Pope - intloko Catholic Church

The Catholic Church ubanga ukuba wokuqala Pope - Apostol Pet - wathabatha amandla ezandleni zikaYesu Kristu. Ukususela rhoqo, iintsuku ezilishumi elinesibhozo emva kokufa kowangaphambili, ezonyuliweyo umfundisi elandelayo emhlabeni kaThixo. Pope e lobuKatolika ithathwa intloko lonke ibandla. Yena eyonyulwe lo mkhwa - intlanganiso Iikhadinali - ubomi. Yena ufumana imbeko phezulu. Phambi ekuzameni upopu wenza idini kwegazi ukuya etroneni. Emva koko ubeka phezu isigqubuthelo okukhethekile - bathwala. Le nto unkontsho ubhishophu esiqhelekileyo kaThixo, sithsaba sam, ebandakanya emazinyo mathathu luphawu lokuba Pope ngoku ifumana igunya kweli hlabathi ngaphaya kwelabafileyo, umhlaba kunye nebandla. isimo yayo ekhethekileyo izithethe zecawa iyayixhasa ilifa labo namandla evela uMpostile uPetros, yaye ngenxa yoko noKrestu. Ukongeza, i-Papa kwakhona Intloko eVatican - urhulumente, emi kummandla eRoma, indawo encinci (44 ha) kwaye ngenisa neentlobano bezozakuzo kunye phantse onke amazwe ehlabathini. It wanyuselwa yi geqe koobhishophu Western (njengoko kuchasiwe empuma) ngabasemagunyeni yehlabathi.

Inkolelo yokuba kuphela ibandla libanike ngamandla kubalawuli karhulumente, waqala ukubonakala emva kokuwa kwintsimi yasentshona yoBukhosi baseRoma. Nganye Pope ezilandelelanayo bamsukela umgaqo wayo. Phantsi, eqamba amanene - inkululeko of the Holy Sepulchre - wahlela waza wakhokelela amaphulo zomkhosi. Kwaye mna, X kwinkulungwane, uPopu John VIII ukongeza imithetho yamaKatolika iCawa ukuba isigqibo kwemvume okanye ukuvalwa ibekwa kwabalawuli, nkqu nelungelo lokuthatha isithsaba zabo.

Ukungangqinelani phakathi amabandla amabini (eMpuma Koloni) luyanda minyaka yonke. VII zeformula Council, zihlangene ngo 787 AD, landa kuphela ivuse. Baye ezihambelanayo kuphela imibuzo ideology neemfundiso yebandla, njengoko yena ucinga ezininzi uninitiated, kodwa yezizathu zezopolitiko. Inyaniso kukuba lo gama i-uBukhosi baseByzantium wenziwe nokongezwa ngempumelelo kwi Apennine lizwe. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuba abaphathi baseRoma babengafuni kuyo. Ingongoma yokuqala yaba ungquzulwano ondiqumbise kwiminyaka 862-870 Michael III. Wabaphelisa Ignatius, uMphathi eConstantinople, kwaye endaweni yaso Photios, indoda yehlabathi abangenazo nayiphi ngokunxulumene ibandla ehlabathini. Akufani Nicholas mna, Pope. Kamva, ningavisisani ijamelene elide yayingazinikanga, kodwa hayi etsha ngokupheleleyo. Ukuqhubela phambili ephikisanayo kwenzeka ngo-1054. Yaphela ke ukwahlukana igosa bokuphela amabandla amabini ngamaKrestu ehlabathini.

Ukususela ngoko kwakuphethe kuye kwavela ingxaki. Kunye nokukhula kwe-nkqubo yayo iwonga kunye nempembelelo wakhula kunye nomzabalazo kweqonga kunye ngamayelenqe phakathi Iikhadinali abanomdla abaya kuba ngamandla. Kwakukho ixesha kubomi kwebandla, xa wamiselwa kuphela ukuba ube nefuthe kumgaqonkqubo, phezu abalawuli behlabathi. Upapa ukuba eze omnye komnye ukutshintsha, phambi kokufa owandulela. Amaxesha amaninzi umviwa ethe ngaphambili ibhukuqwe, wakwazi ukuba aphinde itrone yakhe. kwimeko yo fanekisela, xa uPopu Benedict IX kwi X ngenkulungwane mna ilungelo lokuba nendawo abuyiselwe ngaphezu kanye. Ngaphezu koko, omnye umgqatswa naye ngokwakhe wathengisa kwetrone.

Ukutyhubela iinkulungwane zilandelayo kwakuphethe waphila amaxesha amaninzi kwaye weyela lutshabalale, benze iimpazamo kunye nezenzo ezilungileyo. Malunga lamaKatolika mthetho abaninzi baba kwaziwa kuphela emva kokoyiswa kumazwe aseYurophu uNapoleon: kwezi nkalo, usuke Kwamacala.

Kwaye nje namhlanje , John Paul II uxolo esidlangalaleni ukuba zolwaphulomthetho olwenziwe yamaKatolika iCawa kwimbali ubukho bayo. Yaba lo Pope uye iinguqu isakhiwo ibandla, liqulunqe inguqulelo mihla kwemisebenzi kunye nendima kwezentlalo zeCawa. Ngokuphindaphindiweyo wabongoza abefundisi ukuba ukuthatha inxaxheba kwimisebenzi kwezopolitiko. Ubizo iphambili yeCawa, John Paul II wabona ukuba inkululeko yehlabathi evela impixano, kodwa hayi esebenzisa ezopolitiko, kunye uncedo ubulungiseleli wenkolo ukuze lonke uluntu, entsimini ngokomoya.