Zingaphi iilitha ezikwicube

Ukuze uphendule lo mbuzo, kuyimfuneko ukuqonda iingqiqo ezinjenge "litre" kunye ne "cube". Kodwa kulabo abangenayo injongo yokufunda le nqaku ukuphela, impendulo yombuzo othi "Mangaphi iilitha kwi-cube okanye kwi-1 cubic meter?" Iya kuba yinto engabonakaliyo - 1000 ilitha. Ngoku yonke into iyahlelwa.

Yintoni ilitha? IiLitha ziiyunithi zokulinganisa. IRussian Federation ineGOST 8.417-2002, ebeka izikhundla, inika iinkcazo kwaye ichaza indlela yokusebenzisa iinqununu zobuninzi bomzimba. Olu xwebhu lubhala iinqununu eziphambili zemiyinge ngokwemiqathango ye-International ye- SI kunye neemveliso zabo. Imitha ibhekisela eziphambili. Le yindlela ehamba ngayo ekuphumeni ngokukhanya kwithuba elithile, eliyi-1/299792458 imizuzwana. Iimilinganiselo ezifana nommandla okanye ivolumu zilinganiswa ngamacandelo athobileyo: imitha yecrafta (m2) kunye nemitha ye cubub (m3). KwiTable No. 6 yeGOST 8.414-2002, iiyunithi zokulinganisa ezingabandakanywa kwinkqubo ye-SI zidweliswe kwaye ziyavunyelwa ukuba zisetyenziswe ngaphandle kwemimiselo. Iilitha (ilitha) libhekiselele kwiiyunithi zenkxaso yecandelo. Isetyenziselwa ukulinganisa ubuninzi bomzimba ezifana nomthamo okanye amandla. 1 ilitha = 1 dm³ = 10-3 m³. Ngaloo ndlela, unako ukubala ukuba zininzi ilitha kwikhampu yamanzi. Ukususela kwi-1 m iqukethe i-10 dm kunye ne-1 m³ = 1 m • 1 m • 1 m, emva kwe-1 m³ = 10 dm • 10 dm • 10 dm = 1000 dm³ = 1000 l.

Ngegama elithi "cube", elivela kwi-Greek "kybos", le meko iyinkimbinkimbi, kuba inentsingiselo ezininzi.

1. Uchaza umzimba we-geometric, obizwa ngokuba yi-polyhedron rhoqo-i-hexahedron, ubuso obunobunye (obuthathu kuphela) ubukwere. Ukuba icala lekwere liyi-1 m, ke lo mzimba unomthamo olingana no-1 m³ okanye i-1000 l. Kodwa ukuba icala lobuso lihlukile, umzekelo, u-3 m, ke impendulo yombuzo othi "Mangaphi iilitha kwi-cube?" Uya kuhluka. I-polyhedron enjalo inomthamo we-3 m • 3 m • 3 m = 9 m³ = 9000 ilitha.
2. Ukuthetha "i-cube" kufuneka kuqondwe njengomqulu olingana no-1 meter cubic. Isetyenzisiweyo, umzekelo, ukuqikelela inani lomhlaba ogqitywe okanye umthamo we-liquid pumped. Ukuba ubuza: "I-cube yamanzi - mangaphi iilitha?" Kulo mzekelo, impendulo ilandela ukusuka kwi-GOST 8.417-2002, ebeka umlinganiselo weeyunithi, oko kukuthi, i-cube yamanzi yi-1 m3 = 1000 ilitha.
3. Kwiimathematika, igama elithi "cube" lithetha umlinganiselo wenani elimele liphindwe kathathu. Kulo mbuzo umbuzo othi "Mangaphi iilitha kwi-cube?" Akufanelekanga.
4. Kwimizekelo yeenkqubo zokuvelisa (umzekelo, kwishishini lobunjineli obushushu, imboni yamachiza) kunye nasekhaya, igama elithi "cube" lingachaza i-apparatus apho iibilisi zamanzi ezikhuphayo okanye i- distillation (distillation). Ezi zixhobo kaninzi ziba neendlela ezahlukileyo kwi-polyhedron ejwayelekile (hexahedron). Ngokuqhelekileyo ziyi-cylindrical. Kwenzeka njani kule meko ukubala ubuninzi beelitha kwikhampu? Ukusebenzisa ubungakanani beeyunithi, kufuneka ukwandise umthamo owaziwayo weso sixhobo ngamamitha ayi-cubic nge-1000, ngenxa yoko, ivolumu yayo kwiitres iya kufumaneka.

