Inshorensi ezifunekayo. Iintlobo lwezibophelelo lweencwadi. Ihlanganisa for ezibophelele

Nangona e-books yonke imihla yaye kuya kusanda ukuthandwa, iphepha zemveli izihlobo zabo unganikisi kwizikhundla zabo. Noko ke, ukuqonda inkoliso yabavakalisi ukuba ngenxa yeendleko eziphezulu yokushicilela uncwadi yephepha kakhulu ngaphantsi iinguqulelo elektroniki. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, ushicilelo behlanganisa ubuchule zisoloko ukuba ngcono. Ngoko ke, enye ezintsha zamvanje kule ndawo iye langaphandle ezifunekayo. Yintoni na yaye ziziphi izinto zawo phezu kwezinye iindlela iincwadi design? Makhe sibone.

Yintoni na le ncwadi yokubopha

Ukuze ngcono ukuqonda ezahlukileyo ngendlela efunekayo eprintiweyo izinto aluka kufuneka ijongane noko ndibopha yaye yintoni na yona.

Njengokuba sisazi, le ncwadi (ngohlobo olulo ngoku) inamaphepha ezininzi kwephepha zibambene omnye komnye. Iiplanga ncwadi esibophelelayo, nto leyo maxa wambi ibizwa ngokuba inshorensi, kodwa bengabonakali ncam into efanayo. Esi sixhobo kuphela isebenza kukhuselwe amaphepha, kodwa ukuzikhusela umonakalo, ngokunjalo ukwazisa malunga nokuqulethwe kule ncwadi.

Maxa wambi igama elithi 'abophe "zibhekisela ngokwalo ekudaleni inkqubo isiciko. Noko ke, eli xabiso ichanekile kakhulu ukuba ukusebenzisa elinye igama. Oku "behlanganisa".

Imbali behlanganisa

Umhla ngqo imbonakalo isiko lokusebenzisa izibophelelo iincwadi - ayaziwa. Izazinzulu zikholelwa ukuba oku kwenzeka BC ngenkulungwane yesi-2. e. Noko ke, kwadlula omnye iinkulungwane ezimbini eligqibeleleyo nerakhi, iyenza khangela njenge mihla.

Ekuqaleni, umsebenzi wayo ephambili bond nokhuseleko amaphepha encwadi umonakalo. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, neendebe ezenziwe ngezinto engqongqo ezomeleleyo ezifana iinkuni okanye ngesikhumba. Kwangaxesha nye, isithethe nihombisa iincwadi amatye anqabileyo namatye, ngokuzenza zibe imali eninzi kakhulu yaye ingafikeleleki kwinkoliso.

Ekubeni kokusungulwa ukushicilela abenzi imveliso eziprintiweyo bafuna iindlela okukhawulezisa nokunciphisa indleko inkqubo yokuvelisa ka interlacing. Kule nkalo, le ncwadi ndibotshiwe yesikhumba kangangeenkulungwane saqhutywa ngaphandle khadibodi inyama namaxabiso. Emva koko, ngokuba akusekho lwepaki, baza kuhlawula kuphela ukwenza umsebenzi yokhuselo, kodwa ulwazi. Baqala ke ukuba abhale iinkcukacha malunga isihloko nombhali umsebenzi, kwakunye zokupapasha, ubuncinane - malunga nomnini.

Ukuqalisa ukususela kwinkulungwane XVIII phakathi kwabantu abazizityebi behlabathi isasazwa fashion ukuzoba up amathala zabo. Kulo mba, kumntu ngamnye i "ingqokelela" liphuhlise uyilo Umatshini ekhethekileyo, ngokufuthi kunye ukusebenzisa imifanekiso.

Umgangatho kunye umhombiso ntofontofo iincwadi ngoku ixhomekeke zemali umthamo yomnini. Ngokomzekelo, Pushkin singenabo, ngoko ke kuyilo kumaqweqwe kwithala lakhe wayethozamile gqitha, kodwa ixesha elide. Kwangaxeshanye, abanini amaninzi kuBukhosi Russian lowo eziqokelelwe iincwadi nje ngenxa fashion, ukonga izibophelelo esemgangathweni ngenxa imbonakalo.

