Malunga nephi iVorkuta ebalazweni laseRashiya

Malunga nephi iVorkuta ebalazweni laseRashiya, abaninzi banengcamango engapheliyo. Wonke umntu uyazi ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba le ndawo ingasenyakatho. Yaye yintoni ephawulekayo, uye apho kukho ukholo oluhle uze uqhelane nalo mzi ngokubanzi, kwindawo, ufuna ngandlela-thile ncinane.

Kwimbali

Urals Urals, apho iVorkuta ifumaneka khona, ibonakaliswa yimimoya yezulu. Lo ngumda we-permafrost, ukushisa okuphantsi kunye nemimoya eqinile. Isidingo sokwakha esi sixeko apha ngenxa yokuphuhliswa kwe- Pechora ibhasi lelahle. I-Vorkuta yanamhlanje ingaphezu kweminyaka engamashumi asibhozo ubudala. Kubonakala kwimephu ngo-1931 ngesimo sesigxina esisebenzayo kwaye safumana igama layo egameni lomlambo ogeleza apha. Injongo yale ngqungquthela ekuguquleleni kolwimi lwaseNenets ibonisa ubuninzi beebhere kule ndawo. Hamba ufumane apho iVorkuta ekhoyo kwimaphu yaseRashiya kwaye ingaba igama layo lihambelana nenani leebhere ezifunwa kancinci. Kodwa abazange bahlose ukucela iimfuno zabo kwiSoviet Union ye-thirties. Isixeko sakhiwe kwaye amalahle achitshiweyo kwiimigodi yaseVorkuta ikakhulukazi ngamabanjwa. Bobabini ubugebengu kunye nezopolitiko.

Vorkuta kwimbali yaseSoviet

Kwada kwaqala ukuqala kweenkulungwane zamahlanu ekhulwini lokugqibela, esinye seziqithi ezinkulu kwi "Gulag Archipelago" echazwe ngu-Alexander Solzhenitsyn . I-Vorkutlag yangena kwimbali yaseSoviet kunye noNorilsk, iMagadan kunye neKaraganda. Amashumi amawaka amabanjwa kufuneka afumane apho iVorkuta yayiseemaphu yaseRashiya. Ekuqaleni kwamashumi amahlanu inani labo eVorkuta lidlulile abantu abangamashumi asixhenxe anamawaka. Kunzima ukusho ukuba bangaphi abo banenhlanhla ukubuyela ekhaya. Ukusebenza kwiimigodi yamalahle ihlala yinto ebunzima kakhulu, kwaye i-Vorkutlag yayicatshulwa ngokufanelekileyo njengenye yezona ndawo zinobungozi kwiinkampu. Imbali yeGulag yayiquka ukuvuswa kweVorkuta ka-1953, kwakungowona mkhulu kunabo bonke. Emva kwemashumi amahlanu, abasebenzi babethandwa kakhulu kwiimigodi yaseVorkuta ngezinga eliphezulu lokuhlawula. Kodwa ngokumalunga neenkululeko zabasebenzi be-free of system correctional system of Ministry of Internal Affairs. Ngoko ke, idumela le sixeko lizinzile, kwaye lizimisele ukuzinikela ekufumaneni apho iVorkuta ekhoyo kwimaphu yaseRashiya, bekukho ncinane.

IVolkuta namhlanje

Ukukhawuleka kwesi sixeko kunokuqwalaselwa njengama-70. Inani lalo lidlula abantu abayikhulu lamawaka. Inani elithile lomsebenzi lenzelwe ukutshintsha umfanekiso ongcolileyo wesixeko, ukuphucula kunye nokubonelela ngezindlu ezifanelekileyo kubemi bayo. Kwiziko lavela izitrato eziliqela, ezakhiwe ngezokwakheka kweklastiki kwisitayela se-thirties. Kuye kwakhiwa izakhiwo eziliqela zolawulo kunye noluntu. Kodwa i-dayday kule nto kwaye iphelile. Oku kungenxa yokupheliswa kwamacandelo amalahle omhlaba we-Pechora Basin, okwenza ukukhutshwa kwawo kungabi nzuzo kakhulu. Ubemi besixeko selehlile ngesiqingatha. Akukho mntu unomdla apho i-Vorkuta ihlala khona. Abantu bavame ukuphuma kuwo "emhlabeni omkhulu" kwithuba lokuqala. Le nqubo ikhawuleza imeko engathandekiyo kwimvelo kwi-Vorkuta.