Pension - nto ... Yintoni-inshorensi yoluntu kunye nomhlalaphantsi

Kunokuba umntu owalupheleyo ipension? Kubalulekile kuye okanye hayi? Kutheni? Zithini izimvo zakhe? Yintoni na ingenelo ngokwemiqathango kugcinwe uzinzo indlela zentlalo yentsebenziswano? Yonke le mibuzo iza kuphendulwa kweli nqaku.

Pension - yintoni na le nto?

Ngoko wabiza iintlawulo zenyanga ukuba abelwe abantu abathile njengoko mthombo uphambili inkxaso phantsi kweemeko ezithile. Yabelana iintlobo ezintathu pension:

• kwezentlalo;
• zabasebenzi;
• inshorensi.

Ngamnye kubo uneempawu zawo, nto leyo eza kuxutyushwa kamva kweli nqaku. Iimali kwentlawulo ukuba umntu ofumana, kumiselwa amaziko aphezulu karhulumente. Uluhlu lwabantu singaqamela ngaloo ingeniso eyenziwe imithetho yaseburhulumenteni. Umzimba omkhulu, elijongana amatyala umhlala phantsi yi Pension Fund.

umhlala-phantsi

Ikhutshelwa xa umntu uqalisa ukusebenza ngaloo nokukhubazeka ifikelela abadala. Ukuze uyifumane, kufuneka benze umsebenzi okanye eminye imisebenzi obunenjongo. It zingahlawulwa ukwaluphala. Wakhe wamnika ke ukuba umntu Lizalisekile ixesha elililo, kukowuphi umzekelo apho kuya kubakho ipension iminyaka yenkonzo. Oku kukuvumela ukuba kuzo zonke iinkalo zezinto ezenziwa luluntu, kuthathelwa ingqalelo ezininzi iimpawu.

I-Pension lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lentlawulo yomsebenzi ukuze kuxhamle uluntu. ubukhulu kwayo kuxhomekeka omkhulu okulinganiswa, imivuzo kunye zezavenge ze-inshorensi. Hi ndlela leyi, phambi kokuba la malungu indexed ngokwahlukeneyo. Kodwa ngo-2010 yonke into yatshintsha. Kwaye ngoku bonke indexed yomhlala phantsi. Ngenxa indlela ekhethekileyo ye-inshorensi ayikho nje isigaba esahlukileyo. Ngoko ke, makhe Masiqonde ukuba inshorensi loo ipension. Yintoni na?

inshorensi yomhlalaphantsi

Le yintlawulo imali yenyanga ukuba ihlawula abemi umvuzo okanye enye ingeniso, abalamkelayo ngexesha yengqesho. Kwakhona kwezi ntlawulo ufanelekele abantu abangamalungu yentsapho zeinshorensi xa wafa.

Ziziphi iimpawu kule imali? Kufuneka uyazi into ukucwangcisa intlawulo ethile elimisiweyo. Oku kuxhomekeke ngokupheleleyo kuhlobo yomhlalaphantsi. Minyaka le, urhulumente indexed yokudlala. Oko kwenziwa ekuqaleni, kodwa kuphela phantsi kweemeko ezithile. Oku kunokwenzeka kuphela xa abantu wayesebenzela laba iintlobo zomsebenzi, apho ukwanda lomlingani pension ngamnye izenzo. inshorensi Pension - luhlobo intlawulo kulo mzekelo, eqala ukuba yenziwe kwi ekufikeleleni engama-60 no-55, inkunzi nemazi, ngokulandelelana kwazo. Ilungelo ilifa ethile le iindidi zentlalo kunye nobungcali abemi.

umhlalaphantsi ekuhlaleni

Ukuziqhelisa, ingqiqo kuya kuba igama afanele "aid". Pension nezeNtlalo yabelwe kwiimeko ezinjalo:

1. Emva kokuba afikelele ebudaleni. Yena uyakwazi ukubala phezu kwamadoda nabafazi (abaminyaka yobudala eyi-60 no-65, ngokulandelelana), ubude nkonzo ngaphantsi kweminyaka emihlanu. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, iintlawulo kubonelelwe mali ka amawaka 5 engange. Ukongeza kule abantu zikhankanywe ngasentla bangafaneleka ukuba abameli yomhlala yabantu ezincinane ezahlukeneyo ngasentla. Apha, lo gama ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: 50 no-55 kwabasetyhini kunye namadoda ngokulandelelana. URhulumente kumisa uluhlu ezizodwa ngezizwe abameli ziyafumaneka kwi pension ezinjalo. Oku kwenziwa kuphela abo bahlala kwiindawo zomthonyama kwaye ukwenza yokuloba, zazo zithwala: ukuzingela, imfuyo, njalo-njalo.
2. Yexhoba kunye nokukhubazeka. Kwimeko yokuqala, oko ifumaneka kuphela abantwana, ngokunjalo nabo abangaphantsi kweminyaka 23 bafumana imfundo yexesha elizeleyo kwiziko lemfundo. SokuKhubazeka pension zifumaneka kuphela xa iqela umntu 1, 2 okanye wesithathu wabelwa. Ngaphezu koko, kufuneka kungqinwe isenzo axilongwe. Imilinganiselo iintlawulo ezisukela-4 ukuya 11.5 amawaka engange.

