Nencazelo yegama: "Intliziyo Dog" yi Bulgakov

workshop umsebenzi omangalisayo elaziwayo ababhali Soviet zokuxhatshazwa kwabantu '- uMikhail Bulgakov - yinto ebaluleke ngokwemixholo ukuba iingxoxo isifundo sakhe usaqhubeka unanamhla. Zama ukuqonda kwaye siqonde intsingiselo yegama 'Intliziyo Inja. "

ulwazi zembali

Ngoko nangoko emva kokuba ukubhala inoveli ngo-1925, oko yezicelo ngezityholo bemisebenzi. Power nababhali, ezifana lowo wenza le ncwadi, nto leyo iza ukucinga iwonga ekuhlaleni zombhali. Le mibhalo-ngqangi kwadliwa, kwaye uluntu ngokubanzi nkqu bazi ubukho lo msebenzi esihle, kwaye kutshanje nje, sele kule minyaka ingama-60 zenkulungwane yamashumi amabini, yafumana nje umfundi, yaye, emva koko, umbukeli, owaba nako ukuqonda iitalente nje umbhali kunye nabalawuli ngqangi ngokungenakonakala. Ukuba ekuqaleni le ncwadi yasasazwa kuphela samizdat, ngo-1968, yona ekugqibeleni wabona ukukhanya, kunye nakwamanye amazwe, nto leyo nayo nto ibaluleke kakhulu. Upapasho lokuqala lwaseburhulumenteni kwizikhewu ezikule yebali lizwe lethu babona kakhulu kutshanje - ngo-1987.

Ukuhlaselwa imveliso, njengoko, eneneni, yaye umbhali wayo waqalisa ngenxa yobukho yomenzeli OGPU kwi kufundwa yokuqala umsebenzi. Ukufuna, ekuthatheni ngqangi, lonke eli phepha abamnyama ukuhlola iyonke, esenzeka nakwimo asakhulayo abasebenzi kunye nabalimi. Kodwa emva inqaku isithembiso engundoqo. Ngaphambi kokuba siqwalasele intsingiselo yegama webali 'Intliziyo Dog ", oko ifanele ibe nzulu kancinci kulo mbandela zaseprayimari eziyinyaniso.

A kancinci ibali

UNjingalwazi Preobrazhensky, ngasendleleni, inimitably sabulawa kukhubazeko ifilim kukho umdlali emangalisayo Evgeny Evstigneev, ubeka experiment fantastic lokususa posa kwabantu kwamadlala ZakwaLizwi Zehlabathi kumzimba inja.

Nangona ukuba amalungu athathwa ixhoba onxilileyo ekulweni. abohlukeneyo ngempumelelo iphela ukuba ezona ziphumo ngokumangalisayo uprofesa. Dog ogama hope ngesiquphe iqala ijike ibe abantu. Kwaye UNjingalwazi Frankenstein nalo li- entle nengqiqo nje yabantu, kodwa kananjalo ezilizothe, zobhedu kunye bokungabi nazintloni 'namaqabane' abazama ukuphila kwakhe xa ekwindlu yakhe. Le meko, nangona kwamnandi, kodwa ubhekisela kakhulu ngokucacileyo ukuba nokuhlutha igunya kubantu eSoviet Union evela iiklasi asezantsi, isigaba, kwiminyaka embalwa eyadlulayo nto ngokwayo akunjalo, kodwa akhasa kwi kwezopolitiko ihlabathi iklabhu ngomumo.

intsingiselo esisiseko

Ngenxa yoko, intsingiselo yegama kwinoveli Bulgakov kaThixo "Intliziyo Dog", kuyabonakala ukuba, iya kuvulwa ngeendlela ezimbini. Kwelinye icala, umzimba inja, yaye oko ngentliziyo, ukuba banikwa amanye amalungu oluntu, nto leyo eyabangela imiphumo nanto, phantse kwakhokelela yokuwa umdali. Sifumana unaloo oko intliziyo yenja emzimbeni womntu - ukuba nje kuphela yingozi, kodwa kunokukhokelela self-ukutshatyalaliswa kuluntu eyakhiwa nedolyudey enjalo.

