Nokumelana zesinyithi - inkqubo yenkxwaleko yabo

Nokumelana liguqulelwe ngokusuka kwisiLatini njenge 'ezonakalisayo ". Ngoko ke inkqubo ye ukutshatyalaliswa naziphi na izinto (umthi, yodongwe, Polymer, intsimbi) ngenxa yokuba sesichengeni kokusingqongileyo, nokuba umhlaba, umoya, amanzi (ulwandle, umlambo, kumgxobhozo, ichibi, phantsi komhlaba) okanye nayiphi na enye imidiya. Ngokumalunga iintsimbi umhlwa iintsimbi elide olungisa ibinzana ngokubanzi "irusi". Ngokomzekelo, xa oksijini nokumelana isinyithi manzi hayidroksayidi ferric hydrated - mhlwa zesiqhelo.

Nokumelana zesinyithi kukhokelela iilahleko ezinkulu - iRashiya yi ilahleko yonyaka izigidi iitoni amatye anqabileyo. Ngaphezu kwe-10% zemveliso yonyaka kweetyhubhu metal ibe Asinakusebenziseka ngenxa umhlwa. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, wafihlwa izakhiwo yesinyithi emhlabeni kwezakhiwo ezahlukahlukeneyo, amatanki ezingoovimba oyile kunye nezinye izimbiwa ukuba akafanelekanga iminyaka 3-4, ukuba abathanga ayakhuselwa kwiinkxwaleko nokumelana lomhlaba-phantsi. Zomhlaba ezinokudla iintambo zombane kunye nonxibelelwano, ezantsi indawo yokudada, umzimba imoto kunye nezinye izithuthi.

Umhlaba kunye nokungcola umhlwa zesinyithi - inkqubo electrochemical ukuba kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezifana umchiza nokwakhiwa komhlaba, ukufuma zabo permeability umoya, uhlobo metal, ngokufanayo yayo, uhlobo kumphezulu bezinto ngentsimbi.

Ukuze ukugcina metal kwi komhlaba (amanzi, umoya, kunye nezinye iintlobo zosasazo), kufuneka ukwazi izizathu, leyo ezinokubangelwa ngesinyithi. Ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha kwi iqondo lomsebenzi umhlwa zomhlaba ezifunekayo kuphuhliso amanyathelo okukhusela izakhiwo metal evela umhlwa, uphumeza entsimini kunye kwilebhu nezifundo olubanzi kwimihlaba.

Ukukhuselwa zesinyithi ukusuka umhlwa isekelwe phezu kwezi ndlela:

1. Ukunyuka ukuya izinto constructional ukunganyangeki yemichiza (umhlwa enganyangekiyo aluminiyamu ziqaliswe iiseli okanye, icala, ukususwa ubumdaka ukusuka ingxubevange umhlwa uqhu-);

2. bucala phezu metal sisifo imithombo ndlongo (ipeyinti kunye ivanishi yokutyabeka isinyithi, zokwambathisa iifilim, Electroplating) ;

3. Ukhuselo electrochemical - phantsi kwempembelelo umsinga lwangaphandle enyanzeliswa phezu isakhiwo yesinyithi;

4. nciphisa ubuvila medium nge nokuqaliswa kwe inhibitors nokudliwa ngumhlwa (arsenates, chromates, nitrites), deoxygenation okanye neutralization eliphakathi.

Ezi ndlela bohlulwa babe ngamaqela-2. Iindlela ezimbini zokuqala kwenziwa phambi kokuba ukusetyenziswa kwemveliso metal kwinqanaba loyilo okanye ukwenziwa, uze wenze umahluko msebenzi iya kuninqabela. Ezinye iindlela ezimbini zenziwa kuphela ukusebenza otyhidiweyo kwaye ungatshintsha indlela ukhuseleko ngokuxhomekeke kutshintsho bume kanye.

Lo mbuzo, njengoko ukhuselo metal ngokudleka, kwaye okwangoku efanelekileyo, kufuna indlela ebanzi befuna ngaphandle design izixazululo mihla, ukuphucula iindlela ezindala enetha kunye nezixhobo zokhuselo.