Peterhof, ipaki eliphezulu: imifanekiso, imithombo yamanzi, iifoto

Peterhof - ipaki esihle kunye nemithombo ezininzi eqingqiweyo, nto leyo iqhele-29 ukusuka St. Petersburg, kunxweme elingasemazantsi kwe-Gulf of Finland. Ngokobubanzi bawo, le paki ingenelwe nkqu French Versailles, ubuhle emithombo bubalaselayo.

Le paki yahlulwe ezimbini: Upper eseZantsi Peterhof. Le paki eliphezulu mncinci kakhulu asezantsi, kodwa hayi obuphantsi kuye ngobuhle kunye nentsusa. Sinokuthi ngamnye kubo wahlukile kwaye unika umdla ngendlela yabo. Kwinqaku lethu siya kugxininisa ikakhulu kwi-Upper Park. Nceda ubuncinane kancinci ukunikela ubomi obutofotofo, nto leyo yahluke photos Peterhof ezithunyelwe kweli nqaku.

Imbali Park Education

Namhlanje royal park lomculo kuquka 4 ehla obutofotofo kunye 176 nemithombo ubuhle nanto. Kunye neminyaka 300 eyadlulayo, kwakukho imigxobhozo kuphela kwaye ibekwe apha elalini. Noko ke, kule 1710s, uPetros I wakhupha ummiselo osemthethweni imisebenzi zokwakha kunye mhlaba esebenzayo yokuqala. Ngenxa abaninzi lokusinda amaxwebhu, imifanekiso kunye nemizobo Wada weza ingqalelo ukuba iiprojekthi ezithile imithombo yamanzi, kwakunye ingqiqo ucwangciso lomculo jikelele kunye nophuhliso lweenkqubo yonikezelo lwamanzi ephethwe yi umlawuli ngokwakhe.

Ngo 1723, indawo yokuhlala enkulu ebhotwe sele sigqityiwe ngokupheleleyo yaye igama "Peterhof". Ukuvulwa epakini, kunye ngokusesikweni izakhiwo eziphambili lomthombo - Grand Cascade - njengoko kwenzekayo kulo nyaka. Igama "Peterhof" kunye ulwimi waseJamani liguqulelwe ngokuthi "Petrova Manor." Ukususela 1762 ukubiza Peterhof baba kwaye sixeko sakhula yokuhlala yobukumkani, kwaye yonke indlu kunye park lomculo, Ndizolulela ngeenxa zonke kuyo. Grand Cascade kunye neminye imithombo eziliqela nikela kuloyiso Russian eMntla kwiMfazwe, yaye emva koko kwabakho uBukhosi Russian. Ukwakhiwa imyuziyam, ekuqaleni wakhonza njengoko yokuhlala yoMlawuli, baguquka emva October Revolution.

enemidlalo

Ngexesha Second World War ngenxa epakini kwafika ixesha mnyama, kuba zokudubula utshaba yatshatyalaliswa phantse ngokupheleleyo oko. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yemizamo phantse lamandla abasebenzi museum 50 entries kunye malunga 8000 izinto ze ngaphakathi kwibhotwe wakwazi ukuthatha kwanangaphambi kokuba umsebenzi waseJamani. Kwathi, Kakade ke, kukho uloyiso ebalulekileyo zobugcisa, kodwa, ngelishwa, izinto ezibe kusindiswa, yinxalenye othozamileyo kakhulu kuphela bonke ubuncwane Peterhof.

Peterhof waqala ukuvuselela kuphela emva kwemfazwe, yaye umsebenzi wokubuyiselwa ngamaxesha kuyaqhubeka unanamhla. Ngo-1945 i-Park ezisezantsi of Peterhof yavulwa. Kwiminyaka emibini kamva yaphinda-efakiweyo kwaye ukusungulwa ngokupheleleyo edume "USamson" emthonjeni, i-jet leyo nemikhanzi 20 eemitha ukuphakama kwaye, ngenxa yobuhle bayo, yinto eningenakukholwa yiyo, ayizange itshatyalaliswa ngamaNazi, waza wasiwa kuphela eJamani. Ukubuyiselwa Peterhof Palace yaqala ngo-1952, kunye neeholo yakhe yokuqala avulwa eyi-12. Phantse evela uthuthu kwelasempumalanga ukusungulwa Peterhof. Ukufunyanwa waba endilisekileyo kakhulu.