Kwelinye icala, intsingiselo yegama 'Intliziyo Dog "into Nakuba kakhulu. Ekhumbula abantu ngaphandle ngentliziyo, inani kunokuba elikhulu yamaqabane womntu mihla. Kuba ukuba bakope okanye ubonise kufutshane nje kuphela anikezele Akukho bunzima, yaye koko, isoloko imvo ebomini babo.

Abantu 'omtsha'

Ukuqhubeka incoko ibali Nakuba, singakwazi ukutyhila intsingiselo enzulu yegama lwemveliso "Intliziyo Inja." "Kobuntu New", wadala yi Enkulu Oktobha Revolution, ziphawulwe ubuso eyoyikisayo egabadeleyo ummeli wakhe. Ngokwenene into wadala, efana kwi isifaniso ngentla Frankenstein, irhamncwa liphuma ityhubhu, kodwa i iklasi yonke. Sabasebenzi, bamfuna angene kwibala amandla, uncultured, imbewu kajongilanga imvubu, ngelizwi ukukhankanya unina wakhe. Ke ngequbuliso waqalisa ukulawula ilizwe elikhulu kwimbali nenkcubeko lemveli, abengabawiselanga kuphela Balibele tu, kodwa damn, idla kthen kubo kunye nemeko yabo.

Esi sikweko, le zemo crazy ezenziwe Bulgakov kwakude kudala-1925, xa ilizwe zawanqwamza nje emathangeni akhe, ayifiki uhambisa i War Civil, wakhalisa iphamflethi ezoyikekayo. Kungenxa yoko le nto yokuhlolwa nangoko kunyathelwa iphawuleka kuba amandla aso noqikelelo imveliso, enyeleni osezingqondweni evakalelwa ukuba ngaye, malunga athathe yavele nje yeklasi ngokuqatha phezu lizwe esikhulu nesinamandla.

Sase- bugwetyelwe

Nendlela ilungelo yena! Intsingiselo yegama "Intliziyo Dog" Bulgakov nje eyangena kakuhle imeko yiSoviet Union, yena yaqikelela ntlekele eyoyikekayo eyaqalisa phezu kweli lizwe, uyilahle ibe ngokwenkcubeko kangangeenkulungwane ezininzi eyadlulayo. Ngapha koko, kuye akukho mfihlakalo kangakanani le-Elite ngokwasengqondweni emva kweminyaka ezinye ukubola kuStalin kunye clique yakhe kwiinkampu sharashkas elide.

Loo inja intliziyo kwiklasi yonke, udidi wabasemagunyeni izixhobo iqela, wabangela imiphumo ezinkulu lonke eli lizwe, kuba izibonelelo yengqondo yayo. Akakuvumeli ukuba abe resource ezenkcubeko lonke ihlabathi namhlanje, aze avunyelwe ukuba ube provocateur njengomgunyaziswa ludilike, iingalo uhlanga yenyukliya kunye nezinye nantsingiselo ukusuka kwindawo Ngenxa nengqiqo, ubuntu isiqhazolo Uyageza.

Konke oku uhlabela mgama kusinceda siqonde intsingiselo yegama 'Intliziyo Inja. " Le ubuntu "omtsha", wabumba iingcamango collectivism, kwathabatha iliza ezigqugqisileyo ixabiso lenkcubeko, ukudala eSoviet Union, njengoko ababonakele ayiphumelelanga iingcamango kusengqiqweni uluntu kulawulwa ngobulungisa. Kwaye, ngelishwa, isizukulwana Sharikovs nangoku usaqhubeka nangoku, yaye ingcamango yokuba uluntu efanelekileyo wahlala ingcamango, owenza masiqhubeke Ndinephupha engenakwenzeka.

isiphelo

Ngenxa yoko, intsingiselo yegama 'Intliziyo Dog "isekelwe phezu komhlaba. Umntu eli gunya kufuneka babe nelungelo ezikhona kule planethi. Bulgakov waphupha uluntu enjalo.

Wabona yintoni okunene iba uluntu apho "bonke bayalingana", "Ukususela walowo wanikwa ngokwawakhe" yaye ezinye iiseti izilogani ukuba akukho isiqinisekiso lokwenene. Olilizwe akhiwa Oktobha Revolution, ukususela ekuqalekeni utshonile. Injongo yakhe yayikukuba ukuveza le ukungahambisalani, kwaye anyamezela wamkela yakhiwe ngayo lo msebenzi.