Pashkov House: imbali ngamatye, enemizila ukutyhubela iinkulungwane

Ubuchule bobugcisa eMoscow kangangeenkulungwane ezininzi njenge emehlweni ovusa of Muscovites kunye neendwendwe aloo mzi. iitempile magingxigingxi yaye icawa, unique yesicelo, amabhotwe kunye nezindlu Manor - konke oku kudala umhlangano emangalisayo, nto idume kwikomkhulu Russian. Kodwa nakuba zonke ezi zakhiwo ikhubalo ekhethekile nobukhazikhazi kumi Pashkov House odumileyo.

Ngokutsho yeembali zokwakha kwikomkhulu, esi sakhiwo Yakhiwa wesithathu yokugqibela yenkulungwane XVIII, mhlawumbi, kunye nokuthatha inxaxheba ngqo womzobi odumileyo V. Bazhenov. Loo Igatya ayikho ngengozi; le nto kukuba, emva imililo eziliqela, neemvukelo kunye nezinye iintlekele akukho amaxwebhu malunga ngubani owakha House Pashkov e Moscow, akazange asinde. Kodwa abanye iilayini kwi memoirs ababephila, kunye nesimbo wesakhiwo ngokwayo lucebisa ukuba yenzelwe Bazhenov.

Igama le ndlu igama emva P. Pashkov, owaba waduma ngenxa yokuba uyise elide wakhonza ngocwangco uPetros Omkhulu. Esi sakhiwo phantse nangoko yaba kangangokuba abantu; yena ezotywe kwimifanekiso kunye izitampu zokuposa, ezichazwe uncwadi, ecaleni kwakhe kwaye uthandana Kungquzulwano.

Pashkov House isakhiwo yokuqala, ukongeza ezicaweni icawa, leyo ushiye emva kodonga incwadi yesicelo. osemqoka yayo bokwakha kukuba yokuba olungaphambili ezimbini: ngaphambili, nto leyo wehla waya Moss Street, yaye ngaphantsi amisiweyo, ngubani ezimela an kwintendelezo endala.

enye uyilo yokuyilwa ukuba nembono olumnandi Pashkov leNdlu xa elijonga ekude. Eyona nto kukuba xa ujonga kwi ecaleni okanye Starovagankovsky Moss Lane, kuvela ukuba isakhiwo ibekwe kwindawo engile kancinane kwaye ulahlekelwa ukuthembeka kunye ubungangamsha umbono wayo.

Uvavanyo lokuqala kakhulu kuba indalo Bazhenov yaba umsebenzi eMoscow hi French umkhosi ngo-1812. Ngexesha emlilweni idumileyo Ndazitshisa zonke ezo ngaphakathi kunye nesakhiwo ngokwaso unenzondelelo intshabalalo buso. Buyisela ngokukhawuleza emva kokuba iphulo lwamazwe angaphandle nabayili abaziwayo O. Bove kunye IA Taman, noAlesandire I Akwasilandula imali-mali karhulumente.

Phakathi kwinkulungwane XIX indlu udlule izandla zabucala kubunini yoluntu. It wagcinwa nabanumzana Institute, indawo yokwenza umthambo, i Rumyantsev Museum. Ngqo ukwenzela ukuba akwazi ukubeka myuziyam painting Yaduma ivanov "imbonakalo uKrestu kubantu", ecaleni endlwini lwakwakhiwa ekuthiwa-Hall of Ivanovo, nto leyo ke yaba kwigumbi lokufundela ithala leencwadi yimyuziyam.

Emva kokuba iiBolsheviks weza amandla endlwini Pashkov wajika waya ngobukhulu kweli lizwe kunye enye amathala oluntu likhulu ehlabathini. Ngelo xesha linye siyaqhubeka ukuphucula inkangeleko yangaphandle isakhiwo, nto leyo inxaxheba iinkosi abaziwayo ezifana L. Dahl, G. Meyendorff, A. Shchusev kunye nabanye.

Kuvuselelwa yokugqibela enkulu kwesakhiwo kwenzeka kwi 30 kwinkulungwane yokugqibela, xa sachithwa ucingo engaphandle, ngomhla olungaphambili kophawu lwesizwe waseUSSR, yaye ngaphakathi ezilahlekileyo ngokupheleleyo inkangeleko yayo yoqobo.