Kwinkulungwane XX kunye nophuhliso loshishino onke amanqanaba yemveliso ushicilelo nokuhambisa, kunye nokubandakanyeka yabantu kwinkqubo kuyehla kube ubuncinane. Ngaphezu koko, nokufika iphepha iincwadi inshorensi ethambileyo ndibotshiwe yesikhumba waba ikamva wembali. Nangona namhlanje kuyenzeka ukuba odola uyilo kuba uhlelo ezinoqweqwe, inkosi ngesandla ezenziwe. Noko ke, oko kuyingozi, njengokwemihla yamandulo, abiza kakhulu.

Yintoni iqweqwe lencwadi, nendlela iyahluka ukusuka kwindawo emdaka

ikhava idla kulinganiswa yi intsingiselo lwesemantiki ilizwi 'abophe ", yaye nangona zombini athetha isiciko olungaphandle ncwadi, phakathi kwabo kukho umahluko. Yintoni na? Makhe sibone.

Cover ebizwa iphepha okanye paperboard nesigubungelo engaphandle iincwadi, iikhompyutha eziphathwayo, idayari okanye naluphi uxwebhu. Kwangaxeshanye, isiciko phantse lonke eyenziwe luthe iintlobo ikhadibhodi, iphepha wawutyabeka, ifilim, ilaphu okanye ezinye izinto.

Ngokokwakheka la magama mabini nabo kwahluka phakathi kwabo. Ngoko ke, akukho endpapers inshorensi kunye, njengoko umthetho, loo nto imele tselnovyrezannuyu iinkcukacha. Nangona zemveli iyabophelela iincwadi kusenokuquka kwiindawo ezininzi qhiwu omnye komnye. Udibana kwaye single sika lobeko wayo - isiciko ezifunekayo.

Ngenxa yokwanda a editions wokuhlanganisa, kuba basoloko bexakaniseka kunye yokubopha. Ukwahlula ezi mpapasho kuba yi bubukho flyleaf. Ukuba kunjalo - yinto wokuhlanganisa. Ukuba flyleaf akunjalo - olu hlobo ezinoqweqwe oluqinileyo.

Yini ubopha

inshorensi Traditional na ncwadi iqulathe izinto eziliqela. Okokuqala, ukuba inshorensi nzima. Enyanisweni, oko kunto-nye njengoko inshorensi kwikhadibhodi. Usebenzela i zokhuselo cover siphambili le ncwadi. Le nto ifumaneka iintlobo ezimbini: ebalulekile kwaye omnye-sifuba.

nesivalo Classical ephelelisa ezenziwe amaqhosha ikhadibhodi, ilaphu olunombala kwikhadibhodi baxhoma okanye iplastiki, ngamanye amaxesha kunye yesikhumba ngumntu. Iqulethe ezintathu: macala omabini kwaye ngasemva (ikhadibhodi strip, agqume amaphepha incwadi nisondelelane - ingcambu). I nokubanzulu amaqela yaye kuthiwa uyamlandela umqukumbelo.

Lowo-sifuba sazo zonke oko iinkcukacha enye.

Nokuba zezaluphi na uhlobo, isiciko kuqhotyoshelwe kwiibloko ncwadi (amaphepha buthathwa yokubhala) usebenzisa endpapers.

Ezinye ezintathu kumacala le ncwadi, azisekelwanga yesondo kunye namanye, imikhono nganye uthe wagawulwa-off zibizwa ngokuba: ngaphambili, engasentla nengasezantsi.

Bookmark tape, qhiwu ukuya ezibophelelayo, ebizwa iRibhoni.

Ziziphi izinto zenziwa iziciko ukuba iyabophelela

Xa kwimveliso iincwadi bayeka ukusebenzisa iinkuni kangangeenkulungwane yokugubungela yokubopha lalenziwe ikhadibhodi olulingana ezahlukeneyo.

