Lewis Carroll kaThixo "Alice in Wonderland": isishwankathelo abalinganiswa abaphambili

imibongo IsiNgesi bububhanxa, ngenxa Limerick Edward Lear and Lewis Carroll, owabhala ngexesha yeVictorian kwiminyaka 150 eyadlulayo, waba brand ehlabathini lonke. Bekuya kuba ezinqwenelekayo ngenxa Example limerik kunye nemvano-siphelo punning:

Indoda endala owayehlala yedwa Tobago,

Yena waba sobago ongendawo,

Kodwa mna ndiza vurdolago

Nam ke ndatya inja,

Ke indoda endala wadla Tobago.

Kudla ngokuthiwa ukuba imibongo ehlekisayo. Akukho imbambano ebalulekileyo, njengoko absurdum in Latin - i "elwayo", "ezitenxileyo", "Uyafa", ngoxa ububhanxa - ". Engamampunge" Umahluko kukuba xa bethetha ezitenxileyo, khumbula iincwadi kwenkulungwane yama-20. Ke igxininisa obungenanjongo lithemba ubomi babantu kunye ubukho jikelele. A bububhanxa ngenkulungwane ye-19 ngomnye. Ziyimihlali. It livela amazwi ngokwabo, ifomu ngqo rhyme ngamazwi. It linovuyo Wordsworth wayekholelwa injongo ephambili kwimibongo. Heroes ububhanxa baphile ehlabathini yamaphupha akhe ngaphezu ngokwenyani. Oldos Haksli wathi: "Yimfitshimfitshi leyo - kuba ngqiqweni ukuba elivumelana sibe nobomi."

Yayingubani Charlz Lyutvidzh Dodzhson (1832 - 1898)?

Xa indoda enkulu yaqalisa ukupapasha imibongo yakhe ahlekisayo, kwakufuneka isiteketiso. Okokuqala, waguqulela ezimbini igama lakhe Latin, ngoko sesithi kubo ize iguqulelwe IsiNgesi. Siyazi isiphumo - Lyuis Kerroll.

Wafunda waza wafundisa nemathematika Oxford, abadala, abahlobo kunye nabantwana. Kuba Alice nguLiddell wabhala ibali "Alice in Wonderland", kunye Alice Raikes - intsomi "Alice in Wonderland." IsiNgesi, Ndizakuhamba, waya eItali, eGrisi, eFransi, waza waya eRashiya. Watyelela St. Petersburg, eMoscow, Nizhny Novgorod, ndaqalisa ukufunda Russian. Kamva, wapapasha incwadi ethi "Russian Diary". UGqr Lyuis Kerroll yemathematika wayeyoliswa kakhulu yeqonga, uye ube umfoti obubalaseleyo, epapashwe iincwadi zakhe phezu umatshini wokuchwetheza, wahamba koololiwe. Bathi nqa ke bonke izinto ezintsha ye revolution yezoshishino. Ukongeza, wenza wechess ukuba isixhobo abahambi ukuba badlale ebumnyameni. Ngenxa kwezezibalo, wafumana indlela kutshekisha ukuba ngaba amanani bohlulwa ngo-17 no-19, uze ufumane unkqaya uthotho elide lwamanani. Ngoko ke, wakwazi ukubhala inani "πi" kwiindawo lokugqibela 71. kunzima kangakanani mntu kwagqirha yemathematika, leyo siyazi njengoko umbhali Lewis Carroll, oko.

Indlu osemva isipili (Looking-Glass House)

Alice Ahlala phantsi, amlinda lekati yakhe okaZuma ezimnyama kunye ibhola kwenxeba, leyo bedidekile.

Alice wayemthanda ichess waza wabeka lekati ezisemilenzeni yayo yangasemva kangangokuba yajika yaba wechess queen emnyama. Emva koko, bancome oko kwenzekileyo, waya esipilini.

Kufana njengomsi, esipilini aphel, kwaye okomzuzwana kamva Alice - Ngokusebenzisa KalaallisutName. isishwankathelo adventures yakhe iya ezixoxa.

Wona esemva nesipili

Unobangela isipili ukuba yonke into embi kangaka egumbini lakhe: portraits abazange cwaka, iiwotshi ziye umntu omdala ochwayithileyo Chasovichkom kunye uthuthu eziko kubeka chessmen. Hayi, ukuba nje saa, wahamba, wathetha yaye abazange qaphela Alice. Emva koko intombazana waphakamisa uKumkani White kwaye ngobunono uyibeke phantsi ku wakhe. Moya ezisuka ingozi awela kodwa wakhawuleza wachacha wathi wayengenakuze ayilibale le kuhlukunyezwa. "Libala - wathembisa ukumkanikazi - ukuba ukurekhoda." Ukumkani wakhupha nencwadi kunye into ngokukhawuleza iphawulwe. Alice ukwazi, kwaye wayefuna ukuba ukufunda nokubhala. Kodwa kwakukho somntwana bengasiqondi. "Kufuneka wenze ukuba esipilini" - bagqiba Ngokusebenzisa Looking-Glass (isishwankathelo sebali, ngumntu wasentsomini okuchazwe apha). Yena ufunda la mazwi aqhelekileyo, kodwa wasinda intsingiselo. ke Alice wagqiba ukujonga kungena egadini.

