. Kungekudala emva kokuba umboniso waphuma, efumana umsebenzi kwi Kuleshov kinofotootdele Narcompros njengentloko candelo wokuhlela bhanyabhanya kunye ngaxeshanye mlawuli newsreels.

Le films edume

Iziganeko ezenzeka ngaphambili yezopolitiko 1918-1920, bafumana ukubonakaliswa wokwenene imizobo, apho iyaqhutywa Lev Kuleshov. PIU lwakhe. Amakhasethi newsreel idumileyo:

• "Ukuvulwa izinto ezingcwele Sergiya Radonezhskogo".
• "Uhlaziyo i-Central eKomiti eLawulayo kwiphondo yaseTver."
• "Phambene".
• "I-First Yonke-Russian imini."

Phakathi eqhuba movie "Kwi-Red Front" yaye "I Extraordinary Adventures of uMnu West Kwilizwe kwiBolsheviks," Kuleshov, owayenze ngempumelelo ngokwayo njengomlawuli, uyakwazi ukwenza kinomasterskuyu yayo, ubhale inani amanqaku kunye nomsebenzi njengomfundisi esikolweni film karhulumente.

bamxolele

Nangona isibakala sokuba Lev Kuleshov iyaqhutywa eninzi bhanya yakhe, yokwenene lokudala ngexesha elinye yakhe kwenzeka kuphela ekupheleni umsebenzi wakhe esisikhupheli:

• 1933 - "The Great Consoler."
• 1942 - "yesifungo Timur" ngemeko for A. P. Gaydara.
• 1943 - "Thina avela Urals."

Ngowe-1941, umsebenzi ezinkulu Kuleshov ebizwa ngokuba 'Basics of Film Ukwalathisa "yapapashwa, leyo yaguqulelwa ngeelwimi ezininzi amazwe kwaye kwaba nefuthe elibaluleke kakhulu kuphuhliso inkqubo cinematic.

Emva koko, uLwazi ugqiba ukuba azinikele ekufundiseni kwi VGIK, ukuze bakwazi ukufundisa ubugcisa abalawuli abatsha ekwenzeni iimovie.

ukusebenza Kuleshov

Ukuba angaba nalo nefuthe elingqale kule ndlela ukudubula umboniso, ngoko ke Lev Kuleshov, ukufakelwa kwayo okokuqala avunyelwe ukudibanisa amaqhekeza ngokwahlukileyo wathimba enye kwenye ngokudibene ubuso bomntu ekuthiwa ukuba baze baqonde inani iimvakalelo ezahlukeneyo. le ngcamango kuthiwa "Kuleshov Effect" kwihlabathi cinematic.

ukusebenza reflection kamva kukugcina kwinto yokuba inani isandi enyanzeliswa phezu iliso, yena, naye, i polyphonic yaye ngokuxhomekeke umbala ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo bavakalisa isiqulatho zabo.

isiphelo

Ngexesha lakhe, Kuleshov lifumene Inani lamabhaso abalaseleyo, irenki degree lwezenzululwazi:

• Doctor of Arts.
• Artist Abantu ngayo RSFSR.
• IMbasa Lenin.
• Order of the Red Banner lezeMisebenzi.

Iminyaka yokugqibela yobomi bakhe Lev Kuleshov ukhetha ukuchitha kunye nomfazi wakhe Aleksandroy Hohlovoy. Wafa ngoMatshi 29, 1970 waza wangcwatyelwa emangcwabeni Novodevichy (site-1, kumqolo 14).