Noko ke, ekubeni kwisiqingatha sesibini senkulungwane XX waba okhuphisana esizimiseleyo kwikhadibhodi oko zeplastiki. Ihlanganisa for yokucheba kwale inokuthenjwa yaye akoyiki ukufuma. Namhlanje, ukuba adla ngokusetyenziswa baprintayo. Phela, omnye iingenelo eziphambili zeplastiki phambi yekhadibhodi ukuba ukuqweqwe lweli hlobo nje kuphela kube nawuphi na umbala, kodwa ngaphaya. Ngelo xesha oku amatsha na isiphako ebalulekileyo. Isibakala sokuba kwekhwapha zeplastiki zokuthenga benzakalise bume, kuba izinto lulodwa enomgangatho kufuneka ukuba kuyasetyenzwa.

Isiqhelo ukusebenzisa ngeplastiki ukwenza iincwadi ezininzi ochaphazelekayo fiction okanye isipho edishini, kunye nokuveliswa kumaqweqwe ngenxa zokubhalela, iidayari, iikhompyutha eziphathwayo, izincoko, theses kunye kweshumi.

Kananjalo kubalulekile ukuba siqaphele ukuba ikhula woveliso kumaqweqwe eziphathwayo kunye eziphathwayo ye abicah.

Ezinoqweqwe iintlobo zeHPV zingonobangela yayo

Yinto eyaziwa ngokubanzi ukuba kukho ezinye iintlobo lwezibophelelo: nzima, ithambile nengxam. Ukongeza, ngamnye kubo zenyathi yayo.

Kuxhomekeka zeendawana ukutyabeka paperboard i-inshorensi Umatshini eqinileyo Ukrainian lunee ntlobo eso.

• 7BTS (cover Book) - cover yodwa phezu iphepha elincangathi okanye lacquered itywiniwe.
• 7T - ngekhadibhodi wambu ngengubo. Kokuba etywiniweyo, lacquered, epeyintiweyo okanye anyangwe izithombe.
• 7B - yi indlela efanayo kule 7T ohlobo processing. Noko ke, kule meko akukho isiciko ibe ifakelwe yi ilaphu kunye nezinto ezahlukileyo Ukufana ngokwendalo okanye yesikhumba, bumvinila, balakrona kunye t. D.

BSc and SHKS

Ukuqwalasela oko iintlobo lwezibophelelo eziqhelekileyo namhlanje ukushicelela, kufuneka unikele ingqalelo ohlobo wokuhlanganisa. Ababini kubo.

• BSc - eriyeli nimanyane ngcina. Mu kuya kwa nshita Umatshini eqinileyo, kule ngobuwena, amakhasi, zidityaniswe, ethe kuphela. Cover eyenziwe elaminethiweyo, atywinwe sheet cut elinye iphepha okanye paperboard mninzi esingadlulanga 300 g / m ^2. A indlela efanayo ke libiza kancinane kwaye ilula ukuze baphumeze. Kulo mzekelo, upapasho loo inshorensi unako ngokukhawuleza uqwengiwe njengoko BSc ayikho ethembeke kakhulu.
• SHKS - ukuthunga nimanyane enamathelayo. Le ndlela eyahlukileyo ukusuka BSc kuphela ukuba kumaphepha incwadi block nje kuphela emhlane, kodwa athungwe. inshorensi Nzima lwenziwa ngokufanayo njengoko BSc. Iincwadi ezenziwe usebenzisa SHBK bakhonza ixesha elide kakhulu ngaphandle BSc, kodwa kuyabiza.

Yintoni ekuthiwa Dutch yokubopha

Kwiminyaka yakutshanje zithandwa kakhulu ukuba ukusebenzisa isiciko ezifunekayo. Ngamanye amaxesha eyaziwa ngokuba yi "Dutch". Kubonisa ngokwabo eliphakathi phakathi soft and nzima.

msebenzi wayo kukuba nale uyilo iimpapasho kufikelela ezenziwe amaqhosha cut olunye paperboard elaminethiweyo mninzi ukuya kwi 500 g / m ^2. Ngenxa yale ndlela fomu esebenzayo ngokwenziwa kwaye ngaxeshanye unawo iimpawu lwezibophelelo eqinileyo kunye ethambileyo.