Peterhof Palace

Large Imperial Palace na isakhiwo kakhulu abadumileyo epakini Peterhof obutofotofo. Yena umi ngokuzazisa phezu ndachithelwa Grand ezikhokelela kwindawo epakini. Kwibhotwe yakhiwa ngo indlela ekhethekileyo Petrine ezimbejembeje, kodwa ekuhambeni kwexesha iye yaqhubeka ukugqiba ukwakha indlela aqolileyo ezimbejembeje. Phantsi bhotwe a GROTTO zokuhombisa.

Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe, epakini yahlulahlulwe Upper kunye neepaki Lower. Lower Park ibekwe kwindawo ka 102,5 eehektare, kwaye kondla sombhobho wamanzi 22-sekhilomitha. Upper Park ithatha indawo encinci, kodwa hayi elingezantsi Lower Park of Luxury kunye ukohluka ithende layo eqingqiweyo.

Iindawo ezinika umdla zotyelelo Upper Park

Bethanda, oko odumileyo Peterhof, Upper Park, oko lohlukanisa egqibeleleyo ngokupheleleyo. Imithombo ame symmetrically kweli ziko le "kwabanye", "Oak" yaye "Mezheumny", bobabini ahombise Ezinye lomthombo phambi samaphiko icala ebhotwe. "Kwabanye" (umthombo) - ekhonyayo yale paka, ihonjiswe a lot of eqingqiweyo ezikhethekileyo ephakathi.

Enye umtsalane i Upper Park - eqingqiweyo emarmore emhlophe ezine Italian Dzhovanni Bonatstsa kwaye ifakwe apha ngo-1757. Oku "Pomona", "Zephyr", "Flora" yaye "Vertumnus". Enye igadi phezulu ayevathiswe kweentyatyambo avenue eluhlaza, oluzuza umbala obomvu oqaqambileyo ngexesha ekwindla.

Fountain "Neptune"

Njengoko isakhiwo iphambili ye-Upper Park, thende ukhangela obutofotofo ngokwenene yaye kakhulu ngaphezu kwabanye. "Kwabanye" - ithende, ezihonjiswe iqela ezintathu-tiered eqingqiweyo kunye ayafika ngaphezu kuyo inkosi elwandle, ephethe ngesandla sakhe Ababhali ingaguqukanga. Ekubeni kumacala omane ngale iziseko amalungiselelo kunye iimaski izidalwa zaselwandle apho Jets amanzi hit.

Omabini la macala wenqwelwana kunye abanjengoNeptune ehleli okugwedla kwi izandla Oophunguphungu lomlambo. efanayo kakhulu kwinqwanqwa ezihonjiswe neekorale ezininzi; imikrolo kunye nezinye iindawo nelothe, kwakunye amanani zobhedu wentombazana kunye inkwenkwe. Kwabanye zisekhona malunga kubakhweli Hippocampus (ezinamaphiko elwandle amahashe), abonakala ukukhusela uthixo wasentsomini yaye kukhuthaze dolphins. Kukho dolphins elisengqayini lomthombo - ezisibhozo amanani symmetrically amalungiselelo.

Kwicala langasezantsi lomthombo "kwabanye" liqonga encinane, ekuncothukeni kweentende zeenyawo zintathu amanzi, kwaye apho kukho umfanekiso oqingqiweyo Apollona Belvederskogo, zazenziwe ngobhedu (asetyenziswe endaweni yayo yaba oqingqiweyo "Winter" ukusuka lead). Yaye "Apollo" yaye "Neptune" wabonakala apha kanye, kodwa kuphela ngo 1736. Ekuqaleni, xa intliziyo isitya kwaba "kwinqwelo Neptunian", ezenziwe ilothe, Noko ke, emva kokuba ezidilikileyo, indawo yi sisincoko oqingqiweyo "kwabanye" (wadala kwinkulungwane XVII eNuremberg). Kangangokuba ixesha lokuqala Umfanekiso kwenzeka eJamani.

Imbali "Neptune"

Ukudalwa iqela ngasemthonjeni ekhethekileyo waba zebhola uBukhosi German, xa ilizwe wamiswa amakhulu ezikhumbuzo ezintle. Nuremberg kukwadala into eyahlukileyo ukuhombisa imarike ezidolophini. Fountain wagqiba ungqamane Uxolo LwaseWestphalia, ukuphelise War ezilishumi Years '- esi siganeko sibalulekileyo embalini German. Kulo mba, ngomhla indalo yomsebenzi sculpture weengcibi ngopfu ubukhosi. Oophunguphungu kufuphi kwabanye eziqulathwe ngelo xesha emlanjeni ngagama, kunye eziphathekayo - Pegnitz kunye Regnitz. Ngokukhwela kwinqwanqwa nangoku nemifuziselo ikhoyo eNuremberg, iholo isixeko kunye Chancellor. Nje sisincoko oqingqiweyo kwakukho amanani-27.

