Rainforest India: impawu enezityalo nezilwanyana

On iplanethi yethu, kukho izibonelelo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo zendalo. Eli nqaku liza kuthi ichatshwazelwe isihloko amahlathi ashinyeneyo of India. Yintoni na ukuba kuphawuleka kakhulu, ingakumbi izityalo nezilwanyana kuwuzalisileyo kuzo?

A amagama ambalwa malunga India

Kubalulekile ukuba eli lizwe yahlukile. Xa izithuba evulelekile uyakwazi ukufumana izityalo ezinjalo, ezo akafumaneki naphi na. flora-Indiya zingahlulwa zibe ngamaqela amakhulu. Ngaphezu koko, ngalinye kwezahlulo lizwe esikhuthaza iintyatyambo zawo ezizodwa nezilwanyana. Mhlawumbi yiloo nto flora ka-Indiya ithathwa ukuba zezinto ehlabathini lonke. Okumangalisayo kukuba, ineentlobo ngaphezulu kwe 20,000 ezahlukeneyo. imithi Alone kunye namatyholo nakubalwa ngaphezu kwamawaka amabini!

A isuntswana elidlulileyo

Kubalulekile ukuba eli lizwe kwixesha elidlulileyo, abe yenye yezona emathafeni, kodwa bamathanga akazange acinge kuyimfuneko ukulondoloza ubuhle bendalo yehlathi kwaye rhoqo esetyenziswa India ngeenjongo zalo. Emva kokuba isibhengezo inkululeko kummandla Indian umbuzo kulondolozwe lwezibonelelo zendalo lenyuka ingakumbi kabukhali. Ngeli xesha, shelterbelts ngenkuthalo otyalwe misele zonkcenkceshelo kunye neendlela, eli ukuthatha amanyathelo ayimfuneko ukuthintela ukhukuliseko lomhlaba (kubandakanywa kwiindawo emvula). An into umdla: ukuba uninzi amazwe iplanethi yethu ukubandezeleka ukusuka kwamahlathi, ngoko India liyi yokwanda kwindawo ehlathini. Kule minyaka imbalwa idlulileyo, yamahlathi liye landa nge-15-20%.

Malunga uhlobo ehlathini

Indian amahlathi ngokuqhelekileyo lungohlulwa lube subgroups ezintathu:

1. Rainforest India (ulophu, imvula kunye evergreen). Indawo yokuhlala: I kwamaxandeka i Ghats Western, inxalenye womzantsi-mpuma malayas, iintaba Mount Nilgiri kunye cardamom.
2. Shola imvula yehlathi, kuxhaphaka ajike abe amahlathi elingenazo avuthulukayo. Indawo Main: ngentla elinemvula.
3. ehlathini ethafeni. Indawo yokuhlala: Punjab, Rajasthan, Gujarat, Deccan Plateau.

Malunga le ndawo

Xa ukufunda isihloko "Rainforest India" kufuneka bathi amagama ambalwa ngokukodwa malunga imozulu kwezo ndawo. Umzekelo, kumahlathi ashinyeneyo yandiswe ngokubonakalayo ukufuma, nto ke leyo ebangele ukuba zibizwa ngokuba amahlathi evergreen. Noko ke, le enyanisweni "esandleni" yezityalo ngoko olinywayo uhlaza uhlaza kakhulu, ngenxa yobuninzi nobushushu nokufuma - oku ezifanele izityalo. Ke ukuba iimeko iqondo lobushushu kwi kwemini kwi ekweleenjiko ishushu kakhulu, ubusuku ezipholileyo izidanga ezintandathu ukuya kwezisibhozo.

amanani

Iyafuna esithi ehlathini lemvula India utyebile kakhulu kwiintlobo ezixabisekileyo emthini. Phakathi kwazo kwakukho umthi sallovoe (lenza nqwelo ecocekileyo, ezisetyenziswa xa ukwakhiwa kwezindlu kunye nokudalwa kwamaqhina), imithi yepla-, Cisse, dzhatovoe umthi. Emthini sallovom ngasentla ohlala lacquer mealybug, ezenziwe shellac - komthwebeba, nto leyo sisetyenziswa ngokubanzi iimfuno radio, kwaye kutsha nje kwishishini manicure. Kwiphondo Karnatka ukukhulisa sandalwood obaluleke kakhulu, miroblan (kwizinga eliphezulu izinto ekuveliseni ifanitshala expensive) kunye Basso, esetyenziswa ukwenza methanol.

imithi

Yintoni enye isityebi ehlathini lemvula India na? Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba emahlathini zemvula ngoqalo iziqu, unako ngokulula ungoluka na iingobozi zizele iimilo ezahlukeneyo, eziqhele ukusetyenziswa yi abemi belo lizwe kuyo.