Awohluke ye pension zentlalo

Inyaniso kukuba phambi kukho ungquzulwano zomthetho. Zavunyelwa kuphela ngumthetho ngo-2010. Khumbula ukuba ipension loluntu ibango kuphela Umntu ukufumana umsebenzi. NgokoMthetho kunye noku kulandelayo:

1. Umntu ongayithobeliyo neemfuno leyo ethe yomhlala phantsi.
2. Okokuqala, isicelo yokuqeshwa TS efakiwe, kodwa kamva wemka phambi imali lusekiwe.
3. Oku banelungelo lokufumana umhlala-phantsi, kodwa umntu zange isicelo izibalo zalo.
4. TP sele lityunjiwe, kodwa ngumamkeli wawo ayishiya ngokufaka ngesicelo esisiso.

Kufuneka sikhumbule ukuba umntu angalindela ukuba ukufumana ipension enye kuphela.

Ubukhulu pension kwi Russian Federation kunye nehlabathi

Makhe sijonge ukuba ubukhulu bafikelele iintlawulo kummandla Russian Federation kunye nakwamanye amazwe. Izakuthatha iinkcukacha ezithembekileyo, ngoko kwinqaku ukunika nkam ezichanekileyo ngo-2015:

1. Social - 8300 engange.
2. invalids War - 28 490 engange.
3. Osindileyo - 8040 engange.
4. Ukukhubazeka - 7994 engange.
5. Labour endala-ubudala - 13 900 engange.

Njengoko umzekelo kuthelekiswa, kwakunye nomyinge pension eMoscow - 14 amawaka engange. Ngoku makhe noyicandisa ihlabathi. Iinjongo Uviwo luya enza kumazwe awahlukeneyo (kubandakanywa abamelwane bethu). Ubungakanani iintlawulo yatshintshelwa engange Russian:

1. Ukraine - 4000 engange.
2. Belarus - 9916,24 engange.
3. Kazakhstan - 14 166 engange.
4. Greece - 32 468.59 engange.
5. Germany - 79 329.99 engange.
6. US. Apha, i intlawulo malunga 67.997 engange. Kodwa khumbula ukuba lwepenshini kulo lizwe ngendlela ekhethekileyo. Kwaye ukuba ngengqiqo epheleleyo, oko aziyi kuqwalaselwa. Kukho ebalulekileyo yomhlala-mali yengeniso imbuyekezo.
7. Armenia. Ukuba imeko Ukrainian kungachazwa imfazwe kunye ukuthingaza lizwe emsebenzini kuba zonke izinto ezilungileyo zelizwe, ngoko eli urhulumente iphawulwa umhlalaphantsi ephantsi, nto leyo ethetha ukuba kufikelela 5,666.42 engange.
8. Bulgaria. Yena inelona qondo liphantsi kwi lonke European Union. Yena 7932,99 engange.
9. EGeorgia. Ngenxa imeko yezoqoqosho enzima kweli lizwe, inkokhelo umlinganiselo ngeenxa 3399,85 engange.
10. Estonia. umhlala lisekelwe kwinqanaba eMoscow. Yaye 14 449.37 engange.
11. EFinland. Inkokeli kuluhlu lwethu. Pension kulo 2015 - 112 317,51 engange.

On the Russian Federation ukuba ufake igama

Njengoko ubona, imali ye pension - kuba inkxaso kuhle ukuba abadala. Kakade ke, ngenxa eziliqela ezahlukeneyo engafanelekanga ukuthelekisa parameter enye kuphela. Njengoko isongezelelo ayisoze inibulale ngakumbi kwaye ijongane nesibakala kangakanani kumazwe ahlukeneyo ibhaskithi abathengi nento ibandakanya. Kodwa kunjalo ke kunceda abadla umhlala-phantsi ufanelwe ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi ukuba lo gama kude imihla yabo.

isiphelo

Njengoko ubona, i-Russian Federation akakwazi ndoqhayisa pension liphezulu ehlabathini. Kodwa ico, izinto ezilungileyo kakhulu. Kakade ke, oku kuphela parameter apho ufuna ukubhenela sinengcamango malunga inqanaba lobomi. Ngoko, xa kuthelekiswa ne pension Ukrainian, kunokwenzeka ukuba uqaphele isikhewu esikhulu. Kodwa ngenxa yokuba iimveliso eziphambili umsebenzisi nande axabisa malunga kwabo bethengisa izithuba ezivulekileyo we-Russian Federation, umahluko ayikho nkulu njengoko kubonakala xa efika kuqala. Ngoko ke, ukuba ukufumanisa apho umhlala ubomi ngcono, kuyimfuneko ukuba ukukhangela nje kuphela ngamandla amakhulu kubungakanani kweentlawulo, kodwa iindleko zokutya esisiseko, eziluncedo kunye namayeza.