Iimpawu ezihlangeneyo indlela ukuyila ncwadi ihlanganisa

Yintoni, ke ngoko, siye iimpawu ezikhethekileyo Dutch iyabophelela?

Okokuqala, imveliso yawo ngexabiso eliphantsi kakhulu ngokukhawuleza. Ngokungafaniyo Umatshini eziqinileyo (apho intsebenzo kuyimfuneko ukwenza imisebenzi ezininzi ukulisika kuncanyatheliswe) ukwenza iqweqwe lencwadi ezifunekayo lula. Oku liqhephuka iqhekeza mnye wekhadibodi elaminethiweyo ukuba biguetsya kwiindawo zoMfingo ayifuni unyango olongezelelweyo. Oku kufana ezinoqweqwe oluthambileyo Dutch.

Nangona kunjalo, xa kuthelekiswa kulo, isigubungelo uhlobo efunekayo yaye sinika imbonakalo ashinyeneyo kakhulu kakhulu ezahlukene ukusuka okuqinileyo. Kule meko kulula (ngokobunzima) kunye ngaphantsi ixesha elide, kodwa kunjalo ngakumbi kunam SHKS ukuthembeka ethambileyo.

Ukuthembeka, ixabiso eliphantsi lula yale ndlela noshicilelo loyilo inshorensi ukuba naye iminyaka embalwa ukuze abe omnye ethandwa kakhulu ehlabathini. Kulo mba, kwamanye amazwe kwabakho isiko ukushicilela iincwadi zesikolo okuqinileyo, kwaye kwiqweqwe ezifunekayo. Ngenxa yoko, ubunzima iincwadi abafundi kwiphothifoliyo, yehla kakhulu, njengoko umthwalo kwi emqolo yomntwana.

channel nganisa

Ukongeza namhlanje iindlela ezintathu ezaziwayo-kakuhle ukuba kuyilwe ncwadi ihlanganisa, kukho iqela iindlela eliphakathi wabonakala kuphela kwinkulungwane yamashumi amabini kade - ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane xxi.

Okokuqala, kulo mzila esibophelelayo. Pages kule ityala alisonjululwanga athungwe, hayi unamathela okanye egqojozwe. Xa umatshini akhethekileyo yesondo eqweqweni okanye omnye komnye nge channel metal ezimile-U.

Ngenxa yoko, iphepha Unga bophelela zombini isiciko eqinileyo ethambileyo okanye iplastiki.

Iincwadi kunye eziphathwayo kunye nemithombo ngeplastiki nentsimbi

Phakathi ndlela ithandwa kakhulu futhi ingenandleko ukweluka iincwadi - nezitishi ngasemthonjeni. Inokuba yenziwe ngesinyithi okanye iplastiki. Kule ncwadi, ngale ndlela, akukho umva - indawo yakhe kuthathwa ngasemthonjeni, nto leyo ndisolulele ngokusebenzisa perforations kumaphepha. Kuba abanjalo ukwaluka kufuna umatshini okhethekileyo, leyo wayizalela imingxuma kunye yaseZimbabwe kubo.

Ngale ndlela, rhoqo lenze iimanyuwali nezikhokelo.

Nezitishi ngenxa yokuba ezityiwa metal

Ukuba le ncwadi ngumqulu encinane kunye nobukhulu, oko edibene kwiphepha yesiqhelo okanye inshorensi ikhadibhodi (ngaphandle flyleaf). Ngokuqhelekileyo, iincwadi ezo zibanjwa kunye ngokusebenzisa izibiyeli ezimbini, ifana kakhulu kwi-ofisi. Le yindlela libiza kancinane kwaye ezingabizi kakhulu makadibanise iincwadi, kodwa efanelekileyo kuphela yent- ezincinane imveliso.