Ezinye iindawo ekweleenjiko lizele zizityalo unzima kwaye inameva (indawo Ghats Kapa), apho abahlali basebenzisa ngobulumko kakhulu. Ezi zityalo izinto ezilungileyo ezahlukeneyo iiprojekthi lwabaxongxi ukuze bafumane tannins kunye zombala. Interesting nto: sisicatshulwa esithathwe Acacia catechu iNdiya geni nzulu-orenji umbala sakhi, leyo yenye imibala yesizwe lizwe. Kumgangatho wesibini elinemvula inokufumaneka breadfruit kunye mango Indiya. Kukho kakhulu okuninzi ngowakhe kunye nasemva.

ofundisa

Zeziphi Indian ubutyebi ezifana abantwana? Yintoni enye isityebi ehlathini lemvula India na? 3 leklasi lesikolo kakade kwi kwimbali yendalo kunye nemithi yesundu. Indian ekweleenjiko akhawunti ngenxa kwintsimi lwabo malunga 20 yohlobo lwazo. Eyona ezaziwa kakhulu abantwana besikolo yesundu - yekhokhonathi. Xa iindawo akumazantsi ekweleenjiko ingafumaneka umhla wesundu zasendle kwaye zaziya INPE. Inxalenye esemantla rattan wesundu umthi ulungele ukubonisa kunye ndiyindla elide kakhulu, engamarhoqorhoqo. nemiwonyo emanzi umthunzi kuzaliswa imithi-orenji, banana yeelamuni.

izityalo

Ziziphi ezinye izityalo liyi ihlathi elinemvula of India? 3 udidi kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo, ngelishwa, Akukabonakali ke ucinga hopeyu melkotsvetnuyu, Cullen phezulu, Vatera kunye dipterocarpus Indiya. Hayi nje ukwenza zonke ezi amagama ngokuqinisekileyo ude uthinjwe ngumfazi abasafunda ukuhamba ukwazi, yaye izityalo ngokwabo benzile umdla omkhulu, kuba njengabo izalamane akafumaneki kwisibanzi zethu.

imfuyo

Ujonge le sihloko, sasizibuza yintoni apha izilwanyana zihlala emahlathini emvula India? Okokuqala ingqalelo kufuneka inikwe iinkawu - oku abemi yeyona ixhaphakileyo kwezi ngingqi. Basimisela inani enkulu ebomini. Ngaphezu koko, apha uyakwazi ukuhlangabezana kunye lwenkawu. Omunye umhlali langutana kakhulu ekweleenjiko - Indian indlovu. Yena mncinci kancinane nogxa walo Afrika, kodwa umahluko ayinamsebenzi. Le peculiarity yendlovu Afrika kukuba abantu bakhe ababhinqileyo abanalo amabamba, t. E. Bathe zimfutshane kangangokuba azibonakali. Elephant kwaye ngoku kusetyenziswa ezinye yomsebenzi onzima. Kakuhle eyaziwa amaxhama, abahlala emahlathini of India. Iintlobo ezahlukeneyo layo elikhulu: muntjac, sambar (iimpondo ubude ogama yi-100 cm) barasingha, Axis (okanye ufunde) (iimpondo kufuneka iinkqubo ngaphezulu kwama-14).

Uziqwalasele izilwanyana izityebi malayas. In ohlala deer zasekuhlaleni ashinyeneyo must, ibhere malayan, iigusha intaba. Ekubeni ekweleenjiko umdla uhlaza, ezinye zazo ngokuyimfuneko ezizingelayo: jaguar, amahlosi, iingcuka, izingwe, marten abameli squad.

iintaka

emvula e India igcwele yeentaka. Apha uyakwazi ukufumana izikhwenene ukudlala nomsindo (iintlobo ezingaphezu kwe-150!) Ekubeni neentsiba eliqaqambileyo bala. Abahlala kwiiTropiki Lane (Indian starling), lokhozi, Ingekalili umqala. Winter labantu intaka ukhula phantse isiqingatha, t. To. Uyafika apha ebusika inani elikhulu neentaka kumantla Asia naseYurophu.

Ezinye izilwanyana Kuyashisa

Ngokufundisisa zithini izilwanyana elinemvula e-India, ukuze sinikele ingqalelo nezinambuzane ezihlala kule ndawo kwemozulu. Ngoko ke, okokuqala zonke uyakwazi ukuhlangabezana okuninzi mabhabhathane ezithandekayo. Kwaye akukho nto: kummandla ekweleenjiko likhaya leentlobo malunga 700. Uninzi njenge ibhabhathane omkhulu, oze wazimela phantsi kwamaphiko olungu ukuya ngokweesentimitha-30! Ulikhaya inani elikhulu ziimbovane ezahlukeneyo.

Tropic kuhlala kwaye ube zonke iintlobo izirhubuluzi: iingwenya, amahobe, iinyoka namacilikishe. Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, ezinye iingwenya ukufikelela ezilishumi ubude, yaye inyoka anaconda ikhula ukuya kwiimitha ezisithoba. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba mnye kuphela kwisiqithi Kalimantan iintlobo ezahlukeneyo nasemanzini kasixhenxe ngaphezu kulo lonke elaseYurophu.