Noko ke, ekupheleni komsebenzi kwenzeka ukuba waseLondon Pegnitz kunye Regnitz umlambo akukho amanzi ngokwaneleyo for ukusebenza loo mthombo kuqamba omkhulu. Emva koko kwafuneka ukuba ibattery aye maxesha ebizwa ngokuba yi-ngcono. Ngenxa yoko, ukukrola iminyaka 130 kuphela sibe luncedo - abasemagunyeni isixeko yagqiba ukuba azalise ngeendleko zayo, uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali yalo wacebisa ngexesha yindlalifa kwitrone Russian, uPawulos waya Nuremberg ngexesha uhambo ukuya eNtshona Yurophu, ukuba bathenge "Neptune." UPawulos, efuna ukubonisa nokuqhama yoBukhosi baseRashiya, ngaphandle kokuthandabuza, wavuma ngesosigqibo ngokuthenga iqela oqingqiweyo engange 30 000 - ngelo xesha imali eninzi.

Fountain "Mezheumny"

Ekungeneni kwi "Peterhof" (Upper Park), emazantsi "kwabanye" i swimming pool ngeenxa, ezihonjiswe ekroliweyo zobhedu wenamba kunye dolphins ezine. Ukususela emlonyeni wenamba ngokukhawuleza watsala jet amanzi, amahlengesi kunye namanzi yegadi. Le isitya ekuqaleni kukhokelela "Andromeda", ngoko endaweni yayo ibe inani leminyaka wayefike imikrolo enye, kwaye isiphumo yaba iseti mzobo zobhedu wenamba ezinamaphiko. Malunga nalo yokuqamba ngokuba "blowout" Mezheumny "(or" elingenammiselo ").

Kodwa ibali nokwakheka impermanence yaqhubeka. Dragon yatshintshwa ukuze delfinopodobnuyu sculpture "sterlet", yaye ekugqibeleni - ukuya isitya ongangokugibisela-yentsimbi. dragon iye yabuyela ngo-1958, kodwa entsha ngokupheleleyo endaweni yayo. Ke igongqongqo kunye dolphins kwaphoswa kwakhona ukusuka lokusinda imizobo ezimbalwa.

"Oki" Fountain

Fountain "Oak" of Peterhof ise phakathi komnye, naye echibi. Yena inkwenkwezi-etsolo ezintandathu, xa eziphelweni kuzo dolphins, kunye nakumbindi - ". UMFANA imaski" i ihonjiswe nezemarmore imikrolo Ekuqaleni, kwakhona wabheka ezahlukeneyo. Ngowe-1734, kwakukho ilothe, "oki", engqongwe dolphins amathandathu neempungutye abathathu, kodwa isuswe emva kweminyaka 12. Ngowe-1802, le ngoma esekwe kwi Lower Park.

Kodwa emva emthonjeni ekuqaleni got igama "Oak", nangona kungekho "oki" kwi ekwakhiweni wayengekho apho. Kuba ngoxa embindini lomthombo ilukrolo ngamaplanga "Cornucopia", kodwa ukubola yaye ekugqibeleni indawo ", engumfana, iikoma."

neminye imifanekiso

"Peterhof" (Upper Park) nalo idume kwamachibi yayo endala - echibini isikwere wemba 1719 ukubonelela amanzi Lower Park. Ngowe-1773, embindini ezi amadama ziseke amaqela oqingqiweyo engqongwe dolphins welothe. Kodwa emva kweminyaka emininzi, baye ukubola kwaye sele indawo Jets yesiqhelo nabalulamileyo nkqo. Kuphela ngo-1956 kwichibi square ukubuyela imbonakalo yangaphambili.

Xa park Upper uyakwazi kwakhona ukubona ekroliweyo yezithunywa Peterhof ezifana Venus umthombo Italian, nto leyo sculpture engqongwe dolphins ezintandathu. Xa imvelaphi nequla Church ebonakalayo of St. uPetros St. uPawulos, eyinxenye ye Peterhof Palace.

ipaki edumileyo

Kwaye oku kanye into encinane kukho ukwazi Peterhof kunye nemithombo yayo ezixabisekileyo eqingqiweyo. Kakade ke, kule paki ongenakoyiswa Kubalulekile ukutyelela - uya kufumana omnye ekhumbulekayo ngokwenene. Kwakhona ukuvumela ukuba wonwabele into Peterhof sidume, photo, awothi hayi ngokupheleleyo, kodwa ukugqithisa ubuhle yale paka edume umhlaba.