Ukuhlaziya kwakhona umthamo ovezwe ngamanye amayunithi omlinganiselo, umzekelo, ii-cubic centimeters, ikhilomitha okanye iimithamitha, kufuneka ubuyele kwi-GOST 8.417-2002. Ngokuchanekileyo, kwitheyibhile yayo inombolo ye-7, echaza imigaqo yokwakhelwa kwamagama kunye namagama amanqwanqwa amaninzi kunye nama-lobular amanani enyama equka inkqubo ye-SI. Kule njongo, iingqonge zisetyenziselwa (kukho i-20 kubo etafileni), ehambelana nabaphindi abadlulileyo. Xa ukongeza isiqalo (umzekelo, iota, i-peta, i-giga, i-kilo, i-deca, i-centi, i-milli, njl) njengawo yunithi eyintloko, iyacaca ukuba yiphi i-multiplier ephindaphindiweyo kufuneka yande ngexabiso elisezantsi ukuze kufumane ubuninzi beyunithi yokulinganisa.

Isiqalo "kilo" sihambelana nomthengisi 10³ (okanye 1000). "Santi" - 10² (okanye i-100). "Izigidi" - 10-³ (okanye 1/1000). Njengomzekelo, unako ukubala ukuba zininzi iilitha kwi-cube (i-polyhedron eqhelekileyo) ebusweni bayo buyi-0.3 km (km), i-3 cm (cm) okanye i-3 millimeters (mm).

1. Kwimeko yokuqala: 0.3 km • 0.3 km • 0.3 km = 0.009 km³. Ukususela kwi-1 km = 1000 m, nge-0.009 km³ = 9000000 m³ = 9000000000 l.
2. Kwimeko yesibini: 3 cm • 3 cm • 3 cm = 9 cm³. Ukususela ku-1 cm = 1/100 m, ke u-9 cm³ = 0.000009 m³ = 0.009 l. Kule miqulu, inyunithi yokulinganisa, ebizwa ngokuba yi-milliliter (ml) kwaye ilingana no-1 cm³ okanye 10-³ l, isetyenziswa rhoqo.
3. Kwimeko yesithathu: 3 mm • 3 mm • 3 mm = 9 mm³. Ukususela kwi-1 mm = 1/1000 m, ngoko-9 mm³ = 0.000000009 m³ = 0.000009 l. Ukwenza nayiphi na inyathelo ngamanani anjalo ayinakwenzeka, ngoko sebenzisa iyunithi yokulinganisa ebizwa ngokuthi i-microliter (μl), eyi-10-³ ml okanye i-10-6 l.

Ngokucacileyo, ukuphendula ngokuchanekileyo kumbuzo othi "Zingaphi iilitha kwi-cube?" Okanye nayiphi na iinguqulelo zeeyunithi zokulinganisa, kuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa umgangatho ophakathi kweGOST 8.417-2002 (yamkelwa ngamazwe ase-CIS ayishumi). Ukuba khona ekutyunjweni kwayo kwenani lesibhozo kunye nechashazi kubonisa ukuba yiyo ye-metrology (inzululwazi eqinisekisa ukulingana kwemilinganiselo kunye nokufezekisa okuchanekileyo). Ukufumana ulwazi: imigangatho, ekutyunjweni kwayo inombini elinesibini elinesicatshulwa, ziqule iimfuno zokuqinisekisa imeko ekhuselekile yokusebenza.