Garden iintyatyambo fresh (The Garden of Live Flowers)

Utyeshelo lomqathango kwigumbi (owu, oko ngendlela engaqhelekanga ukufumana ngeenxa zonke kuye kujike kube!), Alice esitratweni wabona entabeni ephakamileyo, apho akakwazanga ukufumana apho, lonke ixesha uza emva eludongeni lwayo indlu. Emva koko wabona iintyatyambo. Bona ziyonwabisa ethetha Alice waza wanikela icebiso ukuya kwelinye icala, loo nto xa uya kufumana apho aya khona. Eli lizwe engaqhelekanga, nto leyo wadalwa Carroll! Alice in Wonderland kwaye wenze ibonakele emazantsi yenduli ingafikeleleki kwaye kufuphi Black Queen. Alice wabona ukuba le lizwe nje, kodwa okhethekileyo ibhodi chess. Iiseli zihlukaniswe ezintangweni kunye nemisinga. Alice wayefuna ukudlala itshesi, nokuba yinto nenkomo. Ukumkanikazi wathembisa ukubeka Alice kwiseli yesibini, yaye ukuba kukho intombazana uyeza yesibhozo, iba Queen. Oku kunokwenzeka kuphela ebomini. Ngokusebenzisa ubheka-Glass (isishwankathelo, ezele qashi kunye neendibano xa phambili) ziya kuba nako ukuyenza loo nto. I-Queen wabanika imiyalelo Intombazana wandixelela ukuba uhamba njani phakathi kwiiseli, athi adibana nabo, kwaye ebusweni.

Izinambuzane Esebenzisa KalaallisutName

Around Alice endaweni leenyosi fluttered iindlovu. Alice watsibela phezu komlanjana; waye kuloliwe kunye abakhweli ezingaqhelekanga.

Yaba nebhokhwe kunye ne- Beetle, kwaye umhloli wajonga e Alice in kweteleskopu, neemicroscope. Umphunga kaloliwe ngequbuliso ephendula, wathabatha futhi wanyamalala. Alice wazifumana phantsi komthi waza wathetha ingcongconi ubungakanani ngumqhagi.

Tvidldum kunye Tvidldi (Tweedledum ne Tweedledee)

Alice wayesele kumgca wesine, apho wadibana tolstyachkov ezimbini Ezithand'ukulwa kunye grumpy.

Baza bamzisa belele kukumkani omnyama, wamxelela umbongo yam athandekayo The isilo solwandle esinamabamba amade kunye Umchweli.

Wool Namanzi

Ngesiquphe, Alice abophe qhiya zomnye, waza wakhangela, sifuna ukuba iindwendwe. KuLo galo lonke Queen singcolile White ukuba Alice waqala ivathisiwe. Kwaye ukuba imbuyekezo wathembisa ukuba ukunyanga jam intombazana ngomso, esongeza ukuba ngomso zange ifike. Xa kuziwa, yenzeka namhlanje. Ngequbuliso le Kumkanikazi ibuye ibe igusha, eyayihleli evenkileni kunye iimpahla neyenu.

Ngesiquphe, evenkileni iye isikhephe, nezipeki - sibheqwayo apho, yaye uqubha phesheya komlanjana. Kwaye ngoko ke ndemka; emfutshane, kunye Alice kwakhona bazibona kwivenkile ekufutshane. Le ntombazana wacela iqanda, nto leyo ibuye ibe indoda egama Humpty Dumpty (Humpty Dumpty). Ukuthetha kuye, oko kwakhokelela ngokupheleleyo zingalahlekanga. amagama aqhelekileyo uthathe amaxabiso ezingaziwayo. Olu phawu kwaba kuphela Humpty Dumpty, kodwa kamva abantu abaninzi beli lizwe emangalisayo. Ngokusebenzisa ubheka-Glass (isishwankathelo kwemveliso ezixoxa apha) laya ziziqhelanise ebalulekileyo kunye absurdities.

Okokugqibela, le ntombazana kumgca wesibhozo bevakalelwa ubungqongqo elukakayini lwentloko.

Imbeko wakhe itheko, kodwa ndimlungiselele kunye holiday ngokwayo ngaphezu engaqhelekanga. Alice waba nomsindo waza wabamba isandla sakhe Black Queen waza waqalisa enikina.

Kodwa kwenzeka ukuba ebambe ikati emnyama. Wavuka? Ngoko ke ngubani waphupha yonke (Yeyiphi Ndandifuna oko?)? "Awu, ikati - Alice wambuza, - yinto liphupha kum, okanye kumkani emnyama?". Kodwa Intshontsho udlalwa kuphela yaye akanako ukunika impendulo.

Ntoni abafundi

Bonke abafundi zibonisa ukuba le ncwadi yi Lewis Carroll, hayi nje kuphela ngenxa yabantwana. Bona lubonakala ngokuba lumo, bokudlala, yokugxininisa. Ezihlelwe ngayo ubudlelwane babantu umbhali ngobuchule siguqule kulo mdlalo. Alice of pawns ukuba uguqulwe ube ukumkanikazi, abathatha inxaxheba kwindlela eya ezahlukeneyo adventures kunye nabalinganiswa ongafaniyo. A uqhwithela kweempendulo ezintle, ngokufuthi olusebenzisa inethiwekhi, kwibali-okusebenza "Alice in Wonderland." Ukuphonononga zibhalwa elide ende, esithi ukuba akukho mntu usele akakukhathalele ekuyilweni Lewis Carroll,.